Theoretical basis of ecotourism based on tourism ecology theory

Eco-tourism is a special form of tourism, and its destination is natural areas or some specific cultural areas. And tourists are highly knowledgeable and high-quality tourists. The purpose of their travel is to learn the natural and historical knowledge of local culture and environment by traveling to natural areas and specific cultural areas. In this process, not only tourists can benefit, but also tourist destinations can benefit. More importantly, in the process of all this, the tourist destination is still unaffected by the outside world and still maintains its original flavor. Ecotourism has nine basic characteristics.

1. Ecotourism is protective;

2. Ecotourism is natural;

3. Ecotourism is beneficial;

4. Eco-tourism is scientific;

5. Ecotourism is professional;

6. Eco-tourism has a high grade;

7. Eco-tourism is participatory;

8. Ecotourism is ornamental;

9. Ecotourism is very popular.

2. What is the theoretical basis of ecotourism?

Say some nonsense first.

Ecology is an interdisciplinary subject of environmental protection and ecology. It can be said that the branch of environmental protection is a variety of interdisciplinary subjects produced by various disciplines.

As the name implies, environmental ecological engineering is something related to engineering in environmental ecology, which has the same relationship with environmental protection and environmental engineering. Theoretically, a graduate majoring in environmental ecological engineering can do all the work related to environmental ecology, because he should not have a major in environmental ecological science. It is estimated that 90% of the courses at this level in China are the same. So regarding employment and direction, I will focus on environmental ecology.

The difference between environmental engineering and environmental engineering is simple. Ecology is a branch of environmental protection. Ecological engineering is a branch of environmental engineering. However, it should be noted that the general environmental protection projects are the business of the environmental protection department (the pipe network in the municipal sewage is still working), but in general, the ecological zone means a little environmental protection. Some local forestry departments are more involved.

About the work content (in fact, the branch direction. Let's talk about various working environments first.

It's just a research institute. Environmental protection company. Environmental protection agency.

Research institutes and design institutes

(mainly environmental protection research institutes):

1. Do related research projects. Main contents: biodiversity research, nature reserve research, wildlife, wetland environment, desertification control, etc. Long-term follow-up observation and evolution of typical ecosystems; Emergency response to disasters and accidents. For example, XX ecological environment monitoring and early warning technology research.

2. Undertake some tasks of higher authorities, including policy research, data investigation and analysis, various evaluations, various planning and monitoring. 1 and 2 are different. Such as the investigation of plant diversity in XX area, the construction of XX ecological management system, the division of XX ecological functional areas, and the ecological planning of XX.

3. Entrusted by other government departments: not their own competent departments. Most of the consulting work on ecology comes from the government. For example, the investigation of the basic situation of XXX nature reserve, the evaluation or restoration scheme of XXX scenic spot ecosystem, etc.

4. Out of society. Part of the design work of ecological environmental impact assessment, ecological investigation and completion acceptance of environmental protection facilities caused by construction projects. This environmental protection company can also do it, but it is rare. Same as 3.

Environmental protection company

: Generally, larger companies. Still very professional. Will have a gift for this. Because there is not much business, sometimes even if there is, I have to work in a sewage treatment plant. This company mainly does some design and construction related to desertification control, vegetation restoration, landscape wetlands, wetland parks, protected areas and watershed ecological control. It shows that many big projects here are not made by environmental protection companies at present, but actually by other companies. In addition to design and construction, some professional companies may develop their own processes related to ecological restoration. In a word, the received projects are similar to the design and construction of sewage treatment system for ecological landscape in XX tourist village, the design and construction of ecological restoration in XX scenic spot, and the design and construction of XXXX (plant) protection point in XXX province. General environmental protection companies consult in the early stage of ecological projects, mainly for the later stage of project construction.

Environmental protection agency

I won. Not to mention the official ape. The work content is similar. (eldest brother, civil servant, ask not to spray. I was wrong. )

About employment

It says three dollars. In fact, it is also the three major employment trends of any professional graduates. If you don't start your own business, this major is definitely not suitable at this stage. Then, due to the ecological environment, there are other employment channels.

1, forestry bureau and other environmental protection systems need ecological professional government agencies.

2 management departments of various protected areas and scenic spots.

