What are the characteristics of Suzhou embroidery? Fine stitches and elegant colors.

Throughout the ages, there is a kind of embroidery in China's profound traditional culture. Suzhou embroidery in embroidery has always been deeply loved by people, so this traditional folk art has been passed down to this day. Suzhou embroidery is famous for its exquisite stitches and elegant colors.

Suzhou embroidery is fondle admiringly because of its varieties, shapes, patterns, painting methods, stitches, embroidery, colors, techniques and mounting, and the use of stitches is the language that constitutes various artistic images of embroidery. Xuee Embroidery Manual, which was dictated by Shen Shou and recorded by Zhang Jian, collected his life's experience in embroidery techniques and summarized 18 kinds of stitches, which have now grown to 43 kinds through the efforts of later generations.

The basic acupuncture methods are: Qi Zhen, forward grasping, reverse grasping, overlapping grasping, flat sleeves, loose sleeves, sleeves, splitting and needling, needle application, needle extraction, needle roller, needle cutting, braid strand, shuttle pull, Ping Jin, metal sheet, stamping, knot, tail pull, feather needle, velvet, plaid brocade, knitting, and feather needle.

There are five kinds of auxiliary needling methods: needling, spreading, pilling, spinning and scraping. There are six kinds of embroidery methods: overlapping embroidery, threading beads, curtain embroidery, nail embroidery, sticking silk, virtual and real needles, etc. In the process of appreciating embroidery, artists often use a variety of stitches to better express the morphological characteristics of objects.

For example, to embroider a cat, the wool should be needled, the eyes and whites of the eyes should be needled, and the beard and eyes should be needled. Through the flexible use of needles, embroidered objects can be lifelike and lifelike.

Among the numerous stitches in Suzhou embroidery, the disorderly stitch embroidery has sprung up suddenly, and artists have created many excellent works by using this stitch. Miscellaneous embroidery, also known as "positive embroidery", was founded by Yang Shouyu, a modern embroidery artist, when she was teaching in a regular women's vocational school in 1930s.

This stitch method has changed the traditional embroidery method of "closely connecting its needles and arranging its threads". It uses long and short cross lines and layered coloring to express the picture, which is especially suitable for embroidery of works with oil painting, sketch and photography as manuscripts, and its artistic effect is particularly textured. After being taught and popularized by famous Suzhou embroidery masters such as Zhou Youxian, Ren Jixian, Zhu Feng and Yang Shouyu, the disorderly needle embroidery has become one of the main embroidery types in Suzhou embroidery.

His works include Lenin by the Lasliffe River, The Statue of Qi Baishi, Tiger Hill and Smoke. On the basis of random needle embroidery, innovative embroidery techniques such as virtual and real random needle embroidery, double-sided random needle embroidery, double-sided different needle embroidery and double-sided different needle embroidery (double-sided and three-sided different needle embroidery) have been developed, which has raised the random needle embroidery technique to a new height.

Suzhou embroidery also has a kind of "coil embroidery", in which the gold thread is coiled and the silk thread is nailed horizontally, so it is also called "nail embroidery". Mainly used for embroidery of dragon robes, official uniforms, dresses, cheongsam, dragons and phoenixes, landscapes, flowers and other decorative patterns. The works are gorgeous and elegant.

In its heyday, there were thousands of embroidered mothers engaged in Panjin embroidery in the villages around Suzhou. Up to now, there are still more than 400 old artists processing clothes and decorating flowers for Guangdong, Singapore and other places in chang qiao zhen Xinnan Village. Young people are unwilling to learn this art because it is boring and the salary is low. Panjin embroidery has become a trend of lack of successors.

The technical characteristics of Suzhou embroidery can be roughly summarized as "flat (flat embroidery surface), neat (neat stitch), thin (fine embroidery thread), dense (tight silk thread arrangement), harmonious (harmonious color), smooth (smooth silk thread), smooth (bright color) and even (uniform leather head)", which is different from embroidery in other areas of China.

There are many kinds of Suzhou embroidery, which can be divided into two categories. One is daily necessities. There are daily necessities, such as wallet bags, seasoning bags, glasses bags, folding fan bags, business card bags, pockets, round fans, mirror covers, small pendants and so on. There are clothing, shoes and hats, such as shawls, cheongsam, skirts, vests, bibs, shirts, tiger-headed shoes, tiger-headed hats, as well as Japanese kimonos and hanbok.

There are indoor products, such as quilt cover, pillowcase, desk circumference, chair seat, chair cushion, door curtain, tablecloth, sofa cushion, electric fan cover, TV cover, air conditioning cover and so on. And other supplies such as official clothing supplements, car accessories, costumes, shroud and so on. Traditional daily necessities patterns have the characteristics of prominent pattern structure center, exaggerated plastic arts and strong decorative meaning.

The common forms are single corner flower, diagonal flower, four corner flower, a group of four corner flowers, full bottom flower and so on. In terms of color, Suzhou embroidery has always paid attention to beauty, quietness and color with things, which is flashy but not gorgeous, which is one of the important characteristics that distinguish it from other embroidery. This is consistent with Suzhou people's love for simple and elegant living habits, and is also closely related to the exquisite and elegant characteristics of Suzhou embroidery.

The second is appreciation. There are ornaments (long, square and round table screens) and pendants (pictures, vertical shafts, lenses, nave, couplets, etc.). ), vertical bar (single screen, folding screen, etc. ) and photo album pages. Its subject matter is extensive, including landscapes, figures, flowers and birds, animals, still life, calligraphy and decorative patterns.

The most famous masterpieces in appreciation are Kitten and Goldfish. In order to vividly show the fluffy hair and expression of kittens, embroidery workers not only need thousands of stitches, but also must pay great attention to the use of colors. As far as a small cat's eye is concerned, it needs more than 20 colors of lines according to the different light-receiving parts of the pupil to embroider the cat's eye.

1986, at the 6th plovdiv International Spring Expo held in Bulgaria, a piece of Shuang Mianxiu's Maomao exhibited by Suzhou Embroidery Factory won the gold medal. Embroidering goldfish, in order to show the transparent texture of goldfish tail, embroidery workers often have to "split" a silk thread as thick as a hair into 48 pieces to embroider, and the embroidered goldfish is superb, just like swimming in the water, giving people beautiful enjoyment.

From 65438 to 0984, a Shuang Mianxiu goldfish exhibited by Suzhou Embroidery Research Institute won the gold medal at the 56th Poznan International Expo.

Suzhou embroidery, as an ancient art that has been spread for thousands of years, has played an important role in beautifying people's lives in all previous dynasties. 1986 10, Suzhou established the China Suzhou Embroidery Art Museum in Minglou Ancestral Hall of Jingde Road, displaying more than 200 embroideries from the Han Dynasty to the present.

Among them are Suzhou embroidery, embroidery pieces, scriptures, wallets and other daily necessities (some of which are replicas) unearthed from Rebecca Tomb in Dabaotai, Beijing, No.1 Han Tomb in Mawangdui, Changsha, Hunan, and Huqiu, Suzhou. There are silk clothes made in Suzhou by Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty, embroidered "Bai Zi clothes" for filial piety to the empress and royal clothes of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty.

There are/kloc-embroidery albums by Han Ximeng, a famous embroidery artist in the 7th century, simulated embroidery by Shen Shou, a Suzhou embroidery artist in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and modern works such as Shuang Mianxiu with different colors and Shuang Mianxiu with different stitches, which have become important windows to show the history and fine works of Suzhou embroidery and are welcomed by people. The Chinese Embroidery Art Museum was built in Zhenhu, the birthplace of Suzhou embroidery.