Shandong Normal University freshman drama, film and television literature major final exam questions for each subject

Analysis of real questions and answers of Shandong Normal University Drama, Film and Television Literature Examination

1: Literary and Art Knowledge Paper

1. Fill in the blanks

2. my country The award named after the playwright is the Cao Yu Drama Literature Award.

3. 2011 is the 130th anniversary of Lu Xun’s birth.

4. Peacock dance is the national dance of the Dai people.

5. The five major palaces are the Forbidden City, the Kremlin, Versailles, Buckingham Palace, and the White House.

5. There is a work in which classics scholars see "Yi", Taoists see prostitution, talents see lingering, revolutionaries see rows, and gossips see the secrets of the palace. This is "A Dream of Red Mansions".

6. The highest film award issued by the government is the Huabiao Award.

7. The person known as the "King of Rock and Roll" in the United States is Elvis Presley.

8. "The Twelve Sainaim" is from the Uyghur people.

9. "Crazy Stone" is the work of sixth-generation director Ning Hao.

10. The painter who is best at painting horses in my country is Xu Beihong.

2. Explanation of nouns (Three Unities and Romanticism are topics just discussed on February 11)

1. Three Unities

Trinity Law (three unities) is one of the Western drama structure theories, also known as "three unities". is a rule about dramatic structure. It was first proposed by Italian drama theorists during the Renaissance, and later determined and promoted by French classicist dramatists. Drama creation is required to maintain consistency between time, place and plot. That is to say, the story narrated in a play is required to take place within one day (day and night), the location is in one scene, and the plot is subordinate to one theme. The French classical theater theorist Boileau explained it as "a story that needs to be completed in one place and in one day to keep the stage full from the beginning to the end."

2. Mao Dun

< p>Mao Dun (July 4, 1896 - March 27, 1981), whose original name was Shen Dehong and whose courtesy name was Yan Bing. Han nationality, native of Tongxiang, Zhejiang. A famous modern Chinese writer, literary critic, cultural activist and social activist, one of the pioneers of the May 4th New Culture Movement and one of the founders of my country's revolutionary literature and art. Born on July 4, 1896 in Wuzhen, Tongxiang County, Zhejiang Province. This is a land of plenty in the south of Taihu Lake. It is the most developed agricultural area in China in modern times. It is adjacent to modern Shanghai and is a place where humanities gather. This is where Mao Dun has the courage to face the world and his open cultural mentality, as well as his exquisite writing style. . During the period of the "Cultural Revolution", after a little stability, he secretly wrote the "continuation" of "Frost Leaves Are Red Like February Flowers" and the memoir "The Road I Traveled". Mao Dun passed away on March 27, 1981.

3. Close-up shot

A headshot or other part of the subject in which the lower border of the picture is above the adult's shoulders is called a close-up shot. A close-up subject fills the frame and is closer to the viewer than a close-up shot. The background takes a secondary role or even disappears, and close-ups can show the facial expressions of the characters in subtle ways. It has a special visual experience that is not common in life. It is mainly used to describe the inner activities of characters. Actors convey their inner activities to the audience through their faces, and close-ups can give a strong impression to the audience, whether they are characters or other objects. In feature films and TV series, close-ups of props often contain important dramatic elements. In a montage paragraph and sentence, close-ups have the meaning of emphasis and emphasis.

4. "The Human Comedy"

In 1841, Balzac formulated a grand creative plan and decided to write 137 novels, divided into three categories: custom research, philosophical research, and analytical research. Most of them, collectively titled "Human Comedy," comprehensively reflect the social life of France in the 19th century and write a history of French social customs. By the time of Balzac's death, 91 novels of "Human Comedy" had been completed. The most famous of these novels are Eugénie Grandet (1833) and Le Père Goriot (1835).

Romanticism

Romanticism is one of the basic creative methods of literature and art. Together with realism, it is the two main trends of thought in literature and art. As a creative method, Romanticism focuses on reflecting objective reality and starting from the subjective inner world to express the passionate pursuit of the ideal world. It often uses passionate language, magnificent imagination and exaggerated techniques to create images. The creative tendency of Romanticism has a long history. As early as the period of oral creation of human literature and art, some works contained Romantic elements and characteristics to varying degrees. However, romanticism at this time had neither formed a trend of thought, nor was it a creative method consciously mastered by people.

3. Short answer

1. Let’s talk about the increasing popularity of time-travel dramas. (Original topic, mentioned before the Chinese New Year holiday)

2. Let’s talk about the artistic characteristics of science fiction movies.

(Blind spot, the teacher never mentioned it, one of the mistakes)

The basic model of Hollywood science fiction films

1. The background is diverse but the internal logic is strict. For science fiction films, the story can happen At any time in the past, present and future, and the era can be changed significantly in the middle, but in fact the real content it wants to narrate still occupies a very limited period; similarly, the place where the science fiction story takes place seems to be irrelevant, But it's actually very limited. Although Hollywood science fiction films are wildly imaginative, they are the most stringent in terms of logical rules and emphasize an illusory world with unified, coherent and non-contradictory internal authenticity.

2. Character creation is relatively simple. Most Hollywood science fiction films hope that the audience will focus on special effects and plot, so their character creation is relatively simple compared to other types of films. The characters have fewer dimensions, the surface and the heart are more consistent, and the personality has no changes or only simple changes. But in recent years, this situation has changed. Science fiction films have also begun to focus on character creation, and have begun to increase their efforts in describing the characters' inner conflicts and contradictions, as well as the distress and difficulties in life.

