Introduce French director Melville.

Jean pierre melvil, the great French director, is the most famous film noir master in the world film industry. He was born in a Jewish family in Alsace, France, on 19 17 10. His original name was Jean-Pierre groome Bach. When he was a teenager, he went to Paris to study. He likes reading American novels and movies since he was a child. Even his own name, Melville, was renamed because he admired herman melville, the author of Moby Dick, which shows that he is deeply fascinated by American culture.

Melville was the first independent filmmaker. He retired after World War II, and in June of the same year1945165438+10 founded Melville Independent Film Company, and began to direct short films from 1946. By 1947, Melville personally directed Silence of the Sea at a very low production cost of 600 francs, which shocked the film industry. At that time, his film-making method, which ignored the tradition of French film industry, attracted great attention from all sides, especially the poet Shang? Cocqueteaux's appreciation. What about Shang? Cocqueteaux provided17 million francs for the production, and asked Melville to direct his novel "The Scary Child", which was a great success. He was regarded as the most talented newcomer in the post-war French film industry and an indirect pioneer of the new wave in France. Melville is recognized as "the spiritual father of the French new wave", and he is even still in Jean-Luc? Godard's famous work "Tired" is also one of the landmark works of the New Wave Movement, and plays the role of a writer.

During his 26-year film-making career, Melville directed 65,438+03 feature films. In addition to the world-famous masterpieces with different themes, such as Silent Sea, Scary Children and Shadow Troops, Melville also directed Fever, Eyeliner, Lonely Black Boy, Blood Ring and his last film. 1August 2, 973 Jean-Pierre? Melville died prematurely of a heart attack at the age of 55.

Melville wrote and directed The Red Castle in 1970. Also translated "Red Circle" or "Benevolence and Blood Circle") is recognized as his masterpiece, a film known as "extremely pure and perfect classic" and a model of police film. Allen's "Blood Ring"? Alain Delon, Yves? Yves montand Bourvil, three French superstars and Italian character actor Leo Maria? Volante (Gian-Maria Volante, who once wrote about Mario? "The Death of Qi Le" 1983 won the title of winner of the 36th Cannes International Film Festival) and other famous actors performed together. This film has achieved great success in art and commerce, and it is one of the most successful French films of all time. "Blood Ring" has many levels of themes and rich connotations, which can be simply regarded as a classic police film or understood through deeper thinking.

The first is the fatalistic theme of this film. In the title of "Blood Ring", an allusion of Siddhartha Gautama (the real name of Sakyamuni, the ancestor of Buddhism) is directly quoted: Siddhartha once drew a blood ring with carnelian, and said: "Although people don't know it at first, they will meet one day. Even if their life experiences are different, they take different paths. On a certain day, they will eventually meet in the blood ring (red circle). " This allusion at the beginning of the film is extremely important for understanding the whole film. When talking about the blood ring, director Melville said: "The blood ring is the mark of the devil, which draws the fate of some people and isolates them from ordinary human society." . What he wants to express is obvious: one can't escape fate and destiny after all. It may be alive or dead.

Melville often idealizes some people and stories that wander on the edge of society and are incompatible with or even antagonistic to the social system, and expresses them through his works. We can see his pursuit of perfection in the Blood Ring. "Blood Ring" through the release of criminal thief Collet (Allen? Delong), former police sharpshooter Jean Sen (Yves? Meng Dang), an active fugitive vogel (Ryan Maria), escaped from the old police chief Mattel (Bourvil) and is being pursued by Mattel? Wolante's experience and the story line of robbing jewelry together make the common themes of gangsters' desperate struggle, justice and honor, loyalty and friendship more profound and unique. The film further sublimes the above theme implicitly to the social philosophy level and height of the special groups wandering on the edge of society and legal system facing the powerful ruling power. The tragic ending of the three men finally meeting in a pool of blood also echoes the allusion of Sakyamuni, the Buddha who opened the light, and reflects the helpless tragic fate and inescapable fate of those who opposed the system under the suppression and encirclement of powerful forces.

The blood ring is most praised for its calm style and extremely concise dialogue, which is extremely rich in Jean-Pierre? Melville's personal characteristics and unique style. This can be analyzed by the most representative, classic and well-known scene of "robbing a jewelry store at night" in the film. The whole scene includes: "Action begins, enter the house" (length 14: 18) and "jewel robbery" (length 12:29).

