20 10 how to find the Shaanxi volume of the college entrance examination Chinese question

20 10 National Unified Examination Language for Enrollment of Ordinary Colleges and Universities (Shaanxi Volume)

The first volume reading questions

A required question

First, modern reading (9 points, 3 points for each small question)

Read the following text and complete 1~3 questions.

"Book" originally refers to writing symbols. The books we are talking about now are not from characters and symbols, nor from the "six books" of philology, but from the art of calligraphy. Calligraphy has a far-reaching influence on the Chinese nation. Calligraphy, together with gold, stone and painting, is called China culture and occupies a very important position in China culture. Calligraphy is an art and is loved by the broad masses of the people. As soon as China's Chinese characters appeared, writers had the requirement and desire to "write beautifully". This is the case in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Although the font is complex, the structure and composition should look good, whether it is a single word or a whole word. It can be seen that since the beginning of writing, it has been accompanied by artistic requirements and aesthetic requirements.

Qin Li and Han Li both evolved from seal script, which is monotonous and troublesome. Therefore, after the Jin Dynasty, real calligraphy (also known as regular script and official script) began to appear and gradually shaped. Although the writing and style of each family are different, the font structure is the same. In history, seal script, official script, etc. Not as long as a real book. Authentic books have been used to this day because of their fixed fonts, natural strokes, continuous writing and easy discovery of more than one stroke. A real book is a running script if it is written tearfully, and a cursive script if it is written quickly. Another source of cursive script is the cursive script of the Han Dynasty, that is, writing cursive script with the brush strokes of real books, which is different from writing cursive script with the brush strokes of Han Li. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it merged with the real book and changed to cursive script.

The writing of real books is very convenient, so various works are constantly emerging with diverse artistic styles, and various fonts have appeared, such as Yan style, Liu Ti style, European style and Chu style. Before that, no one specialized in writing and was famous for calligraphy. Even Wang Xizhi was not a special writer, and there was no such name as "calligrapher" in ancient times. At that time, many tablets were written by craftsmen who carved tablets. In the Tang Dynasty, it was common for literati to write tablets. Emperor Taizong loved to write, wrote two inscriptions, Jinci Ming and Wenquan Ming, and gave the rubbings of these two inscriptions to foreign envoys. Scholars and famous officials at that time, such as Yu Shinan, Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and later Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan, all wrote inscriptions, and calligraphy schools gradually increased, and their inscriptions have been passed down to this day. In fact, today, the level of documents and classics unearthed in Dunhuang, Turpan and other places really exceeds the inscriptions handed down from ancient times. In the literature of ordinary people in the Tang Dynasty, there are also better calligraphy than the inscription of Jin Ci | Wenquanming. But what emperors and officials wrote was valued, and the works of many unknown calligraphers were unknown.

In ancient times, a good calligraphy work was called "calligraphy", which means that this work is enough to reach dharma. "Calligraphy", "the way of calligraphy" and "the art of calligraphy" refer to writing methods; Now they are combined into one, both of which are called "calligraphy". Calligraphy plays a great role in people's lives, from calligraphy works, artistic decoration to correspondence. At the same time, calligraphy activities can not only cultivate artistic sentiment, but also adjust the mind and recuperate the spirit, so as to achieve the effect of fitness. People in the Northern Dynasties once said, "Thousands of miles away, thousands of miles away." Seeing a letter, I feel very kind, as if I met someone. Calligraphy is regarded as the representative of people's character and image, which has been the case since ancient times. (Excerpted from Seven Gong's Random Talks on Stone Painting and Calligraphy)

1. The following statement about "book" is not in line with the original intention.

A in Chinese, "book" can refer to both characters and symbols, and it can also be the "book" of "six books" in philology. From the perspective of calligraphy art, the so-called "book" is calligraphy.

B. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the structure and composition of single words or whole words are beautiful, which shows that when Chinese characters appear, there is a requirement for "calligraphy".

C In history, "book" is called "gold", "stone" and "painting", and it also occupies a very important position in China culture because of its far-reaching influence.

D True books are easy to write, and various works appear constantly, forming different fonts such as Yan Ti and Liu Ti, which are divided according to the artistic style of "books".

2. Among the following understandings, what is not in line with the original intention is

A. A real book is a running script if it is written in a lingering way, and a faster running script is a cursive script, which is a source of cursive script. Another source of cursive script is Cao Zhang, which was formed by writing Cao Zhang with Han Li's brushwork.

