Studio knowledge

Under different economic systems, social environments and production conditions, studios of different forms and sizes may be formed. So what other relevant knowledge does the studio have? Let me introduce you to the details of the studio.

First of all, what is a studio:

Many friends may still be vague about the concept of film studio. They think that at least one room and professional equipment such as soft box or flash can be regarded as a film studio. In fact, there are many kinds of film studios. For example, a small desk lamp and a few sheets of white paper at home can actually form a studio to shoot small things. Generally speaking, a small environment with artificial light can be called a studio. The two small desk lamps you use can also be called studio lamps as long as the effect comes out.

Classification of room lights

I think studio lighting can be basically divided into two categories, flash and continuous light source.

Since you may know less about continuous light, let me briefly introduce continuous light source.

In most people's impression, studio light refers to studio flash. In fact, from the perspective of history and effect, it is not true that the light of the studio is always ahead. The earliest studio lighting was continuous light, but the intensity of continuous light was too small to provide enough brightness for most pictures. Especially in the case of high-speed movement or small aperture, artificial continuous light is not competent. In fact, a photo only needs the flash when the shutter is pressed, which is the intensity of the flash. Hillas used flash for the first time, and studio lighting gradually entered the flash industry.

However, in recent years, due to the development of technology and the appearance of tricolor lamps, HMI LED LED, high-intensity continuous light has become possible and widely used in film shooting, and in the field of commercial photography, continuous light has occupied the market early.

The biggest advantage of continuous light lies in him? What you see is what you get? Secondly, it is much better than the flash in the stability and quality of light.

A professional photographer, without using an exposure meter, may take a wrong picture at the moment of flashing, or the aperture is uncertain. For continuous light, even children who can only take pictures with their mobile phones can get good results in good light.

So for some beginners who want to take indoor portraits or small commodities, I advise you to spend hundreds to thousands of dollars to set up a small three-color lamp studio. This effect is far faster than spending hundreds or thousands of dollars to upgrade the camera or lens. It can be said that there is no difference between 1000 and 1500, but the effect of 1000 camera +500 small studio is definitely far stronger than that of 1500 camera. This is another story, let's continue to watch the continuous light.

However, for scenes requiring high-intensity lighting, if continuous light is used, the cost will be much higher than that of flash.

High-intensity continuous light mainly includes HMI and HQI, which are called electronic dysprosium lamp and dysprosium lamp in China.

Tens of thousands of watts of dysprosium lamps are expensive, of course, they also consume a lot of electricity, but they can be used to illuminate large scenes, such as shooting buildings at night, or some grand scenes. Nowadays, many photographers use it to shoot cars.

If flash is used to achieve this, first, the power is difficult to reach that high, second, the flash is likely to annihilate some light sources on the scene, and third, it is very difficult to distribute light because of the invisibility of the final effect.

Classification of continuous light studio lamps:

Generally can be divided into:

1 First introduce the tricolor lamp:

Generally speaking, there are two kinds of tricolor lights.

One is an energy-saving light bulb similar to household, with different power, ranging from 28w to 200w.

Because this kind of energy-saving lamp is energy-saving, with low calorific value, high frequency, accurate color temperature, high brightness and lowest cost, it is most suitable for photographing small commodities or group models.

The brightness of tricolor lamps is generally 26W, which is equivalent to the brightness of 100W incandescent lamps.

The fundamental difference between it and household light bulbs lies in the different color temperatures. The average household color temperature is 6500K, but we generally choose 5000k, 5400k or 5500k white tricolor bulbs. There are many products on the market that sell dog meat by hanging sheep's heads, full of cheap household light bulbs. Due to the high price of color temperature meter, it is recommended to buy well-known products. )

In the early days, there were only two metal covers, which were often used in conjunction with sheds.

Most products of new energy-saving lamps are equipped with various soft boxes or soft cloths. And most of them are high-power light bulbs, and then three, four or even unlimited ones are connected in series. Therefore, the large-scale professional energy-saving lamp studio lamp is also very suitable for taking portraits, especially when a large number of photographers such as exhibitions gather.

For novices, shopkeepers, or friends who often need to hold movie friends' parties, this room light is the best choice.

For this kind of lamp, there are generally visible brands in the market.

Jinbei, Golden Eagle, Nanguang, U2 and so on.