3. Other non-environmental protection companies and institutions that need ecology majors.

From 20 10 to 20 12, the social and economic benefits of forest resources are mainly manifested in maintaining ecological balance, optimizing the living environment of human beings and organisms, moderately developing forest economy, developing forest tourism and health industry.

Tourism is a special industry. It is an industry that provides tourism services based on tourism resources and facilities. Also known as smokeless industry and invisible trade. Among them, tourism resources, tourism facilities and tourism services are the three major factors for the survival and development of tourism.

The main functions of tourism:

(1) economic function. As a comprehensive industry, the development of tourism is conducive to alleviating the employment problem, promoting the development of other industries, promoting the development of regional economy, accelerating the infrastructure construction of tourist destinations and improving the lives of local residents.

(2) Ecological function. Tourism is called smokeless industry, which shows that tourism is an industry with relatively low environmental cost and relatively high output benefit of emission reduction.

(3) Cultural function. In tourism, different cultures can communicate and merge, sparks of wisdom collide in communication, and the essence of different cultures is extracted in integration.

(4) Communication function. The communication function mentioned here can be broadly understood as informal folk communication, which is characterized by comprehensiveness, continuity and depth. The so-called comprehensiveness means that this kind of communication can involve all fields except formal diplomacy. The so-called persistence means that this kind of communication lasts for a long time.

(5) Leisure function. In modern society, with the acceleration of the pace of life and work, people are at a loss in their work, life and social relations for a long time. In order to eliminate tension, they will naturally seek solutions, and tourism is one of the ways to achieve this goal.

(6) Educational function. At first, tourists were all intellectuals. They are addicted to scenery and visiting places of interest. Even if they want to relieve their troubles, it is more important to feel nature, explore wisdom and seek novelty. These are all studies. The ancients said, read thousands of books and take Wan Li Road.

3. Theory and practice of ecotourism

What does the tourism management major do? Mainly study the basic theory and knowledge of tourism management, accept the basic training of tourism management, and have the basic ability to analyze and solve problems. In the past, it was mainly divided into travel agency direction and hotel direction, and now it also includes exhibition management, flight attendants, tourism planning and other directions. Tourism management is a very broad direction, involving very complex knowledge.

The course of tourism management is very complicated, mainly including some courses: introduction to tourism, tourism management, tourism policies and regulations, travel agency business, travel agency management, tourism geography, tourism psychology, tourism economics, travel agency operation and management, tourism marketing, tourism English, tourism accounting, hotel management, hotel catering, introduction to tourism, tourism culture, tourism resource development and management, scenic spot planning and management, tourism safety, tourism enterprise human resource management and so on. Courses such as tourist source, regional overview, tourism financial management, tourism project management, tourism information system, microeconomics and so on will be different in different schools and majors!

Third, is the tourism management major good? Low starting point for employment: after graduating from hotel management, unless you are particularly excellent, you generally need to go to the grassroots level for exercise, generally starting from the dishwasher, bed maker and cleaning staff at the bottom of the hotel (even five-star and Starwood); To put it mildly, rotation management trainees, starting from the grassroots level, mean that an undergraduate graduate and a high school student are engaged in the same position, which is prone to a huge psychological gap. However, the future development direction of tourism management specialty is very broad: eating, living, traveling, traveling, shopping, entertainment and so on. Can be the development direction of tourism management specialty. Tourism represents a comprehensive industrial cluster, with many occupations to choose from! In addition to travel agencies and hotels, there are also tourism planning, tourism research, tourism planning, tourism e-commerce, scenic spots, tourism real estate, tourism investment, tourism analysis, tourism consultation, tourism channel planning, tourism operation, tourism periphery, tourism media, tourism exhibitions and so on. In travel agencies, there are also planning, ticketing, business and other positions. Even the hotel is divided into rooms, lobby, catering, kitchen and other departments.

After graduation, the employment prospects of tourism management major are generally engaged in management, service and teaching in hotels, travel agencies, scenic spots, tourism consulting companies, tourism planning institutions, tourism e-commerce enterprises, tourism marketing planning enterprises, tourism colleges and tourism service related departments. Or start a business in the tourism industry! Graduates majoring in tourism management don't get a high salary in the early stage. Just graduated, the basic salary is generally 2-3k, the junior management position is 3-4k, the intermediate level is 5-8k, and the top level is tens of kilograms a month. Five excellent schools of tourism management in China: Beijing Foreign Studies University, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Huaqiao University, Nankai University, Shanghai Normal University, Northwest University, Yunnan University, Zhejiang University and Sun Yat-sen University.