Qin Li and Han Li are both evolved from seal script, which is monotonous and troublesome. Therefore, after the Jin Dynasty, real books came into being and are still in use today.

C in ancient times, there were no people who were famous for calligraphy at first, and it was not until the Tang Dynasty that literati wrote tablets that they became popular. Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan and others became calligraphers.

D in ancient times, "calligraphy" refers to the method of writing, and "calligraphy" refers to good calligraphy works. Now the two are combined into one, both of which are called "calligraphy".

3. In the following understanding and analysis, one that does not conform to the original content is

A. As far as the complexity of glyphs is concerned, Qin Li and Han Li have surpassed real books, and Oracle Bone Inscriptions has surpassed Qin Li and Han Li. It can be said that this is the fundamental reason why real books have been used for a long time.

B There are not many schools of ancient calligraphy. At that time, there was not even the name of "calligrapher", but in the Tang Dynasty, calligraphy flourished and there were more and more schools. It seems that the development of calligraphy has a lot to do with the advocacy of society.

C People in China have regarded calligraphy as a representative of people's character and image since ancient times, so people in the Northern Dynasties called it "a thousand miles of calligraphy", that is, people today call it "seeing words like seeing people".

D During the Tang Dynasty, some unknown calligraphers had a high level. In fact, the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty steles did not represent the highest level at that time, but it was praised by the world because it was written by emperors and officials.

Second, the ancient poetry reading (36 points)

(a) classical Chinese reading (19)

Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 4~7.

Huayun is from Huaiyuan. He looks great, dark and extremely brave. In the 13th year of Zheng Zhi, Zhang Jian paid tribute to Mao in Lin Hao. Surprise their talents, make the soldiers slightly, and do their best. Taizu will take Chuzhou and lead his troops forward, following the clouds. Suddenly he met thousands of thieves and soldiers, and Mao drew his sword and flew into the array. The thief was frightened and said, "This black general is very brave, so don't be the front." Enemy at the Gates, capture Chuzhou. When Mao crosses the river, the clouds help first. Both grams of peace, but also with loyalty and courage to stay around. Mr Zhuo, the general manager, is loyal to Zhenjiang, Danyang, Dantu and Jintan. After crossing the horse and transporting sand, hundreds of thieves blocked the road and fought. Yun Chang fought for another three days and nights, and all of them were captured and killed. Taizu set up the Privy Council in Taiping, and he was sentenced by Yunyuan. Life tends to be calm, soldiers are trapped in the mountains for eight days, and thieves are entangled. Cao Yun spear clamored for entry and exit, beheaded hundreds of times, and missed a shot. Still in Taiping, Chen Youliang took the ship as his teacher. Yun fought with Marshal Zhu Wenxun, and Wenxun died. Thieves couldn't get in for three days, so they took a huge boat and climbed to the edge of it. The city fell, the thief tied the cloud, and the cloud shouted and was tied to the ground. He took the defender's knife and killed five or six people, cursing: "The thief is not my main enemy, it's boring!" " In a rage, the thief smashed his head, tied it to the cluster and shot it. He scolded the thief many times, and his voice was still strong until his death, and he was in his thirties and nine years old. Taizu of the King of Wu chased the seal and shipped it to Donghou, and set up a loyal minister's shrine to worship it. When the battle was urgent, Yun's wife sacrificed to the temple. When she was three years old, she cried and told her family, "If the city is broken, my husband will die, and I will not live alone. However, we can't leave the Hua family without an heir. If we wait for good care. " If the cloud holds it, it will die in water. After serving children and grandchildren, I took my children to travel and was taken to Jiujiang. Sun went to find a fisherman at night, took off his hairpin and raised him. The Han army was defeated, and Sun Fu stole the son to cross the river. The army seized the ship and abandoned it in the river. He broke the wood and entered Weizhou, picking lotus seeds and feeding them. He didn't die for seven days. Over the years, it reached the Taizu Institute. Sun cried with his son in his arms, and Mao also cried. He put his son on his knee and said, "I'll plant it." Give the child a name. His fifth grandson invited Sejong to offer his wife Gao Zhenlie and Sun Anren to set up a shrine for sacrifice. (Excerpted from Ming History? Hua Yun Chuan ")

Note: defeated army.

4. Incorrect explanations of the words added in the following sentences (3 points).

A. Zhang Jian pays homage to Mao Yu Linhao Zhang: Take it.

B. Suddenly meet a thousand thieves, Yi Yun Taizu Wing: protection

C. the thief is not my main enemy, and my interests are reduced: surrender.

D favors Zhenjiang, Danyang, Dantu and Jintan: plunder.