Although there is almost no dialogue in the nearly half-hour play, Melville presents this scene to the audience through the perfect combination of images and sound effects. His excellent photography skills and cool lens pictures, unexpected plot arrangement, excellent and skillful lens scheduling between complex and changeable scenes, and smooth and concise editing make the whole scene extremely impressive. At the same time, it also uses the combination of ambient sound and special sound effects, as well as simple notes. The excellent use of these sound montages adds endless tension to the film, making the whole scene full of dramatic strength and tension, which is extremely wonderful and the audience is all nervous and holding their breath. The whole drama is a model to show the artistic conception of "silence is better than sound", and it is also the most enjoyable, classic and famous movie fragment. Its unique film skills are amazing, and it can be called a film demonstration textbook.

In addition, in the scene where the sharpshooter Jean Sen first appeared in this film, Melville made the finishing point by surrealism, and made clear the tragic situation and inner helplessness of Jean Sen, which is also a wonderful pen in the film.

Excellent performance is also one of the important factors for the success of blood withdrawal. On the artistic level, only the effect can best explain the problem, so I have to admit that Allen? Delong is the best tool to reflect Melville's inner world. As early as 1967, this point was praised and recognized all over the world in their co-authored Lonely Black Boy. Allen? With deep and restrained acting skills, Delong expressed the agile personality of the most important protagonist in Blood Ring, the thief Collet, and his lonely mood like a jungle tiger and a lone wolf. There is always a little lingering melancholy and sadness between his gestures. His coolness and composure are just right, and he exudes awesome personality charm. There is no doubt that "Jean-Pierre? Melville and Allen? Delong is definitely synonymous with the classic movie black.

In addition, in France, amphibious superstar Yves? In Meng Dang's sharpshooter Jean Sen, the director also tells us the story of a fallen man who overcame his demons through brotherhood and regained his dignity and self-confidence. The last three robbers were killed, which not only revealed the fatalistic theme of the film, but also revealed the intention that "honor, morality and friendship are far more precious than life".

Ma Tai, the old police chief who pursued all the way and resorted to unscrupulous means, is the main role of the opposing side of the underworld in the film, which also shows that the director's arrangement is of great significance. As the police chief, Matei is at the lower level in the state machine. He is a typical representative and concrete executor of the state machine that maintains politics, power and the rule of law. This not only plays the role of uploading and distributing, but also plays the role of getting a glimpse of the whole leopard. Matai, a conscientious and conscientious old police chief, has institutionalized his behavior and thoughts. Through the superficial characteristics of this kind man's demeanor, we realize that indifference is his most vivid portrayal, and unscrupulous means is his motto of success. It can be said that Matai, the old police chief, is not only a pawn and hound raised by the authorities, but also a symbol and epitome of fully embodying the authoritative system and safeguarding the interests of the authorities. In the whole film, only when the lonely man Mattei returns to his lonely home to stay with three cats (note: these cats are the only living things in Mattei's family except himself) can we feel the only breath of living in him. Bourvil, a famous French comedy artist who starred in "Escape from the Tiger's Mouth", completely broke through himself in the only dramatic role he played in his life, and completely transformed Mattei, an important role, into a vivid role, with remarkable acting skills.

At the same time, Melville only used a few strokes to explain the plot of the police interior minister who firmly believed that "everyone is guilty" secretly censored Sergeant Matei, exposing the white terror of the state machine and power institutions, the rude interference and suppression of individuals, and the original intention of democracy and freedom. At first, Mattei did not take this "evil theory of human nature" of the Minister of the Interior seriously. During the investigation, after the film finally killed three robbers, he asked the police minister of the interior who came to inspect the scene, "Everyone, right?" At that time, Matai nodded casually at this time, which was already recognized. The bitter ending of this film is meaningful and memorable.

By portraying the role of Matai, an old police chief who loves cats, and the secret censorship of Matai by the interior minister of the police headquarters who firmly believes that "everyone is guilty", Matai and his men used unscrupulous means by law enforcers to intimidate informers and ignore human lives to describe and refine collateral lines. Melville exposed the corruption, darkness and inhumanity caused by the authority of the ruling system and the machine of a powerful country from the side, and hit the nail on the head with the hypocrisy of democracy and freedom, which is equivalent to "my road has been curved, through a protected valley, branches and flowers, to a Buddhist retreat." Of course, in making these realistic and critical footnotes, Melville adopted the concept of "super-morality" and extremely plain and obscure techniques. The director did not add too much moral judgment to his works, and the characters in the film were not clearly marked, leaving the audience to think for themselves, which undoubtedly kept the great film noir master calm and detached.

Blood ring, with profound metaphor, shows Jean-Pierre? Melville's profound and incisive insight, combined with skillful directing techniques, describes the plot of multi-head development and multi-line overlap in the film in an orderly way, with overlapping waves and full of tension, and his directing skills are perfect. Coupled with the outstanding performance of a group of talented movie stars, unique picture composition, framing angle and lens scheduling, Blood Ring has become an extraordinary classic film noir masterpiece.