Suzhou Gardens Excellent Teaching Plan and Thinking

1. Learn the accurate, concise and vivid language of this article and accumulate relevant languages.

2. Master the basic reading methods of things.

3. Learn the structural features of this article and understand the commonly used explanation methods.

Teaching time: 2 hours.

Lesson 65438

Academic goal

1. Know the author.

2. Understand the basic content of the text as a whole, and understand the structural characteristics of the first part and then the second part.

Teaching content and steps

First, trigger the text:

Writer's works

Ye Shengtao (1894- 1968), a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, is a famous modern writer and language educator in China, and is known as an "excellent language artist". After liberation, he served as deputy director of the General Administration of Publishing, president of People's Education Publishing House and vice minister of education, and was elected as the Standing Committee of the Fifth the NPC Standing Committee, the Fifth China People's Political Consultative Conference and the Chairman of the Central Committee for Democratic Progressive Party.

His representative works include the novel Ni Huanzhi, the short story Rambling about 35 fights, the collection of fairy tales The Scarecrow, and the Stone Statue of Ancient Heroes.

1July, 1930, Zhu Ziqing wrote a short article entitled Ye Shengtao I saw in Beiping Tsinghua Campus, in which he mentioned his feelings when he first met Ye Shengtao, 28, in the autumn of 192 1, and was infected by his "simple clothes and silent manners". In the subsequent communication, Zhu Ziqing saw many seemingly ordinary but rugged scenes in Ye Shengtao, and decided that Ye was taciturn and disgusted with arguments, extremely relaxed and never angry, which was a wise move. In addition, it is "out of nature", out of a natural state of life, that is, the pen is leisurely, the manuscript is extremely clear, the life is casual but orderly, and the attitude is positive but not very romantic. During his work as a novel editor, Mr. Ye Shengtao discovered and trained writers such as Mao Dun, Ba Jin, Ding Ling and Dai Wangshu, which can be called "literary bole" in the history of modern literature in China.

Two Suzhou Gardens

Suzhou is one of the first 24 famous historical and cultural cities in China. It has always been famous for its beautiful scenery and elegant gardens, and has the reputation of "Jiangnan Garden is the best in the world and Suzhou Garden is the first in Jiangnan".

Suzhou garden culture is profound, which integrates the strengths of various architectural factions and fully demonstrates the long history and splendid culture of the Chinese nation. It is a comprehensive work of art composed of architecture, landscape and flowers and trees, which integrates natural beauty, architectural beauty and painting beauty, and is a precious heritage in China's cultural treasure house. Suzhou garden area is not large, from four or five acres to less than one acre, but the gardening art is extremely exquisite, attracting worldwide attention for its different styles and originality. After Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master of Nets Garden and Huanxiu Villa were listed on the World Cultural Heritage List by UNESCO in 1997, Lion Grove, Canglang Pavilion, Art Garden and Lovers Garden were listed in the world at the end of 2000. Among the four famous gardens in China, Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden occupy two seats. 1985, Suzhou Garden was rated as one of the top ten scenic spots in China.

San Ye Sheng Tao and Suzhou Gardens

Mr. Ye Shengtao grew up in Suzhou, and he is full of deep affection for everything in Suzhou, especially for Suzhou gardens, which are well-known at home and abroad.

Suzhou is a beautiful garden city. According to Mr. Ye Shengtao himself, there are more than ten gardens visited. When I was in middle school, I organized a poetry club with my classmates Gu Jiegang and Wang, and often held literary activities in gardens such as Suzhou Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden.

After the founding of New China, he served as deputy director of the General Administration of Publishing and vice minister of education, and lived in Beijing for a long time. However, he is still troubled by Suzhou gardens. 1956, Tongji University published the Suzhou Garden Atlas compiled by Professor Chen Congzhou. After learning about it, Mr. Ye Shengtao wrote to buy this atlas. He himself said, "It's always fresh and interesting to have a look after work. Seeing it once is a pleasant enjoyment. "

At the beginning of 1979, Chen Congzhou invited Mr. Ye Shengtao to preface the Suzhou Garden Album published by Landscape Pictorial Publishing House, and Ye Shengtao generously agreed. The text is the preface written by Ye Lao for the album Suzhou Garden after his recovery from illness. In his preface, he summarized the charm of Suzhou gardens.