4. Basic knowledge of ecotourism theory

1. Master basic knowledge and experimental skills such as general biology and ecology;

2. Master the basic methods of using modern information technology to query bioinformatics data, retrieve documents and obtain relevant information, and have the ability to design experiments, analyze results, write papers and participate in academic exchanges;

3. Familiar with the national ecological information industry policy, intellectual property rights and biosafety regulations and other relevant policies and regulations;

4. Understand the theoretical frontier, application prospect and latest development of ecological informatics;

5. Good scientific and humanistic quality and strong English application ability, strong self-study ability, innovation ability and independent problem-solving ability;

6. Have good ideological and moral quality and cultural accomplishment, and be physically and mentally healthy;

7. Have good scientific quality, competitive consciousness, innovative consciousness and cooperative spirit. The basic principles of extended data ecology usually include four aspects: individual ecology, population ecology, community ecology and ecosystem ecology. A healthy ecosystem is stable and sustainable: it can keep its organizational structure, autonomy and resilience to pressure in time. A healthy ecosystem can maintain its complexity and meet human needs. The application idea of the basic principles of ecology is to imitate the biological production, energy flow, material circulation and information transmission of natural ecosystems to establish human social organizations, taking natural energy flow as the main factor, minimizing artificial additional energy, seeking to produce maximum comprehensive benefits with minimum consumption, and solving various environmental crises faced by human beings.

5. Ecotourism theory

Significance of eco-tourism: tourism with unique ecological environment as the main landscape. Guided by the concept of sustainable development, based on the premise of protecting the ecological environment, based on the principle of harmonious development between man and nature, relying on a good natural ecological environment and a unique humanistic ecosystem, ecological experience, ecological education and ecological cognition are carried out in an eco-friendly way, so as to obtain psychological and physical pleasure. Eco-tourism is an important part of the ecological development of a region or a protected area. It not only plays an important role in promoting regional economic and social development, but also is the driving force for the further development of protected areas. Returning to nature is to watch, travel and explore in the ecological environment, aiming at enjoying the fresh, relaxed and comfortable harmonious atmosphere between nature and people, exploring and understanding nature, improving health, cultivating sentiment, receiving environmental education and enjoying natural and cultural heritage. Promote the benign operation of natural ecosystems. Whether it is eco-tourists, eco-tourism operators or even profitable local residents, they should make contributions to protecting the ecological environment from destruction. In other words, eco-tourism can only show its real scientific significance if both tourism and protection are guaranteed.

6. Theoretical basis and management practice of ecotourism.

First of all, the concept is different.

1. Public welfare forest

Generally speaking, public welfare forests refer to forests, trees and woodlands that mainly provide public welfare and social products or services in order to maintain and improve the ecological environment, maintain ecological balance, protect biodiversity and meet the ecological and social needs of human society and sustainable development.

2. Ecological public welfare forest

Ecological public welfare forest refers to protective forest and special-purpose forest with extremely important ecological position or fragile ecological condition, which plays an important role in ecological security, biodiversity protection and sustainable economic and social development. Its main business purpose is to provide forest ecological and social service products.

Second, in different ways.

1. Public welfare forest

1) Actively encourage scientific investigation, positioning observation, experimental research, popular science education, germplasm collection, eco-tourism, species and genetic preservation, natural heritage preservation and other utilization modes closely related to the leading functions of ecological public welfare forests.

2) Non-timber resources can be developed by using various resources under the forest if conditions permit.

3) Strictly control the logging and regeneration of public welfare forests, and prohibit logging, tending and transformation activities with the main purpose of producing wood.

2. Ecological public welfare forest

Ecological public welfare forests are forests, trees and woodlands with the main management purposes of protecting and improving human living environment, maintaining ecological balance, conserving species resources, scientific experiments, forest tourism and homeland security.

Third, the classification is different.

1. Public welfare forest

According to the relevant provisions of the state and the province, forests, trees and suitable woodlands, including shelter forests and special-purpose forests, which have been demarcated, announced and signed with the agreement on the protection of public welfare forests. It is divided into national, provincial and municipal public welfare forests.

2. Ecological public welfare forest

In China, ecological public welfare forests are divided into national public welfare forests and local public welfare forests according to their intensity grades. National public