What are the basic methods of photography angle?

The shooting angle refers to the relationship between the shooting point and the horizontal height of the object being photographed.

The choice of shooting angle is reflected in the change of the horizon on the photo screen and the plane structure of the subject. The height of the shooting position on the vertical line is determined by the choice of angle to meet the needs of shaping the image of the subject and expressing the theme.

In daily life, when we observe various objects at different heights, we often adopt three methods: looking up at the same height, looking up at the higher height and looking down at the lower height. If you look up, down and down at the same object, you can see the three-dimensional effects of three different structures: vertical surface, bottom surface and top surface. If the portrait of the same person is shot in the same environment, the head-up angle can show the normal face shape of the person, the horizon is in an appropriate position under the head of the person, and the background is half the world; The look-up angle takes the sky as the background, showing the height of the characters, while the horizon is pushed down to the outside of the picture; The overhead viewing angle produces a head-down viewing angle, which makes the head big and the body small. The horizon rises to the top of the picture, with water and ground as the background.

Three visual phenomena of observing different heights of objects in life are applied to the practice of photography creation to form three modeling effects: Ping She angle, upper angle and lower angle.

① Ping She pt.

The shooting point and the shooting object are on the same horizontal line, and they are shot at a head-up angle, which is called Ping She angle.

The picture effect formed by Ping She Angle is close to people's visual habit of observing things, and the sense of perspective formed is relatively normal, and the subject will not be distorted and damaged due to perspective deformation. Therefore, this method from the perspective of Ping She is widely used in photography practice, and it is relatively fast and convenient to use.

In portrait photography, all half-length bareheaded photos used in ID cards and work permits should be taken from the perspective of Ping She and frontal composition; In other portrait photos, Ping She angle is also the majority. Anyone with normal facial structure should usually use Ping She Angle, which can make the facial features with regular features better represented. Portraits taken from this angle are easy to cause emotional communication with the audience and have a feeling of approachability.

The shooting method of Ping She angle is suitable for objects with obvious line structure or regular pattern, and the normal structure of lines and patterns will not be destroyed due to perspective deformation. Any remake of some flat files or something like that needs to be shot from the perspective of Ping She.

The defect and deficiency of Ping She angle is that it often compresses all kinds of scenery before and after under the same horizontal line, lacking the effect of spatial perspective, which is not conducive to the expression of layering.

② upward angle

The shooting point is lower than the subject, and the object in a higher position is shot at a look-up angle, which is called a look-up angle.

The apparent horizon of elevation angle is low. If you shoot all kinds of outdoor scenes at elevation, you can create an extremely low horizon or horizontal line in the picture, so that the messy background can be hidden below the lower horizon. As the background, the sky occupies a considerable area in the picture, with high foreground and prominent subject, which can change the natural proportion of the scenery before and after and produce an abnormal perspective effect.

In sports and stage photography, in order to emphasize the jumping height of some athletes and dancers, it is very effective to adopt a lower shooting point angle. This low angle can greatly exaggerate the limited jumping height of the subject and form a visual effect of flying high.

Shooting some upright objects and tall buildings from an upward angle can get the effect of standing upright and piercing the blue sky; Shooting some scenes with people's activities can get a dynamic and exciting effect.

In portrait photography, elevation can not only highlight the height of the figure, but also correct and make up for some facial defects, such as the width of the bottom or the small ratio of chin to mouth.

When shooting from an upward angle, the elevation angle is related to the distance. The closer the distance, the greater the elevation angle. The farther the distance, the smaller the elevation angle. According to the specific conditions of different subjects, choosing the appropriate elevation angle can enhance the expressive force of photographic composition. If the tilt angle is not used properly, it is easy to cause serious deformation or make the upright object fall backwards. This composition effect will damage the normal image of the subject.

③ prone angle

The shooting point is higher than the subject, and the object at a lower position is shot at a overlooking angle, which is called the overlooking angle.

The apparent horizon of aerial view is relatively high. If you shoot a scene with a horizon from a bird's eye view, the horizon is often placed above the picture, the ground scene occupies most of the picture, and the sky often occupies only one line. In some cases, when the overhead angle is high, the whole picture is completely occupied by the ground, and the sky and horizon disappear completely on the picture. In the picture taken from the top of the head, the main characters or scenery are small compared with the vast space. It's like climbing the top of Mount Tai and looking around. It feels like "all other mountains are dwarfed under the sky." .

But you only need to go up one flight of stairs, and you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles. If you want to show a wider scene on the photo screen, you need to raise the shooting point as much as possible. The shooting point rises into the air, commonly known as aerial photography, referred to as aerial photography. The picture formed by aerial photography can make the far and near scenes unfold from top to bottom, show the sense of natural space to the maximum extent, and clearly explain the complete concept of the overall environment and geographical location. The overhead angle formed by aerial photography is generally called a bird's eye view.

The vertex angle is suitable for expressing scale and momentum, and can show great spatial effect. It is suitable for showing the vast Yuan Ye, large-scale economic construction scenes and spectacular mass gatherings. In sports and cultural performances, vertex angles are often used to show beautiful pattern effects, or to set off the subject's posture with a purified background.

In figure photography, improper application of the overhead angle will make the image of the figure ugly. Generally speaking, it is not suitable for taking portraits of people with normal facial structure at a large overlooking angle. Exceptions can be made under special circumstances. We can shoot individual people with narrow faces and wide faces from the perspective of near big and far small, and we can properly correct and make up for their facial defects, so as to obtain the effect of normal facial structure.

The shooting angle is produced according to the change of shooting point, and different shooting angles have different expressive force. In photography practice, according to the image characteristics of the subject and the photographer's creative requirements, we should choose to use various shooting angles to create an expressive artistic modelling technique and an ideal composition form.

"Looking horizontally, the ridge edge becomes a peak, and the distance is different." The choice of shooting point can not be separated from three elements: distance, orientation and angle, which restrict and complement each other. As summarized in Su Dongpo's quip, if you look at any landscape horizontally or horizontally and observe it at different distances or heights, you can get the impression that it is a mountain or a peak. In photography creation, the composition form of the photo picture formed by choosing different shooting points is ever-changing. Among these "changes", one thing remains unchanged, that is, the choice of shooting point must meet the objective and practical needs and the photographer's creative intention. Only in this way can the author's experience, understanding, evaluation and emotional color of the objective world be expressed through the novel composition form formed by appropriate shooting points.

Finally, we can draw a conclusion: excellent photographic works depend on distinct themes and perfect composition forms; The perfect composition form depends on the choice of shooting point; The ideal shooting point depends on three elements: distance and orientation.