5. In the following sentences, what indicates Hua's boldness is (3 points).

(1) drew his sword and flew into the array. (2) General Black is brave and should not be the front.

(3) beheaded hundreds of times, but missed one shot. (4) The thief tied the cloud and the cloud shouted.

⑤ Take the defender's knife, kill five or six people, and ⑤scold a lot of thieves until the sound of death is still strong.

A.①②④ B.①③⑤

C.②③⑥ D.④⑤⑥

6. The following summary and analysis of the relevant contents of the original text is incorrect (3 points).

A. Hua Yun struggled with gangsters until she died. Huayun was stationed in Taiping, and Chen Youliang led the navy to attack the city. Marshal Zhu Wenxun died and he was captured. Huayun was fearless in the face of danger. At the moment of being killed, she still shouted at the thief.

B. Hua Yun is brave and good at fighting, and his talent is deeply appreciated by Mao. In thirteen years, he visited Mao and stepped forward to save Mao from danger. Since then, he has led troops to fight many times, made great achievements, and was promoted by Mao.

C. Hua Yun's wife is determined to die for her husband. Seeing that the war was urgent, Huayun's wife knew that her husband's life was in danger, and said that she would never live alone, and entrusted her three-year-old son to a servant at home. After Huayun was taken, his wife died without water.

D. Hua Yun's son Hua Wei survived through hardships. After the death of Huayun's wife, the servant picked up Huahui and ran for his life, and was taken to Jiujiang. The servant took him to a fisherman's house, and later took him across the river, and he came to Taizu a year later.

7. Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese. (10)

(1) The thief couldn't get in after attacking for three days, so he got on a huge boat and climbed on the side of it.

(2) The army seized the boat and abandoned it in the middle of the river, cut off the wood and entered Weizhou, picking lotus and gallnuts, and did not die for seven days.

(2) Reading ancient poems (1 1)

Read the following Yuefu poem and complete questions 8~9.

Rain and snow bend the river (1)

Rain and snow separated Yuxi (2), and the army was in Longxi (3). Look at the fox tracks around the array and the horseshoes on the side of the mountain.

It's cold, the flag is bad and the drum is low. The long clouds rise and the desolation disappears.

Note ① General Manager Jiang (5 18~590): Chen, a writer in the Southern Dynasties, was born in Kaocheng, Jiyang (now Lankao, Henan). , Chen, Sui. ② Western Henan: refers to frontier fortress.

(3) Longxi: in eastern Gansu today.

8. What kind of environment does this poem describe? What does the last sentence mean by "going the other way"?

9. The poet put "bad flag" and "low drum sound" after "cold weather" and "dark ground" respectively. What are the advantages of this writing? What kind of feelings about guards does this poem show? (6 points)

(3) Dictation of famous articles and sentences (6 points)

10. Fill in the blanks in the following famous sentences. (6 points)

(1) Therefore, the wood is straight by the rope, and the gentleman is knowledgeable and helps himself. Persuade ")

If Jin is sharp, it will be beneficial, clear and error-free.

(2) There are often swift horses. Therefore, although there are famous horses, they are just servile and not called thousands of miles. (Han Yu's Miscellaneous Notes (4))

However, Bole doesn't often die between grooves.

(3) Don't laugh at the muddy farm wine. Heavy mountains and heavy waters, no way back. (Lu You's Tour of Shanxi Village)

Good year, stay, chicken, dolphin, willow, dark flowers, other villages.

Multiple Choice

Three, literary text reading (25 points)

1 1. Read the following text and complete (1)~(4). (25 points)

Protector's Law, Mo Bosang.

Malan never dreamed of having such a good career!

One morning, he read in the newspaper that a former classmate recently became a member of parliament. Ma Lan became his classmate's friend again.

Soon, the congressman became a minister, and half a year later, Malan was appointed as an adviser to the administrative court.

At first, he was a little carried away. To show off, he walked up and down the street as if others could guess his identity as soon as they saw him. Later, out of a strong and generous sense of responsibility, he felt an irresistible desire to protect others. Wherever he meets acquaintances, he is happy to meet them. Before anyone asked, he quickly said, "You know, I'm a psychological counselor now, and I really want to help you. Please feel free to ask if you can do anything for me. I have power in this position. "

He offered unlimited help to anyone at the first opportunity. He writes ten, twenty and fifty letters of introduction to people every day, and he writes all the officials. He feels happy, extremely happy.

