Two stone lions in front of Chengde Railway Station: A drifter's square is not your home.

1. Last year, an unexpected thing happened, which focused the world's attention on Malaysia. When people introduce the history of Malaysia, there is a saying that the Japanese have occupied this country for more than two years, and the buildings on the streets still have obvious traces left by the Japanese, and the people's living habits have also been influenced by the Japanese. 1942, 15 February, the Japanese army occupied Malaysia and surrendered to Japan, which should be exactly three and a half years. Seventy-five years have passed, and the legacy and influence of three and a half years are still there. It reminds people of the time when the Japanese occupied Chengde. On March 4th, 1933, the Japanese vanguard-128 cavalry occupied Chengde without bloodshed. By 1945, Japan surrendered and the Japanese army trampled on Chengde 12 and a half years. Traces of Japanese in Chengde can be seen everywhere. Among them, the two stone lions that were greeted every day in front of Chengde Railway Station were smashed by the Japanese that year. Decades of wind and rain have devastated pedestrians, and now two lions are scarred. Wanderer train station square, that's not your home. 2.65438 to 0893, Russian Mongolian scholar Pozder Nieev and Russian traveler General Ade Putiata came to Chengde and took many photos, so they were called the first people to take photos of Chengde. At that time, there was no railway station in Chengde, and two men saw the two stone lions, still where he should be-Jehol Kaobang. The examination shed is the examination room for the official examination and the rural examination in Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty attached great importance to education. In the institutional setup of the Qing Dynasty, the experimental shed was as important as temples, yamen and military camps. In other words, schools (test sites) are as important as office buildings, and no matter how poor they are, they cannot be poor in education. There is such a record in Sun Watch written by Tang Zanjun: In the 11th year of Guangxu, Taiwan Province Province was changed into a provincial capital. But it is built between weeds and weeds, and it is also the provincial capital. All the temples used for sacrificial ceremonies, offices of civil and military officials, experimental sheds for testing things, and barracks for soldiers and brave soldiers are indispensable. Chengde has no city. After the completion of the summer resort, the residents here have increased one after another. In May of the forty-fourth year of Qianlong, Emperor Qianlong said: It has been more than sixty years since the emperor's ancestors built villas in Jehol, and every household has grown day by day, plowing and farming, just like a metropolis. After a hundred years, the ritual music will flourish, which is the right time. Prior to this, he repeatedly ordered to care about the cultural and educational undertakings in Chengde. In October of the forty-first year of Qianlong, the Ministry of Rites approved the establishment of Gong Xue in Jehol. The report said: "Six literate children and four military boys were admitted from the former Chengde prefecture. At that time, only two children in Kalach Tun took the exam. Today's seven halls are spacious and crowded, which has increased several times than before. Therefore, the amount should be increased flexibly. Because there are too few candidates, it is very inconvenient for Chengde candidates to take the exam in Miyun Tongzhou. " In the future, there will be more and more people. Do you want to build a test shed in Jehol and ask for instructions? ".This is the first time that Chengde proposed to set up an examination room. Don't hesitate to do what you say. After all, it was the second political center of the Qing Dynasty, so it was very easy to go to some projects. Records of the Jehol recorded in Qin Dynasty: In December of the forty-second year of Qianlong, Zhou Yuanli, governor of Zhili, authorized Liu Hao to supervise the repair of the Jehol shed. This is the second year that this question has been raised. Yin Zhong, an old man in Chengde, wrote this when describing the Jehol experimental shed: The Jehol experimental shed is located on the west side of the former Chengde government yamen, and the building is located in the north of Yulu Road on West Street, and the first road is downstairs to the west side of the hometown hutong. The experimental shed is a group of buildings facing south, adjacent to the summer resort. The courtyard is divided into four floors. In addition to the examination room, there are also lecture rooms and official residences, including Longmen, Yingbi, Wuling and Six Beasts. Special mention: there are a pair of stone lions on each side of the wall. After the abolition of the imperial examination in the late Qing Dynasty, Kaobang House became the school building of Jehol Middle School, and during the Republic of China, it was a three-year Jehol Provincial Middle School. During the Puppet Manchukuo