Tian Wen-1 went to Earth and took a group of photos.

What kind of scientific task is Tian Wen-1 circulator to send back the high-definition image of Phobos in one imaging?

Introduction: People have always had a strong curiosity about space, so the vigorous development of space industry can not be separated from people's imagination. Now China's space technology is very developed, and Tian Wen-1 also brought back high-definition images, so that people can get a glimpse of space. And this scientific task also has many great significance. The following small series gives you a brief introduction, and readers can have an understanding in advance.

First of all, space itself is unpredictable, and people can't observe the faces of planets in space with the naked eye. With the help of Tian Wen 1, people can get a glimpse of these planets. These high-definition images are very important scientific basis. Scientists can distinguish the changes of soil quality and the progress of civilization on the earth through these simple images, and can also compare them with existing things on the earth, so this scientific research is very worthy of people's appreciation.

Secondly, with the improvement of scientific level, the pictures sent back to the earth from space are more and more clear. This allows scientists to analyze the background of the development of the planet through these films and infer what kind of cultural collision happened on the planet at that time through simple geological changes. Moreover, Tianwen No.1 can shoot around, so these images have a wide shooting range, complete information and high use value. The research team can make different degrees of observation through these images. At the same time, you can also see the texture patterns on the planet, which also makes the audience very novel.

In addition, these precious materials brought back also make scientists more confident. Because people can't predict things beyond the earth at all, and these images can let people gradually understand the secrets of development on other planets. Scientists have been working hard. They have made great efforts to explore the truth, and this high-definition image has brought them closer to the truth. People's understanding of space will also be clearer.

Tian Wen 1 sent back a photo of the Earth and the Moon. How did this happen?

According to some data referenced by Bian Xiao, we know that Tianwen-1 probe, the first Mars exploration mission in China, is in good flight state, with normal energy balance and working state, stable TT&C tracking on the ground, orderly flight control and data reception, and all work is progressing smoothly. The probe has escaped from the influence of the earth's gravity, entered the interplanetary transfer orbit, and flew away from the earth more than 654.38+0.5 million kilometers.

On July 27th, 2020, Tianwen-1 took a black-and-white photo of the Earth and the Moon at a distance of about 6.5438+0.2 million kilometers. In the picture, the big crescent ball is the earth and the small crescent ball is the moon. On the same day, the optical navigation sensor on the Tianwen-1 Mars probe developed by China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation took photos at a distance of10.2 million kilometers, and bid farewell to the home of the earth and the moon. Tian Wen 1 used optical navigation sensors to image the earth and the moon, and then obtained clear photos of the moon. In this black-and-white photo, the earth and the moon, one big and one small, are crescent-shaped, accompanying each other and gazing at each other in the vast universe.

The detector is in space, just like a ship sailing on the vast sea, except that there is no satellite navigation system after flying off the earth. And different from traditional radio navigation, optical autonomous navigation can obtain navigation information such as position and speed through image target recognition and feature extraction. This technology is also one of the important technologies that will support our country to go further into the universe in the future.

On the basis of precise positioning based on ground radio navigation, the development team also equipped the detector with optical navigation sensors, and verified the optical navigation methods related to deep space exploration in engineering. This optical navigation sensor is installed on the detector, which can calculate the centroid position and apparent radius of Mars by imaging Mars in the process of flying close to Mars, and obtain the real-time position and velocity information of the detector relative to Mars by combining the estimation algorithm. This time, the imaging of the earth and the moon is completed by the independent exposure of the optical navigation sensor.

Optical navigation sensors are like the "eyes" of detectors. With these bright eyes, the detector also has the autonomous ability to fly to the destination by observing its own direction.

For the process of the probe approaching Mars, the development team of the Eighth Institute also regards the navigation sensor with telephoto lens as "clairvoyance", which can identify Mars as much as possible at the distance of100000 km, and can also adapt to the extraction of Mars images from point targets to surface targets and from weak targets to strong targets independently, so as to find its own direction in deep space flight even without external navigation information.

With these bright eyes, Tian Wen-1 can observe Mars and then step on the brakes. This optical autonomous navigation technology will also lay a solid foundation for China's follow-up deep space exploration mission.

How many scientific and technological elements are behind the photos of the earth and the moon?

In a dark background sky, two crescent-shaped celestial bodies complement each other and watch each other in the vast universe: the bigger one is the earth and the smaller one is the moon. Once this photo of the earth and the moon was released, it quickly attracted the attention of the whole world.

"This is Tian Wen No.1' s smile to the earth people!" "This is' Tian Wen-1' s affectionate look back at his home! "On July 27, 2020, the Mars probe" Tian Wen No.1 "sent back this photo of the Earth and the Moon, which is 20,000 kilometers away from the Earth/kloc-0, and instantly" swiped the screen "on the Internet.

Speaking of this photo of the earth and the moon, there are many scientific and technological elements behind it.

The "photographer" who takes pictures consists of a circulator and a landing patrol. In order to successfully carry out China's first Mars exploration mission, a series of high-tech technologies were adopted, such as super-large open-loop control technology with variable delay, precise orbit determination and prediction technology in ground fire space, and remote operation mission planning technology of the rover.

According to reports, the optical navigation sensor can identify Mars at the farthest distance of 6.5438+million kilometers, and independently adapt to the extraction of Mars images from "point target" to "surface target" and from "weak target" to "strong target".

Generally speaking, it is to shoot a large area of starry sky by optical means, and then determine the flight direction of "Tianwen-1" according to the positions of many stars.

In fact, playing "selfie" with the earth is only a small function of the optical navigation sensor. Its main function is navigation.

The nearest distance from Mars to the Earth is 55 million kilometers, and the farthest distance is more than 400 million kilometers. "Tian Wen-1" flies in the vast space, how to navigate in deep space?

Different from traditional radio navigation, optical autonomous navigation technology is the "eye" of Tian Wen-1 in space. It can obtain navigation information such as position and speed through image target recognition and feature extraction.

Although this photo of the earth and the moon is not very high-definition, it is very heavy. Its meaning is far more than the information that a picture can convey.

As a concentrated expression of high-tech development level, aerospace industry is an important symbol to measure a country's comprehensive national strength. Mars exploration is the most advanced scientific and technological innovation activity in the world today. Behind this photo are the team of "Tian Wen-1", Beijing Aerospace Control Center, China TT&C network in deep space, TT&C system team in space and Roy Fleet.

According to the plan, "Tianwen No.1" will fly in the underground fire transfer orbit for about 7 months, and complete the three major tasks of "hovering, landing and patrolling" at one time. For China Aerospace, this photo of the Earth and the Moon is a "letter of peace" issued by Tian Wen-1, which marks the official opening of planetary exploration in China.

The picture above is a picture of the earth and the moon.