One morning, he was going to the administrative court, and it was raining outside.

It is raining harder and harder. He had to take shelter from the rain in front of a house. There is already an old priest there. He didn't like priests before he joined the Senate. Since a cardinal politely asked his advice on a thorny issue, he also respected them. He looked at the priest and asked with concern, "Where are you going?"

The priest hesitated a little, then said, "I'm going to the palace."

"If you like, dad, I can share my umbrella with you. I will go to the administrative court. I am a counselor there. "

The priest looked up at him and said, "Thank you, I accept your kindness."

Ma Lan went on to say, "You probably came to Paris for fun."

The priest replied, "No, I have something to do."

"oh! Is this an important thing? Let me know if you need me. "

Father seems embarrassed. Hesitantly said, "Ah! This is an irrelevant personal matter ... a little misunderstanding. You wouldn't be interested. But ... this is an internal ... church matter. "

"Oh, this belongs to the administrative court. Just tell me. "

"Sir, I'm going to the administrative court. That's very kind of you. I'm going to see Mr Pei Le and Mr Thain. Maybe I have to see Mr. Petipa. "

"Oh, they are all my best friends and colleagues. I sincerely entrust your relationship. Just wrap it up for me. "

The priest mumbled many words of thanks.

Malan is happy. Great. "Hum! You have a once-in-a-lifetime chance, father. You see, you see, with me, your affairs will be solved smoothly. "

They went to the administrative court. Ma Lan led the priest into the office, asked him to sit in front of the fire, and then wrote at his desk: "Dear colleague, please allow me to sincerely introduce the venerable Father Santier to you. He has a little thing to tell you, please help him. "

He wrote three letters, and the people he protected wrote back and left with gratitude.

The day passed peacefully. Malan slept well at night, woke up happily the next day and ordered a newspaper to be delivered. He opened the newspaper and read:

There was a priest named Santier, who was accused of doing many despicable things ... Who knows that he found an administrative court counselor named Ma Lan as his enthusiastic defender and boldly wrote the most eager letter of introduction to his colleagues for this criminal wearing a religious coat ... We drew the minister's attention to the intolerable behavior of the consultant. ...

He jumped up to find Petipa.

Petipa said to him, "Alas! You are crazy to introduce that old schemer to me. "

He said in a panic: "Don't mention it … you see … I was cheated … he looked so honest … he played me … shameful. I beg you, please punish him as severely as possible, the harder the better. I want to write a letter. Please tell me who I must write to if I want to deal with him. ..... Yes, find the Archbishop! "

He suddenly sat down and wrote on Petipa's desk: "Archbishop, I am honored to report to your Excellency that a priest named Santier cheated me recently and framed me with all kinds of tricks and lies. I was coaxed by his rhetoric, as for ... "

He put away the envelope, turned to his colleague and said, "You see, dear friend, this is also a lesson for you. Don't write a letter of introduction to others. " (According to Hao Yun's translation)

(1) The following analysis and summary of the relevant contents of the novel, two of which are most appropriate (5 points).

A. With the help of classmates, Ma Lan became a counselor in the administrative court. Therefore, no matter where he meets an acquaintance, he always offers help to the other side, which is his way of repaying kindness.

B before joining the Senate, Malan didn't like priests, but after a cardinal asked him for advice, "he also respected them." This description has achieved the purpose of taking care of the above.

After being reprimanded by Petipa, Malan was eager to defend himself and immediately accused Father Santier. This is enough to show that he seems to want to protect others, but actually cares more about his own interests.

D. After writing to the class teacher, Ma Lan warned his colleagues to remember the lesson, "Never write letters of introduction to others again". This shows that he is trying to whitewash his mistakes and turn passivity into initiative.

E. Father Santier didn't want to trouble Malan with "a trivial matter" at first, so he hesitated when responding to Malan's request, which shows his inner hesitation.

(2) What kind of image is Ma Lan in the novel? Please analyze it briefly. (6 points)

The second half of the novel quoted a newspaper report. What role does the author play in the plot arrangement? (6 points)

(4) The theme of this novel is "protecting the people", and there are many considerations, such as theme, characterization, plot structure, etc. Please choose an aspect, combine the full text, state your opinion and analyze it. (8 points)

Four, practical text reading (25 points)

12. Read the following text and complete (1)~(4). (25 points)

father of hybrid rice

1982 On an autumn day, the academic lecture hall of Los Barros International Rice Research Institute in Manila was packed. At the beginning of the meeting, Dr. Swaminathan, director of the International Rice Research Institute and former Indian Minister of Agriculture, solemnly led Yuan Longping to the rostrum. At this moment, Yuan Longping's huge head suddenly appeared on the screen. Here is a line of English characters "Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice". There was prolonged applause in the lecture hall.

