Baby care instructions urinary tract infection in infancy

notes on baby care urinary tract infection in infancy When a baby has a high fever for no reason, after examination, it is found that it is not viral infection, but most babies are usually caused by urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infection in infancy, what health hazards may it bring to the baby? How should parents be careful? And look at this article, children's nephrology professional doctors for your detailed explanation!

What health hazards may the urinary tract infection in infancy bring to the baby? How should parents be careful? And look at this article, children's nephrology professional doctors for your detailed explanation!

Ways of urinary tract infection

Ceng Min Hua, director of nephrology department of Linkou Chang Gung Children's Hospital, said that the urinary system itself is sterile, but if bacteria are cultured from the baby's urine and the urine collection method is correct, it can be confirmed that the baby has urinary tract infection. Usually, the most common way of urinary tract infection is from the society to the urinary system, which is called ascending infection.

The other one is the infection caused by blood route; That is, the blood with bacteria (bacteremia) passes through the blood to the kidneys and even infects the whole urinary system. In addition, the rarest thing is that there is bacterial infection in the tissues near the kidney or urinary system, which then spreads to the whole urinary tract infection. Among them, ascending urinary tract infection is the most common, accounting for more than 95% of the infection rate.

Analyze the causes of the baby's infection

Every baby looks clean and flawless. However, why are some babies prone to rising urinary tract infections? Dr. Ceng Min Hua said that the bacteria that cause urinary tract infection are usually related to the bacteria that meet * * *, while the bacteria that meet * * * are mainly from the gastrointestinal tract. Among them, the most common and least unexpected is Escherichia coli, which is the most important and common bacteria that causes urinary tract infections in infants.

Is the upward infection of Escherichia coli in the baby's urinary tract related to the parents' care style? Dr. Ceng Min Hua said that if parents have the possibility of poor cleaning, it will certainly lead to an increase in the number of Escherichia coli and urinary tract bacteria. However, if the increase of bacteria does not necessarily lead to urinary tract infection, such as children's urinary tract bacterial infection, once the baby has suffered from it once in the past, the probability of recurrence will be higher than that of the baby who has never been infected. According to literature statistics, before the child is seven years old, about 2% boys and 8% girls are infected with urinary tract infection.

In fact, it is a normal state for bacteria to go up to the urinary tract mucosa and cause infection, which may be related to some factors. For example, there is something wrong with the congenital structure of urinary tract, and about 3% of infants with urinary tract infection have this kind of congenital abnormality. Among these 3%, ureterovesical reflux is the most common, and it is also a problem that needs special attention in clinic.

Secondly, the junction between the renal pelvis and ureter is too narrow, which makes it difficult for the baby's urine to be discharged clean; Rarely, the ureterovesical junction is narrow; Furthermore, it may be related to abnormal bladder structure. If it is not a structural problem, it may be an abnormality in the nervous system, for example, nervous bladder, urine is easy to accumulate in the bladder, and urine is easy to remain after urination. However, structural factors still account for the majority, and the rest are caused by "bladder dysuria" and other reasons. Baby care notes: urinary tract infection in infancy < P > and chronic severe constipation may also lead to bladder dysuria and urinary tract infection. In addition, whether the male baby has serious phimosis will increase the chance of urinary tract infection. Dr. Zeng emphasized that the problem of serious phimosis in the male baby is not the main cause of urinary tract infection, and it is not necessarily related to urinary tract infection. According to related research, all the boys with phimosis will find that only one of about 1 babies can be prevented from urinary tract infection after phimosis resection. However, Dr. Zeng pointed out that it is often found in clinic that some children's phimosis is really serious; For example, when he urinates, because the urine can't be removed, the front end of phimosis expands like a balloon, and it takes a long time for the urine inside to be gradually eliminated, which is a serious phimosis problem. If the baby really has a serious phimosis and has the problem of repeated urinary tract infections, then you can try to treat the serious phimosis by applying medicine first.

Finally, if the baby's urinary tract infection is not caused by the above factors, then it may really be due to physical factors. It may be because the recipient of the baby's own mucosa is more compatible with bacteria. Children with no obvious causes of infection like this gradually reduce urinary tract infections after one year old. Furthermore, before the age of one, the problem of urinary tract infection is more serious for male babies than for female babies, but after the age of one, there will be more problems of urinary tract infection for female babies than for male babies. Because the female baby sometimes has the problem of sticking, it is easy to hide germs in the urethral opening, or it is easy to cause urinary tract infection because of the short urethra and other factors. Harm to kidney should not be underestimated

Dr. Ceng Min Hua pointed out that the main structures of urinary tract include ureter, bladder and kidney. If the pathogen is highly toxic, the patient's immunity or resistance is weak, the diagnosis is delayed, and proper and active treatment is lacking, it may first cause inflammation near the bladder and ureter, and finally affect the kidney. The danger is that when the kidney is infected once or twice, the kidney will have an increased chance of scabbing, causing irreversible kidney damage. The number of scabs in the kidney is directly proportional to the number of kidney infections. Therefore, the more times the kidney is inflamed, the higher the chance and the greater the scope of kidney scabs.