Mr. Ye Shengtao is familiar with Suzhou gardens and has in-depth research. His book Suzhou Gardens summarizes the basic characteristics of Suzhou Gardens from the perspective of the viewer. Today, let's walk into Mr. Ye Shengtao's Suzhou garden with deep garden complex.

Second, study the text.

The first step is to read the text extensively. To guide students to read quickly, it is required to mark the object of explanation with bullets, mark the overall impression of Suzhou gardens with horizontal lines, mark the order of explanation with serial numbers, mark the overall characteristics of Suzhou gardens with wavy lines, and point out the explanation methods with notes. On this basis, we can understand the structure and center of the explanatory text.

The teacher instructed the students to sort out:

Voice: If (t m 4 ng) If? Jian reward? Xie Xuan? Pond (zh o) hollowing out (lòu) overlapping mountains (zh dang)? Chou He (hè)? Loki (lín xún)? Consider (zhēn zhuó)? Dry (blue)

Description object: Similarities and overall impressions of nearly 200 gardens in Suzhou.

Overall impression: Suzhou Gardens are specimens of gardens in China, and gardens in China are more or less influenced by Suzhou Gardens.

The general feature: "painting is everywhere", which is embodied in four "stresses" and one "everywhere".

Understand the overall structure of the explanatory text.

1. Guide the students to divide the paragraphs and summarize the main idea.

Subject: Specimens from gardens all over the country.

Always say: No matter where you stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of you.

Pavilion layout

Cooperation between rockery and pond

Focus on big things? The foil of flowers and trees

What is the level of close-range and long-range view? People are picturesque.

Argument: the beauty of pictures in every corner

Attention to detail? Windows and doors carving time

Color matching of building materials

Conclusion: You can say more than what is written above.

2. What are the characteristics of this article in conception?

Clear: from the whole to the part. First of all, the article points out the similarities of Suzhou gardens: to ensure that no matter where tourists stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them. Since then, this similarity of Suzhou gardens has been explained in detail from four aspects: paying attention to the layout of pavilions, the coordination of rockery ponds, the foil of flowers and trees, and the level of close-up and long-term vision.

The arrangement of the article at the structural level is very clever. First, we don't follow the common spatial order, but adopt the interpretation order from total to minute. Make a general explanation first, that is, * * *: make sure that no matter where the visitor stands, there will always be a perfect picture in front of him. Second, around the center, from the main to the secondary, make specific explanations to make the article clear.

Second, what kind of center is this article expressing?

Clarity: Introduce the similarities and differences of Suzhou gardens, reproduce their picturesque beauty, and show the wisdom and superb garden art of China designers and craftsmen.

Third, summary.

Fourth, homework

1. Read the text carefully and finish the exercises after class.

2. Collect information about Suzhou gardens.

second kind

Teaching purpose:

Understand the text deeply and learn the basic methods of expository writing.

Teaching content and steps:

First, review the last section.

Second, study the text.

The second step is to read the text intensively and understand the elements and language of the explanatory text.

Guide students to understand the elements of expository writing

1. Read the first paragraph carefully and think about what is a "specimen"? Which of the following sentences does it echo? What does this paragraph mainly write?

Clear: The "specimen" in this paper refers to something that can be expressed in the same kind of things, that is, it can be used as a model for learning and imitation.

The response is: the gardens around the country are somewhat influenced by Suzhou gardens.

The main writing is: the position of Suzhou gardens in China garden art.

2. Read the second paragraph carefully and think about the similarities and differences between Suzhou gardens. How to understand this feature? How do the builders of gardens embody the same characteristics?

Clarity: Make sure that no matter where visitors stand, they always have a perfect picture in front of them. It shows that the standards pursued by Suzhou gardens are very high.