The admiration of international peers really made Yuan Longping feel the value of heart and sweat, and also felt the sincere friendship and warmth from aboveboard competitors. Yuan Longping couldn't help feeling a little sad when he thought that some authoritative figures in domestic academic circles still regarded themselves as the old peasants who rolled out of the mud in Xiangxi and regarded hybrid rice technology as a trivial skill.

After the meeting, Yuan Longping and Dr. Swaminathan joked: "I was really caught off guard by your' surprise attack' and' sales promotion' today." "I just want to give you a surprise!" "But when I was first invited by 1980 to cooperate in research, you actually set me an internship graduate salary of $800 per month!" Yuan Longping said with a smile. On that occasion, he lodged a solemn protest with Swaminathan and was ready to leave. Swaminathan apologized again and again, tried his best to keep him and re-appointed him as a special researcher. Before he stayed, his monthly salary was raised to $65,438+0,750.

"Ha ha, you remember! To tell the truth, at that time, we felt that your position in China was also very low. You were treated too well here, but we lost our share. Plus, at that time, after all, you haven't seen the successful three-line hybrid rice with your own eyes, so your salary is estimated to be 10 times that of China, and I think you should accept it. I didn't expect you to be very stylish! In the second year, we saw that the China Municipal Government awarded you the Special Invention Award for Science and Technology, and your great achievements were also witnessed by our own eyes. So we've been ashamed of it ever since. Today, we can officially clear your name! "

"Ha ha, so you have personally participated in the discrimination against me! Frankly speaking, we never strive for economic benefits at home. However, how much I come to you and get is related to the dignity of scientists in China, so I must fight you to the end. However, there is an old saying in China, which is called "No discord, no concord". This is just like our friends in the field of international science and technology, but they are actually competitors in the same position. But it is precisely because of the competition with the post that we have the opportunity to become friends! I fought a battle as soon as I met you, so our friendship will last longer. Isn't it? " Yuan Longping said.

The hybrid rice technology invented by Yuan Longping increased the average yield per mu of rice by more than 20%. This world-leading scientific and technological achievement will not only help China feed 22% of the world's population with 7% of the world's arable land, but also benefit the whole world. To this end, he was elected as a foreign academician by the American Academy of Sciences. President Cicerone introduced the reason why Yuan Longping was elected: "Mr. Yuan Longping invented hybrid rice technology and made outstanding contributions to world food security. The increased grain output solves the problem of feeding 70 million people in the world every year. " Cao, a farmer from Chenzhou, Hunan Province, said that "Deng Xiaoping sent good policies and Yuan Longping sent good seeds", and he also specially spent money to carve a Yuan Longping statue of white marble for his family.

Yuan Longping introduced his graduate students to the United States, Australia and other countries for doctoral studies, and all these graduate students chose to stay abroad after their studies. Someone joked with Yuan Longping: "All the talents sent by your old man have flown, and your efforts have been in vain!" Yuan Longping seriously replied, "Don't be short-sighted. The future of hybrid rice in China needs a large number of talents beyond Yuan Longping. The growth of outstanding talents needs a vast free world, so that they are all under my hands and bound by my thoughts, and I can't provide them with first-class research conditions. How can I make them grow into outstanding scholars beyond me? Once the motherland has the conditions to give full play to their role, they will come back at any time. On the contrary, if they come back, but there is no place for them, what is the point of bringing them back? "

(Excerpted from Zhixia Zhuang's Biography of Yuan Longping)

(1) The following analysis and summary of biographies, the two most appropriate ones are (5 points).

Dr. A. Swaminathan's grand recommendation at an international rice science and technology conference hosted by him made Yuan Longping widely known as a world-famous rice expert.

B Yuan Longping was selected as a foreign academician by the American Academy of Sciences because he invented the international advanced hybrid rice technology and made outstanding contributions to world food security.

Cao, a farmer from Chenzhou, Hunan Province, hired someone to carve a white marble statue of Yuan Longping to thank Yuan Longping for the fine seeds he sent him.

D. Postgraduates from Yuan Longping are introduced to the United States, Australia and other countries to pursue doctoral degrees. In order to become outstanding scholars other than teachers, they all choose to stay abroad after their studies.