Does kidney scab cause any serious consequences? For example, Dr. Zeng said that if the kidney has 1 units, if the scab caused by infection has 5 units, it means that 5% of the kidney structure is destroyed. In short, 5% of the kidney function will be lost. Therefore, long-term urinary tract infection can lead to repeated inflammation of the kidney, and repeated inflammation of the kidney will cause scabbing of the kidney, which will cause poor renal function. In the long run, not only the function of the kidney itself declines, but also the sequelae of hypertension and proteinuria are easy to occur in the end.

3% of the baby's urinary tract infection is related to its own abnormal urinary tract structure. Because during pregnancy, the development of fetal kidney and ureter is synchronous; In other words, some babies with severe ureteral reflux often have the problem of dysplasia in the congenital structure of the kidney. This kind of congenital renal urinary tract malformation (CAKUT), that is, babies with abnormal ureteral structure, will increase the probability of urinary tract infection and cause kidney function damage. Moreover, those babies with severe ureteral reflux are likely to have congenital renal dysplasia, coupled with acquired infection and scab, and even have the risk of kidney washing in the worst case.

Therefore, pregnant women also deserve special attention. Dr. Zeng said that at present, ultrasound can diagnose whether most babies have congenital abnormalities in kidney structure, but a small number of urinary tract reflux phenomena may not be seen in the fetus. Urinary reflux is caused by the ureter sending urine to the kidney in reverse when the bladder contracts, but this process is dynamic, while ultrasound is static. Therefore, unless the degree of reflux is quite serious, ultrasound is not easy to detect this situation. Baby care instructions urinary tract infection in infancy

infection precursor! Be careful when your baby has a fever < P > What parents can actively guard against is that when they find that their child has a high fever and there is nothing unusual, they should carefully consider whether there is a possibility of urinary tract infection. If it is a urinary tract infection, you should give your baby proper treatment and avoid any chance of causing kidney inflammation. During the treatment, we should carefully evaluate whether there are any abnormal factors in the urinary tract structure, so as to improve the function of the baby's urinary tract through close tracking, preventive antibiotics to reduce urinary tract infection, or even countercurrent surgery.

Before five years old, besides Streptococcus pneumoniae, urinary tract infection in infancy is also one of the biggest factors of bacterial infection. If the baby is over five years old and still has urinary tract infections frequently, it is necessary to pay attention to the possibility of abnormal urinary tract structure. Therefore, the infection caused by urinary tract abnormalities may also be discovered when the baby grows older. Because children usually have a fever and don't have a routine urine test, parents should take special precautions against the baby's infection. < P > Fever in infants is the most common precursor of urinary tract infection. However, viral infections, including rotavirus, adenovirus, respiratory fusion virus, influenza virus, etc., can also lead to baby fever. However, if the baby does not have the symptoms of infection related to the above virus, or has abnormal urine such as foul odor and turbidity, it is necessary to doubt whether it is a possibility of urinary tract infection. Babies who have suffered from urinary tract infection should be careful whether there is the possibility of recurrent urinary tract infection, so parents should not be careless!

Precursors of urinary tract infection

* High fever, unknown fever and unstable body temperature (fever or hypothermia).

* restless and sluggish growth.

* lethargy, cramps and poor appetite.

* nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

* Delayed jaundice, cyanosis, spasm and shock.

* The urine is turbid, with thick secretion and foul smell. Care details and tips

Dr. Ceng Min Hua said that if the baby is prone to urinary tract infection, parents should maintain the baby's hygiene when taking care of it at ordinary times to reduce the chance of bacterial overgrowth. For example, if there is poop on the diaper, the diaper should be replaced as soon as possible. When changing diapers for your baby, clean your hands carefully and then change them for your child. When taking a bath, don't let the baby take a bath for too long, or let the child take a bath after a simple cleaning before entering the water. When taking the baby out, if the baby urinates, wash the ass with clean water and change the diaper immediately; As for any antibiotic use, be sure to follow the doctor's advice before using it!