How to make a good composition?

Photography is a visual art, which has the same characteristics as fine arts and other visual arts. However, photography has its own unique language in artistic expression. Photography is to create works by using camera as a tool and using photographic techniques and techniques. A successful photographic work should not only have a good theme and creativity, but also pay attention to the photographic modeling elements such as composition, lighting, tone and exposure, as well as various post-production skills in darkroom development, which constitute the characteristics of photographic art. Composition is the processing and arrangement of picture shapes. In essence, it is to solve the internal relations and spatial relations between various elements on the screen, and organize them organically on a screen to form a unified whole. Therefore, for photographers, composition is an important link in the process of transforming natural "shape" into artistic "shape", focusing on conception and concrete expression methods. Although both photographic composition and painting composition adopt "plane composition method" and both use two-dimensional space to express three-dimensional space, there are great differences in composition methods and procedures. By comparison, we can find the special laws of photographic composition. Painting is first and foremost a design composition-subjective; Photography is to choose composition first-to be objective. Painting composition can be subjectively selected and created according to the designed composition; The composition of photography needs to be directly composed by camera viewfinder and lens, which is objective and appropriate. So: "Painting is additive composition, and photography is subtraction composition". This shows that photography and painting are qualitatively different in composition selection. Photographic composition is completed through several procedures: framing-cutting-cutting again. Shooting is the main procedure of composition, which is determined by photographic equipment. Re-cutting is the second composition, depending on the results of the previous two procedures. Due to the influence of various reasons during shooting, it is difficult to achieve the ideal picture effect for the first composition, so it is a powerful "remedial" measure to carry out the second artistic processing by cutting means and make necessary corrections to the original composition. Photography is "painting" on the spot. It must first explore the line, shape, appearance, texture and other composition elements of the subject, so as to fully use the technical means of photography to complete the task of photographic composition. Lines-Our world is full of lines, and different lines evoke different emotional reactions. The horizontal line symbolizes tranquility; Vertical lines represent arrogance and dignity; Slant lines can cause a feeling of movement or speed. In short, lines have visual components, and thick lines are more powerful than thin lines. Shape-shape is the most basic element in composition. Line is the basic condition of shape, and shape is a closed curve. Square and rectangle are closed by four straight lines, giving people a sense of stability and sureness. Three straight lines are closed to form a triangle. The pyramid triangle gives people the impression of enduring endurance, stable weight and strong advantages. The inverted pyramid triangle is often used to symbolize water, plant growth and music. When the ends of curves are connected together, a vortex or circle is created. Because any point on the circle keeps a fixed distance from the center of the circle, there is no more figurative shape than the circle in nature and art. It represents the sun, the moon, the earth and so on. It inspires a sense of wholeness, wholeness, perfection and warmth. Appearance-the contrast between dark areas and dark areas in photometry is called appearance. The difference between appearance and shape is that the main body of appearance is a three-dimensional space, while the main body of shape is a two-dimensional space. Appearance can make people feel the depth and believe that there is a real world in three-dimensional space. Light, shadow and depth are the appearance conditions of the subject. Texture-the composition that highlights the texture performance is easy to arouse the audience's * * *. By revealing the nature and texture characteristics of the subject, such as wet water, cold ice, finely carved glass, rough skin of the elderly, delicate skin of children, etc., the viewer is touched and associated. There are many different compositions in the works handed down by outstanding artists at all times and in all countries. However, the composition is ever-changing, but there are rules to follow. "There are changes, but not chaos; Orderly, but not monotonous. " This is the general principle of plane composition. Balance is the general rule of composition. The balance of photographic composition refers to the harmony of lines, tones and colors. A balanced picture makes people feel stable, comfortable and natural. Rhythm and prosody are one of the important components of photographic composition and the soul of composition. It is the orderly repetition, alternation and change of lines, shapes, tones and colors of the picture. Rhythm is the regular repetition of things, and rhythm is the rhythm with "emotional appeal". Rhythm is a concrete thing, and rhythm is an abstract meaning. Perfect rhythm naturally produces rhythm, and rhythm is a higher level rhythm. As a contrast technique, contrast can make the main image features more prominent, strongly stimulate the vision and deepen the impression. Contrast, with the combination of opposing factors to create a strong sense of contrast, can produce a good aesthetic effect. The so-called "complementary opposites". Concrete and exaggerated. The so-called singularity means that there are changes in unity. Only the simple unity of the picture can make people feel unremarkable, and the clever use of special energy can make the picture come alive and form an interesting center. And make the picture feel active from tranquility and change from simplicity. Exaggeration refers to the breakthrough of the original concept in space and time, which deviates from the natural formation and the usual standards. Photography With the progress of modern science and technology, the appearance and use of various special lenses, filters and additional lenses, the improvement of darkroom technology and the improvement of post-production technology such as computers, exaggeration, an artistic expression, has become a common technique in photographic composition. However, the photos