E. By describing the related deeds of Yuan Longping, the "father of hybrid rice", it shows a great scientist's broad mind and the spirit of being brave in exploration, regardless of fame and fortune and selfless dedication.

(2) Although he was called "the father of hybrid rice" by international peers, Yuan Longping "still can't help feeling a little sad". Why is this? Please analyze it briefly. (6 points)

(3) Some people say that the talents sent by Yuan Longping "all flew away" and he "wasted his efforts", but Yuan Longping thinks this view is "short-sighted". Why? Please analyze it briefly. (6 points)

(4) Yuan Longping and Swaminathan were colleagues, but as soon as they met, they "fought a battle" for their dignity and finally became friends, believing that their friendship "will last longer". Please choose one aspect of your understanding of "peer", "dignity" and "friendship" and talk about your views in combination with the full text. (8 points)

The second volume of expression questions

V. Use of language (20 points)

13. Among the following sentences, the idiom is inappropriate (3 points).

A. some people get a little success, and then they are pretentious and complacent, and their tails are stuck in the sky. Such people will not achieve much in the end.

B: I'm very happy to see fruit farmers sweating in Huang Cancan, because it shows that the new varieties we developed have high yield and good quality.

C for those inexperienced young people, we should not only give them more guidance, but also give them more exercise opportunities to mature as soon as possible.

D. Developers have always been secretive about the calculation method of commercial housing area, which leads to frequent economic disputes between developers and owners.

14. Among the following sentences, the one that is not bad is (3 points).

A recently, the relevant departments conducted air quality tests on houses in two residential quarters. The formaldehyde in half of the houses exceeds the standard, and the main reason for the formaldehyde exceeding the standard is improper decoration of residents.

B. Mr. Li thought that the clothing company had violated his rights, so he took it to court and demanded to stop the injury. He also demanded 30,000 yuan in economic compensation and 2,000 yuan in compensation for mental damage.

C. The start of the construction of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration has put forward new requirements for roads, transportation, media, communications and other industries. Related to this, Changsha business circle will undoubtedly face the opportunity to reshuffle.

D. The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine proposed that about 10 world-class brands with independent intellectual property rights, strong international competitiveness, high popularity and a certain share in the international market should be formed during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period.

15. Fill in the blanks with horizontal lines in turn. The most suitable group is (3 points).

Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yushu is not only the source of the Three Rivers, but also the hometown of Tibetan mastiff and Cordyceps.

① The southeast is adjacent to Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province.

② It is the landmark with the largest gap in the Yangtze River.

③ It is connected with Haixi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.

④ The average altitude is above 4,000m, with the highest point of 6621m..

⑤ Located in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, south of Qinghai Province.

The climate is extremely cold.

A.②④⑥⑤①③ B.③①②⑤⑥④

C.⑤③①④②⑥ D.④⑥⑤①③②

16. The following is a passage from a review of Thanksgiving Education. Please fill in the underlined content according to the context. It is required to be closely related to the theme, with coherent meaning and clear expression, with no more than 15 words in each place. (5 points)

In recent years, many schools have carried out gratitude education activities, requiring students to wash their parents' feet once. This raises questions from people concerned: ①? The Chinese nation is a great nation with thousands of years of civilization history, and gratitude is our traditional virtue. (2) is undoubtedly correct. However, if we simply adopt ③ without considering the age, physiological and psychological differences and characteristics of students, I am afraid that the expected educational effect will not be achieved. Gratitude education is a long-term work, which involves many aspects. It needs ⑤.

17. According to the following example, choose your own topic and write three other sentences with appropriate content and the same sentence pattern as the example. (6 points)

If a seed is afraid of being buried, it will never germinate;

If the young eagle is afraid of folding its wings, it will never fly high;

If a diamond is afraid to ponder, it will never shine.

Six, writing (60 points)

18. Read the following materials and write an article of not less than 800 words as required.

There is a tropical ornamental fish that can only grow to 3 inches long no matter how long it is kept in a small fish tank. However, if you put this fish in a big pond, it can grow to a foot in two months.

Wolves are curious animals. They are always interested in the surrounding environment and constantly experience it, so as to avoid danger, find the real thing and survive tenaciously.

Psychologist Rosenthal once randomly selected some students as "the most promising people" and then handed the list to the class teacher. Because the teacher placed greater expectations on these students, their grades improved obviously after eight months.

The above phenomenon inspires people to realize that the growth of talents has certain rules.

Ask for the right angle, clear thinking, choose your own style and draw up your own title; Don't deviate from the content and meaning of the material, don't copy it, and don't copy it.