Pay attention to the layout of pavilions, the coordination of rockery ponds, the foil of flowers and trees, and the level of close-up vision.

3. Read the third paragraph carefully and think about what explanation methods are mainly used in this paragraph. What's the use of this explanation?

Clarity: mainly adopts analogy and comparison interpretation methods. The author uses pictures for analogy, compares symmetrical buildings to pattern paintings, and compares asymmetrical buildings to artistic paintings, which is simple and easy to understand, and lays the foundation for the following comparison. The latter article compares art painting with garden painting, highlighting the characteristics of Suzhou garden architecture that does not pay attention to symmetry.

4. Read the fourth paragraph carefully and think about the characteristics of rockery in Suzhou gardens. What are the characteristics of the pond?

Qing dynasty: rockeries are stacked on top of mountains, or several hills are decorated with bamboo flowers and trees, which makes visitors look from a distance, just like watching the sketches of Yunshan or Ni Yunlin in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, forgetting Suzhou City when climbing high, and only feeling that they are in the mountains.

Ponds and swamps refer to running water. Some of them are spacious, with the pond as the center of the whole park, and other scenery is also coordinated. If the pool is like a river, bridges are often arranged, and the bridges are different. The edge of a pond or river is always left to its own devices, where a few delicate stones are arranged or some flowers are planted. There are goldfish or carp of various colors in the pond, which constitutes the effect of a painting.

5. Read the fifth paragraph carefully and think about the order of interpretation adopted in this paragraph. Please analyze the content in detail.

Clear: This paragraph adopts the interpretation order from general paragraph to sub-paragraph. At first, it is always said that the characteristics of tree planting and pruning in Suzhou gardens focus on painting, and then it is explained that tree planting focuses on painting from the mutual collocation of tall trees and low trees, deciduous trees and evergreen trees, and flowers and trees with different flowers, and then it is explained that pruning also focuses on painting from various pruning States.

6. Read the last four paragraphs of the text carefully and think about the role of flower walls and corridors in Suzhou gardens. What are the characteristics of the turrets in Suzhou gardens? What about the doors and windows of Suzhou gardens? What's so particular about color?

Clear:

The role of flower walls and corridors in Suzhou gardens is to make them multi-level and have a sense of depth.

What are the characteristics of the turrets in Suzhou gardens? Pay attention to the beauty of painting.

The doors and windows of Suzhou gardens pay attention to: fine workmanship but not vulgar, forming a high degree of pattern beauty.

Pay attention to color: seldom use painting, pay attention to the contrast of colors, pay attention to the cooperation with vegetation colors, make people feel quiet and leisurely, and make all kinds of flowers bright and beautiful in various flowering seasons.

Guide students to understand the language of this lesson.

1. Find and analyze the sentences that can reflect the plain and accurate style of this article:

(1) "However, there is a * * * similarity between different gardens in Suzhou. It seems that designers and craftsmen are pursuing the same thing: to ensure that no matter where visitors stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them. " Can words with dots be deleted? Why?

Clear: cannot be deleted. "As if" is a speculation here, because these gardens were built in ancient times, and the designers and craftsmen have passed away. The author can't listen to them directly, he can only speculate.

"Must" indicates the firm pursuit of designers. Here, "must" plays an important and prominent role in the observation point of tourists.

⑵ Compare the words "As for ponds, most of them use running water" and "As for ponds, they all use running water" and explain why the expression effect is different.

Clear: the previous sentence is more objective to explain with "mostly". The author only introduces Suzhou gardens with his own knowledge, and does not rule out that individual ponds do not refer to running water; The last sentence is too absolute to use "all". It is not appropriate to say this without checking and verifying them one by one.

(3) "Suzhou Gardens have rockeries and ponds" and "Suzhou Gardens never pay attention to symmetry, as if to avoid it". Can you delete "Du" and "Never" in these two sentences?

Clarity: The words "Du" and "Never" in these two sentences express affirmation and are unambiguous at all.

