What are the advantages of a total station compared with a theodolite?

The full-station electronic speed measuring instrument is a three-dimensional coordinate measurement system composed of electronic angle measurement, electronic distance measurement, electronic calculation and data storage units. It can automatically display measurement results and exchange information with peripheral devices. multifunctional measuring instrument. Because the instrument has relatively complete electronic integration of measurement and processing, it is usually called a total station electronic speed measuring instrument (Electronic Total Station) or simply a total station

The total station consists of the following two Most components:

l) Data collection equipment: mainly electronic angle measurement systems, electronic distance measurement systems, and automatic compensation equipment.

2) Microprocessor: The microprocessor is the core device of the total station. It is mainly composed of a central processing unit, a random access memory and a read-only memory. When measuring, the microprocessor operates according to the keyboard or program. The instructions control the measurement work of each subsystem, perform necessary logical and numerical operations, and digital storage, processing, management, transmission, display, etc.

With the development of computers and electronic distance measurement technology, the total station is a new generation instrument that combines modern electronic technology with optical theodolite and can measure both angles and distances. It is based on the electronic theodolite. The electronic distance measuring function is added to the instrument, so that the instrument can not only measure angles, but also distances, and can measure long distances, short times, and high precision. The full-station electronic speed measuring instrument is a three-dimensional coordinate measurement system composed of electronic angle measurement, electronic distance measurement, electronic calculation and data storage units. The measurement results can be automatically displayed and can exchange information with peripheral equipment. Since the full-station electronic speed tester has relatively completely realized the electronicization and integration of the measurement and processing processes, it is often called a full-station electronic speed tester or total station.

Theodolite

Theodolite is the mechanical part of the telescope that allows the telescope to point in different directions. The theodolite has two mutually perpendicular axes to adjust the azimuth and horizontal height of the telescope. This type of stand has a simple structure and low cost. It is mainly used with ground telescopes (for geodesy, bird watching, etc.). If it is used to observe celestial bodies, since the diurnal movement direction of celestial bodies is usually not perpendicular or parallel to the horizon, it needs to be rotated at the same time. Only by changing the rotation speed of two axes over time can you track celestial objects. However, other celestial objects in the field of view will rotate relative to the target celestial object. Unless a mechanism is added to offset the rotation of the field of view, it is not suitable for long-exposure astrophotography.

However, due to the development of electronic technology, the above problems have been solved, and theodolite can minimize the change of the space attitude when the telescope is pointed in different directions. Therefore, many large-aperture telescopes of professional observatories use theodolite to reduce the problem caused by Decrease in accuracy caused by mechanical deformation. Some astronomical enthusiasts even made their own astronomical telescopes specifically for low-magnification visual observation.

On some construction project sites, we will often see some technicians carrying an instrument for measurements. To do their work, the instrument they used was the theodolite. The initial invention of the theodolite was closely related to navigation. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, some developed countries such as Britain and France needed to draw various maps and charts due to navigation and war. The first method of drawing maps was triangulation, which is to find the position of a third point farther away based on the observations at two known points. However, there are often some differences between the map drawn in this way and the actual terrain. The invention of the theodolite greatly simplified the process of measurement and calculation, and also provided more accurate data for drawing maps. Later, theodolite was widely used in the measurement of various engineering constructions. The theodolite consists of three parts: a base, a horizontal dial and a sighting part. The base is used to support the entire instrument. A level dial is used to measure horizontal angles. There are telescopes, level tubes, reading devices, etc. on the sighting part.

The main function of the theodolite is to measure angles, which are divided into horizontal angles and vertical angles! Before there was a total station, it was also used for standing point stakeout! (Measure distance with a tape measure)

A total station is actually simply a level, a theodolite, a rangefinder + measurement software. Its appearance can be said to have greatly improved the work efficiency of surveyors! Its functions are in addition to theodolite and level (not completely Instead of a level, the accuracy of the level in measuring elevation cannot be replaced by any other instrument). In addition to its functions, it also has the functions of data collection and engineering stakeout