3. "Inciting events" often have science fiction elements, such as time dislocation, alien invasion, the establishment of a dinosaur park, etc. It breaks the original balance and forces the protagonist to react. Like other genres, the conflicts in science fiction films also include inner conflicts, interpersonal conflicts, and external conflicts (including social conflicts and larger environmental conflicts). But generally speaking, the biggest conflict in science fiction films is between people and Conflicts with large environmental forces, such as natural disasters and alien invasions.

Fourth, the traditional and eternal values ??of putting life first, pursuing justice and cherishing life are still respected.

Hollywood movie model

1. Spectacle and curiosity

Since Méliès, science fiction films have been inseparable from dazzling spectacle. The universe, religious myths, exotic adventures, historical legends, fairy tale worlds... Méliès' hundreds of short and long films are filled with all kinds of wonders and fantasies. But for Méliès, the science fiction theme was not an extension of science, but a prop through which to present the landscape. Méliès was not interested in developing cinema as a "narrative art." What he values ??more is the ability of film to serve as a tool for presenting spectacle. As Georges Sadoul commented: "Méliès often uses stunts to surprise people. It becomes an end in itself rather than a means of expression... What Méliès invented was the syllable of future movies, but he What is used is an inexplicable spell rather than a sentence that expresses the meaning."

Méliès made science fiction movies imprinted with an indelible birthmark of spectacle. Looking at the Hollywood film industry, starting from 1968's "A Space Odyssey". 2001" to "Jurassic Park" in 1993, from "Star Wars" in 1976 to "The Matrix" in 1999... epic space travel scenes, almost realistic images of prehistoric dinosaurs, and magnificent space scenes Wars, phantom-like virtual worlds... all rely on the spectacle effect to make big money at the box office. Countless breathtaking images hit the audience's retinas time and time again. Countless times the audience thought that the spectacle had reached its extreme, but even bigger spectacles always came roaring a few years later. Perhaps if Hollywood science fiction films lose their high-tech special effects packaging, then they will lose their most exciting form; and once this form is stripped away, we will find that there is not much content left - in fact, Hollywood science fiction films The content is its form, and the form is its content. A complete and utter spectacle bombing.

Spectacle is one of the essences of cinema. In the decades after the rise of science fiction movies, people's instinct to hunt for glamorous spectacles drove people to flock to theaters and stuff huge amounts of money into Hollywood's pockets; and Hollywood also saw the talent of science fiction movies in making money, and used them to The characteristics of the wonders are strengthened and even alienated time and time again. When the audience one day snores in response to the most incredible spectacle in the world, it is estimated that Hollywood visual science fiction directors can only sprinkle heroin powder into the air of the cinema. There is no other way to stimulate the audience's nerves.

2. And science fiction

There is nothing truly new under the sun, and the imagination of science fiction cannot go beyond the cognitive cave drawn by Plato for people. The master's science fiction movies are nothing more than the old and new ones that have been passed down from ancestors. The phenomenon of concentrated topic selection is particularly obvious in Hollywood science fiction films, where the director basically repeats the writer's creativity. Many far-reaching films are derived from famous science fiction novels, or are completely adapted from the original novels, or are inspired by some famous plots, fragments and concepts of the novels. Film adaptations of Philip K. Dick alone include: 1981 "Blade Runner", 1990 "Total Recall", 1995 "Screamers", 2002 "Invasion", "Minority Report" and 2003 " Memory Cracks". A large number of classics by the famous American science fiction writer Asimov have also been adapted for the screen, such as "Speed" in 1966, "Becoming Human" in 1999, "Twilight" in 2000, and "I, Robot" in 2004. This also reflects the limitations of the topic selection of science fiction movies from another aspect.

But unfortunately, the artistic level of science fiction movies is obviously inferior to science fiction novels. The level of current mainstream science fiction movies is basically equivalent to the level of the golden age of science fiction (1930s to 1960s).

Overall, 90% of science fiction themes focus on a few narrow topics such as alien creatures, artificial life, space adventures, anomalies in time and space, and robots. Looking at the science fiction blockbusters in recent years: "E.T", "Invaders from Mars", "Alien", "Independence Day", "The Fifth Element", "Martians Play the Earth", "Men in Black", etc. are reflections Films about alien creatures; "Jurassic Park", "The Sixth Day", "Godzilla", etc. are films that reflect artificial life; "2001: A Space Odyssey", "Star Trek", "Red Planet", "Apes" "Planet" and other films that reflect space adventures; "Time Machine", "Back to the Future", "Space-Time Frequency", "Butterfly Effect" and other films reflect space-time anomalies; "RoboCop", "Terminator", "Mechanical Heroes" , "Artificial Intelligence", "I, Robot", etc. are themes that reflect robots... There are also some movies that combine several themes at the same time. For example, "Star Wars" includes both space adventure and alien elements, and "The Matrix" is The synthesis of robots and space-time transformation, etc. But almost no work can break out of its rut.

The reason is that on the one hand, these science fiction themes are more suitable for being put on the screen; on the other hand, from a commercial perspective, these themes have become symbols of mass consumption and box office appeal, making it easier to It aroused people's expectations and enthusiasm for the film. If a movie is about obscure space physics, the director must include eye-catching stunts, such as a space travel adventure accidentally falling on the edge of a black hole.

3. Flat characters

Another characteristic of science fiction movies is the stereotyped tendency of character portrayal and expression, with less in-depth revelation and reflection of human nature.

In most science fiction movies, there is usually an all-powerful superhero, and most of the places for this superhero are occupied by men, with women only serving as embellishments and foils.

For example, Neo in "The Matrix", Jon in "Minority Report", Detective Spooner in "I, Robot"... They are born with agility and wisdom that ordinary people cannot match, and they can always do something at critical moments. Turn danger into danger