2. Accumulate the following words

Identify and appreciate (works of art, cultural relics, etc.). ).

According to local conditions: according to the specific conditions of different regions, formulate corresponding measures. Because according to ...

Self-creation: creation and judgment from the heart. Mind cutting, design planning in mind (mostly about poetry, art, architecture, etc. )

Xie Xuan: Xuan, a porch or small room with windows; Pavilion, an open house built on the stage.

Mountains: overlapping peaks. Mountains, small and sharp mountains; Zhang, a mountain standing like a barrier. Mountain stack refers to the shape of rockery stack.

Experience: This article refers to the knowledge gained from experience.

There are hills and valleys in the chest: it means that there are mountains and rivers in the chest, and you know its interest. Gully refers to the landscape image in the text. Seagulls, gullies and pools in the mountains.

Similarity: refers to echo, and the text refers to the same rather than the same.

Exquisite: Exquisite and meticulous.

Pitching posture: some are down, some are up. Form all kinds of beautiful gestures.

Winding and rugged: winding and winding, also called winding; A rough and abrupt appearance.

Beaded with jewels: describe gorgeous costumes and furnishings; It also refers to the brilliance of pearls and treasures.

Things like that.

Ingenious: Have unique and ingenious ideas. Ingenuity, ingenuity.

Consider: consider whether something, etc. Is feasible or suitable.

Leisure: Leisure and comfort.

3. Combine the above words into paragraphs and write innovation and personality, not less than 150 words.

4. Organize students to communicate after writing, and then comment and summarize.

The third step is to select relevant content, combine reading and writing, and question and ask difficult questions.

The combination of reading and writing

1. What are the outstanding writing features of this article?

Clear organization: the author skillfully introduces the similarities of Suzhou gardens from the perspective of tourists, focusing on the impression they leave on tourists, and then introduces them in detail from the perspective of focusing on the big picture and focusing on the small things, avoiding writing individual gardens in many words and giving readers a distinct sense of wholeness.

2. Introduce a park or farmhouse with the structure of the total score, write an outline, and then communicate.

3. Teachers comment and summarize in the communication process.

Second, question and ask difficult questions.

Students are free to put forward what they don't understand or disagree with the author's point of view, and then discuss the solutions.

Third, summarize what you have learned in this class.

Guide students to summarize the language that should be accumulated in this class.

Second, guide students to summarize the methods of reading things.

Instruct students to summarize the application and function of the total score structure.

Instruct the students to think about what they have gained in appreciating the garden after learning this lesson.

Fourth, homework

1. Write a composition of not less than 600 words after revising the outline completed in class.

2. Preview.

Teaching reflection

The teaching focus of this course is to understand the language and master the basic reading methods and writing of expository texts.

The stimulating part of teaching focuses on stimulating students' interest in the author, introducing Suzhou gardens, stimulating students' interest in Suzhou gardens and introducing the writing background, and stimulating students' interest in the text itself.

The first step of reading is to guide students to interpret the basic methods of explanatory texts of things, so that students can understand the basic content and structural characteristics of the texts as a whole through combing.

The second step is to understand the elements, so that students can read carefully paragraph by paragraph, so that they can deeply understand the content of the text and understand the order and methods of explanation according to the characteristics of the content. In the part of understanding language, let students understand the characteristics of plain explanatory language by analyzing sentences, further deepen their understanding of the text and accumulate words, one is understanding, the other is using.

The third step is to combine reading and writing, grasp the most important structural characteristics of this paper, and let students strengthen their mastery by drawing up an outline, asking questions about difficult parts, allowing students to ask questions freely, and then guiding them to master.

From the perspective of teaching practice, the initial reason is that the materials are relatively novel, students listen attentively, and the first step is not difficult to understand as a whole. In addition, the method of marking while watching reduces the difficulty and the effect is ideal. The third step is that students' participation is high and the effect is ideal. The second step is difficult. Although there are not many terms in this course, the language is rich, and the methods adopted by the author are flexible, which makes it difficult for students to understand and summarize. In this way, teachers have more guidance.