How do photographers adjust the aperture and shutter?

1. First, determine which parameters are needed according to the occasion and the desired effect.

For example, if you want to blur the background, you should turn up the aperture.

You need a large depth of field to shoot the scenery, so turn down the aperture.

To shoot motion, you need a higher shutter to fix it.

If you want to express the dynamic effect through blurring, you need a slower shutter.

For hand-held shooting and snapshots in dark environment, try to use a larger aperture (generally, a higher ISO is needed to use the shutter speed as quickly as possible).

If you want to shoot a star-studded effect, use a smaller aperture.

Generally, when using the sub-factory lens, the maximum aperture is not used, but it is reduced by one level.

2. Look at the exposure indicator.

Now all cameras have TTL metering. If some antique film SLR cameras don't have an exposure meter, you need an extra hand-held exposure meter to measure light.

Turn the aperture or shutter dial on the camera and observe the exposure indicator bar on the display screen or shoulder screen to judge whether the exposure parameters are appropriate. When the exposure indicator bar points to the middle position (0), it indicates that the exposure is appropriate.

3. Further correct the exposure according to the color of the photometer.

Because the exposure meter is based on the reflectivity of ash in 18%, the color will also affect the accuracy of the exposure meter. The light reflection is large, and the exposure measured by the exposure meter is small, so the exposure should be increased. On the contrary, black should reduce exposure.

For example, I first make sure that I need to use an aperture of f/2.8.

Then adjust the shutter speed. When the shutter speed is adjusted to 120s, the light metering indicator bar shows the exposure just right.

The measured object accounts for a large proportion in the picture, and the color is dark, so slow down the shutter speed to 240s (one step lower), which is almost the correct exposure value.

4. Further modify the exposure parameters according to the creative needs.

For example, if you take a photo with a small fresh style, you need to adjust the parameters to be slightly exposed.

For example, when taking a silhouette, it is sometimes necessary to deliberately dim the exposure to make the photo slightly underexposed.

In a word, it's quite complicated to say, but it's not that difficult to operate in practice.

Practice more and try more, and you will soon master the basic skills of manual exposure.