Construction rules of realistic photography

The so-called "golden rule" is to use the word "well" generated by straight lines on both sides of the photographic composition as the basis for dividing the picture. The positions of these four dividing lines should not only be used as ideal positions for placing objects in photos, but also their four intersections should be used as the visual focus of the whole picture to complete the structure of "interest center". In this way, the pictures of realistic photography works, especially landscape works, not only have no dull feeling, but also can improve the vitality of the pictures by "static braking"; On the contrary, if the subject or even the subject is placed in the central area of the picture to complete the visual image according to the habits of most people, the proportion of picture composition will not be so appropriate and beautiful.

Of course, in the process of realistic photography, the "golden section" line of the subjective clipping and visual knot of the world outside the mirror and its intersection point are all imaginary. Because photography language is a comprehensive static language, which is composed of lines, figures, brightness, color and other verbal elements, the "golden section" method should be used not only as the photographic basis of horizontal scene composition, but also as the photographic basis of depth of field and even color and light composition. In other words, a realistic photographic work should have two or more "golden sections". Their multi-dimensional symbiosis, coexistence and interweaving not only complete the materialized structure of visual part, external, three-dimensional and speech of a realistic photographic work, but also complete the semantic connection of photographer's emotional expression and cultural inheritance. "Triangle rule", that is, three-point composition method. Three points are not connected on a line to form a plane. In a realistic photographic work, the existence of plane is necessary. So how to construct a photographic plane? As shown in the figure:

Generally speaking, in natural scenery photography and portrait photography, it is easy to find two points that exist horizontally and vertically. It is difficult to find a third point that corresponds to it or even does not exist at all. This requires the photographer to leave the subject to find or artificially create a third point. Otherwise, the picture composition will lose its sense of plane, and it is impossible to complete the meaning fusion between words. In a realistic photographic work, the composition of triangular plane is pluralistic symbiosis, coexistence and interweaving. There is a sense of both lateral and depth of field; There are bright colors, colorful ones and so on. In a realistic photographic work, due to the objective existence of the golden section rule, there are naturally two diagonal lines crossing each other between the four intersections generated by the straight lines bisected on both sides of the picture. Therefore, it is particularly important to make good use of two diagonal lines to reflect the photographer's intention of picture construction and then complete the construction of semantic artistic conception.

It can be said that in a realistic photographic work, diagonal composition can not only help the photographer to complete the reasonable layout of the scene in the picture, but also make the picture visually have a certain sense of depth of field and aesthetic symmetry of color. People know that it is necessary to leave appropriate "heads in the sky" and "corners on the ground" on the manuscript as "flying white" places. Similarly, in a realistic photographic work, after the reasonable layout of the subject and its surrounding scenery is completed, it is necessary to leave a "blank" above or below the horizontal "golden section" line of the picture to arrange a picture space without specific images such as the sky or the earth. As shown in the figure:

"If you leave three points white, you will be angry." In a realistic photographic work, the use of blank pictures can not only set off and highlight the existence of the subject, but also complete the depiction of artistic conception and the rendering of atmosphere while creating the visual movement and spiritual drive of the picture. In a sense, photographic composition is the composition of camera lens. It is an effective symbol generation system and visual editing combination method that uses the imaging characteristics of camera lens and photographic modeling means to form a certain picture and show the cultural and aesthetic implications of the outside world. In a realistic photographic work, especially in a photographic work that conforms to the traditional aesthetic habits of the Chinese nation, a balanced and stable image is very necessary. This is because the balance and stability of the picture and even the tone can not only give people a sense of security and tranquility, but also give people a sense of fighting and symmetrical structure. As shown in the figure:

In short, in a realistic photographic work, the golden section rule, triangle rule, diagonal rule, top blank rule, motion blank rule and balance stability rule exist objectively. Only by making full use of these six basic principles of photographic composition can ordinary photographers grasp and construct the elements of a realistic photographic work and complete the discourse connection of images in a relatively simple and practical way.