What is a horizontal theodolite total station?

1, level (English: level) is an instrument to establish a horizontal line of sight to measure the height difference between two points on the ground. The principle is to measure the height difference between ground points according to the leveling principle. The main components are telescope, pipe level (or compensator), vertical shaft, base and anchor screw. According to the structure, it is divided into micro-tilt level, automatic level, laser level and digital level (also known as electronic level). According to the accuracy, it is divided into precision level and ordinary level.

2. Theodolite is a kind of measuring instrument designed according to the principle of angle measurement, which is divided into optical theodolite and electronic theodolite. At present, the most commonly used is electronic theodolite.

Theodolite is the mechanical part of the telescope, which enables the telescope to point in different directions. The theodolite has two perpendicular rotating shafts to adjust the azimuth and horizontal height of the telescope. Theodolite is an angle measuring instrument, which is equipped with telescope, horizontal dial and reading index, vertical dial and reading index.

3. Total station, that is, electronic total station, is a high-tech measuring instrument integrating light, machinery and electricity. It is a measuring instrument system integrating water collection, measuring vertical angle, distance (oblique distance, horizontal distance) and height difference. Compared with optical theodolite, electronic theodolite uses photoelectric scanning dial instead of optical dial, and uses automatic recording and display reading instead of manual optical micrometer reading, which simplifies angle measurement operation and avoids reading error. Because it can place instruments at one time to complete all the measurement work on the station, it is called total station.

Extended data:

The appearance of electronic ranging technology has greatly promoted the development of fast measuring instruments. Using electromagnetic wave rangefinder instead of optical sight distance theodolite makes the measurement range longer, the measurement time shorter and the accuracy higher. People generally refer to the speedometer for measuring distance with electromagnetic wave rangefinder as "electronic speedometer". However, with the appearance of electronic angle measurement technology. The concept of "electronic speedometer" has also changed. According to the different angle measurement methods, it can be divided into half-station electronic speedometer and full-station electronic speedometer.

Half-station electronic velocimeter refers to an electronic velocimeter that uses optical methods to measure angles, also known as "ranging theodolite". This kind of speedometer appeared earlier and has been continuously improved. It can input the optical angle reading to the range finder through the keyboard, calculate the oblique distance, and finally get the horizontal distance, height difference, direction angle and coordinate difference. These results can be automatically transferred to external memory.

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