The better brands abroad are

Baorong Bowens (created many series), Konova (bulb color temperature is particularly accurate, products are very distinctive), Photoflex (with world-class professional guidance), COOLLIGHT (more humanized suit). ) and so on

The other is cathode fluorescent lamp tricolor lamp.

This kind of lamp was originally introduced from movie lights.

It was widely used in small scene lighting when shooting, so it was immediately introduced into the studio market.

The characteristics of this kind of lamp are similar to those of the energy-saving lamp above. Its advantages are brighter fluorescent lamps and more uniform light. The brightness of 100W is about the same as that of an incandescent lamp, and good results can be achieved without soft cloth or simple soft light method.

When choosing this tricolor lamp, you should pay attention to the tube of Osram owned by Siemens. If you take pictures, use 954 to represent the color temperature of 5400k ... If you need yellow light, you can choose the color temperature of 930 3000k.

In addition, the technical difference lies in the rectifier. Generally speaking, imported rectifiers are superior to domestic rectifiers in voltage drop and frequency control.

But if your shooting speed is lower than 1/200, there is little difference between domestic and imported rectifiers.

The main brands on the market are

Nan Guang, Kooky, etc.

Foreign brands mainly include Konova, Amnova, Keno and ARRI. (Keno and ARRI are very expensive, mainly for filming)

2. Next, quartz lamp/halogen lamps are introduced.

Halogen lamps have longer life than ordinary bulbs, save electricity 10%-20%, and are small in size.

Quartz lamp is a non-professional name for lamps made of timely glass bulbs, including halogen lamps and other kinds of lamps.

Many common halogen lamps are used as glass shells.

In terms of studio lighting, domestic major manufacturers basically have such products. The power is about1000 w.

It can basically adjust the intensity of light. Can also be equipped with a special soft box.

Red headlights used in other movies and TV shows are also a good choice. Small size, domestic price is cheaper than photography. There are also blades for adjusting the range. Some manufacturers have produced supporting soft boxes.

It is worth mentioning that in some products, halogen lamps are also used to make styling bulbs. For example, some high-end products such as ACE flash and Aurora flash all use 1000w halogen bulbs as styling lamps, and Profoto's high-end outdoor lamps also have 500W styling bulbs. Most of these products have lamp glass covers for adjusting color temperature and heat insulation.

The biggest disadvantage of halogen lamp is its high temperature, which requires the use of metal chuck and special soft box. In addition, the soft box has good heat dissipation, and it is best not to use it for children, which may easily lead to burns.

The color temperature of halogen lamp is about 3200k, which belongs to yellow light, and white light is often used to decorate or set off the atmosphere. Some also want to add special artistic effects.

Almost every family produces this kind of lamp. It should be noted that due to the limited life of halogen bulbs, it is best to buy products of Philips or Osram tubes. In addition, it is best to have a cooling fan or all-metal material in the lamp body.

China has done better.

Meitu, Golden Eagle, Kooky and so on.

3. Man-machine interface, HQI and Fresnel

In China, it is called sun lamp, high frequency electroluminescence, electronic dysprosium lamp, dysprosium lamp and spotlight. These lamps are relatively expensive and consume a lot of energy, so they are far from the amateur level.

HQI is relatively cheap and can be widely used, but it has a certain preheating time.

HMI generally has a huge external rectifier (some built-in rectifiers), and the volume changes with the increase of power.

The advantage of their application in the studio is that they can provide a white (5500k) high-frequency and high-intensity light source, which is the most ideal studio lamp at this stage.

To achieve professional photography? What you see is what you get? Therefore, many friends will use such lights a lot when taking pictures of cars (especially on location).

This kind of lamp is rarely sold in the domestic photography industry.

Yongjiang sells FRENSEL.

ARRI is famous abroad, and Haenszel also produces this kind of lamp.

4. LED light source.

This kind of lamp will be the most ideal popular indoor lighting source in the future.

It has the characteristics of small volume, low cost, high strength and low energy consumption, and the failure rate of LED is low, and the life span of each LED particle is tens of thousands of hours.

In the future, a large part of studio light sources will be replaced by LED lighting. But the current LED lighting is still immature. The main reason is that the color temperature of LED particles is difficult to control and the cost is relatively high. It is not mature in the circuit.

In addition, few manufacturers are still in the experimental stage.

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