period, from 65438 to 0938, it was changed to Chengde National High School in Jehol Province, which was a four-year business school. So, the bad luck of these two pairs of stone lions came. 4. Chengde National High School belongs to the Ministry of Culture and Education of Pseudojehol Province, and its graduates can be promoted to institutions of higher learning in PseudoManchukuo, such as Jianguo University, Military Academy and Jilin Normal University. Now it seems equivalent to continuous reading in junior high school. School from restructuring to liberation * * * eight years, in the school leadership, China as the chief, Japanese as a deputy, including vice president, but in fact, school affairs or deputy in charge. Shawanchuan, a native of Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia, was studying here at that time. According to his memory, the first vice president of the school was Masao Yamaguchi, the second was Yasunari Kawabata of Masahito, the third was Kiyoshi Kawashima, he had studied in China for three years, and the fourth was XX of Ren Xiaolin. 194 1, the school expanded the playground and campus, allowing students to dig a mountain behind the playground and remove the screen wall. In this way, these two stone lions are directly exposed to everyone's eyes. So, someone started the idea of testing the stone lion in front of the shed. 5. Return to Chengde Railway Station. Bai Shouyi wrote about the South Manchuria Railway run by the Japanese and the Middle East Railway run by the Russians in "Traffic History of China" ... From Guangxu period to the September 18th Incident, Middle East Road and South Manchuria Road expressed the struggle between the two countries in the three northeastern provinces. 1933 after the Japanese army occupied the Jehol, the Japanese puppet Manchukuo Railway Bureau was responsible for the design and construction. 1936, Jinzhou-Chengde-Jincheng railway runs through, and two years later, Jingcheng line runs through. When Chengde Station was opened, it was a special third-class first-class station, covering an area of 230,000 square meters, with 1 10,000 square meters in front of the station and two passenger platforms. The square is big and magnificent, but the stationmaster in Japan always feels that there are shortcomings. Yang Limin, a photographer working in the railway in Chengde, told me that the Japanese stationmaster of the railway station had a good personal relationship with the Japanese vice president of Chengde National Middle School. One night, they were drinking at school. At that time, the school had implemented semi-military management, and urged students to have exercises, * * * and training several times a day. The school's * * * is not very particular. I don't know if it's broken iron or something. Anyway, it's not nice, obviously not serious. The stationmaster of Japan said, I'll give you a copper bell on a train locomotive, which is very loud. As a signal of student activities, you give me two stone lions at the school gate, and I put them in front of the station. The vice principal of Japan agreed. This is the summer of 194 1. 6. That year, Yin Zhong 16 years old. He witnessed the whole process of transporting lions. 1941In late May, after the Japanese repaired Chengde Railway Station, they decided to carry the Shishi to the railway station. It is said to be the two largest stone lions in Chengde. Because the stone lion is huge and too heavy, the porter adopted the method of adding rolling wood under the stone lion and prying it up a little with a crowbar. Later, it was suggested that two rails should be laid in front and logs should be added. On the day of departure, many people came to see twenty or thirty people shouting slogans and laboriously moving two huge stone lions in the street. For a time, "lions strolling the streets" became a scene on the streets of Chengde. It took about two months to invite two stone lions to Chengde Railway Station. I almost broke the bridge when crossing Chengde Bridge. 7. Thinking about history often makes people sigh. During the Japanese occupation, these two stone lions in their 240 s guarded the railway station under the age of 80, and will continue to do so. Due to the geographical jurisdiction, all railway stations in China are the most complicated places in the city. No matter the composition of people coming and going, the sanitary environment of the square and the parking of vehicles, it is the most difficult to manage. It is also a long-standing problem. So after staying in this messy place for decades, the two lions are already devastated and covered in injuries. It hurts when you look at it. 1948, on the eve of the liberation of Chengde, the * * * army built fortifications, demolished houses in Kaobang, Jehol, and cut down trees, completely destroying this cultural and ancient building complex that has gone through 170 years. Subsequently, with the transformation of the city, the Jehol experimental shed disappeared and only remained in the text. Two stone lions in the railway station square are like duckweeds. I can't go back completely.