What's the use of hiking ropes in the wild?

What's the use of hiking ropes in the wild?

What's the use of climbing a rope in the wild? Climbing rope is an important tool for outdoor sports. It can protect itself when necessary, and even be used as a tool for survival. Climbing ropes can alleviate some hazards. Let's watch the use of climbing ropes in the wild with me!

What's the use of hiking ropes in the wild 1 1? What's the use of climbing ropes in the wild?

Whether in history or today, climbing rope is the most important equipment in mountaineering and rock climbing. Climbing techniques such as ascent, descent and protection are all centered on climbing ropes. Iron locks, safety belts and many other aerial work supplies can only play a role if they are hooked with climbing ropes.

2. Selection of climbing rope

For different types of climbing, the climbing ropes used will be very different.

If the climber is mainly engaged in competitive rock climbing, single rope is the best choice, because the protection points on the line are relatively safe and reliable, and the use and operation of the rope are relatively simple. For friends who like traditional rock climbing or ice and snow climbing, half rope can give full play to its advantages. This climbing route is relatively complex, the protection point is not necessarily firm and reliable, the diameter of the half rope is small, the ductility is large, and the impact on the protection point when falling is much smaller than that of a single rope, which improves the safety factor.

According to the particularity of ice and snow climbing, it is suggested to use waterproof half rope. This kind of rope is also called "dry rope" because the significance of keeping the rope dry is very obvious in the ice and snow environment. Although the strength of the frozen rope will not change obviously, it is very difficult to operate and it is difficult to knot at first. Secondly, it is almost impossible to insert the frozen rope into the protector.

Some ropes have dark marks in the middle, or the two halves of the rope are made of fibers of different colors. The advantage of this is to remind the climber of the midpoint of the rope and prevent the slipping and falling accident caused by the different lengths of the ropes on both sides when descending.

3. Matters needing attention in binding climbing rope

Secure the end of the rope. Although the mountaineering ropes sold in the market are all processed, if the ropes sold in meters are cut into suitable lengths for use, it is necessary to fix both ends of the ropes. If this point is ignored, the end of the rope may be scattered in use, causing danger.

Check the rope before use. Ropes with scars or kinks may break during use, so be sure to check them before use. If there is any kink, be sure to repair it.

Don't wet the rope. Even the waterproof rope should be protected from moisture, because the water-absorbing rope is not only heavy, but also slippery and very difficult to use.

Understand the safe use of ropes and loads. The weight that the rope can bear is determined by the thickness, material and use conditions. When buying a rope, you must explain the purpose of use to the clerk, and then choose a safety rope that can bear the weight of the purpose.

Introduction to mountaineering index

As we all know, UIAA certified power rope mainly has two indicators, namely the first impact force and UIAAFALLS, but most domestic climbers don't know that there are three other indicators that are also the key to choosing power rope for climbing. These three indexes are: cutting resistance index, wear resistance index and water resistance.

1, cutting resistance index

The acute angle will have fatal consequences for the transverse cutting of the rope. When the rope is loaded, it is easily cut by sharp objects. In UIAA's standard anti-cutting test, an 80kg weight needs to fall from a height of 5m, and the rope is cut at the edge of a sharp object with a radius of 5 mm. In the first experiment, the rope will not be damaged. Only in this way can we pass the anti-cutting index test.

2. Wear resistance index

Tie a 10 kg weight to the climbing rope and rub it longitudinally on the rotating sand wheel until the outer net of the rope is broken (that is, the rope is white as climbers often say). The time of rope wear directly reflects the longitudinal wear resistance of rope.

3. Waterproof

Waterproof rope is what we often call dry rope. The outer net of this rope is generally treated with Teflon waterproof. The strength of the rope will be reduced by more than 20% after being soaked in water. In mountaineering, the waterproof rope will freeze after being soaked in snow water, which will greatly reduce its strength and be very dangerous.

Method of binding mountaineering rope

1, method of binding climbing rope

This is a way to bind the rope by dividing it into left and right sides without kinking. When splitting the rope, the length of one time is preferably equal to the maximum distance between the hands. If it is too short, the tied rope may become too big. When tying, if one hand can't carry it, you can also wear it on your wrist.

2, climbing rope knot method

Other knotting methods of climbing rope:

① Half knot and double fishing knot. This method is the best choice to connect two ropes, because it is easier to untie after bearing.

2 pairs of fisherman's knots. It is most suitable for connecting runners or ropes that are often placed (not often untied), because it is more difficult to untie after bearing weight.

③ Double knot. Easy to knot and adjust, very suitable for fixed-point erection.

(4) Drag the knot. A knot that can restrict the rope from moving in only one direction, which is suitable for towing some light objects (such as rope climbing; It can be used to drag your backpack, especially when no one helps you carry it.

⑤ Italian half knot. This knot can be used to make sure, especially when you lose or don't bring your equipment, it's best not to drop it intentionally, or the rope will get tangled easily. Italian half knot+a runner)+a big mouth with a lock shackle, which is equivalent to a simple sling and descending device. It is the best necessary equipment for a climber to climb every time. Sometimes you can use it yourself, sometimes you can help others.

What's the use of hiking ropes in the wild 2 1. What kind of rope do you choose?

Answer: Semi-static rope

They are designed for caves and canyons. They are moderately elastic and can accept some limited falling energy.

B. Dynamic microscope

With its technical characteristics and dynamic server, it can slow down the impact and accept the falling energy. Used for mountain climbing and climbing.

C. Single rope (single rope)

As the name implies, it is used by a single root. Designed for climbing surfaces, it is most suitable for routes that are close to the vertical angle and do not descend from ropes.

D. double rope

Double rope is very important for mountain climbing and long-distance rock climbing, in which the rope must be put down. (Warm injection is generally used at the same time, and can be used alone when the risk of falling is small). It is not very timely in ensuring quality, for example, in the ice and snow environment, the explanation is also very good.

E. double strand rope

Because the two strands must be used together all the time, the practical use is very limited, and it is best to stop producing this kind of rope. We already have a double-rope ice line as light as a double rope.

F. the gameplay is different, and the rope is different.

Ropes used for mountaineering, rock climbing, burrowing or traveling are technically different for different sports, so you'd better choose the rope that suits your scope and level best.

G. Marks on rope ends

In the rope head generally marked with:

H. rope length

I. Rope type mark: 1, single rope; (1/2) double rope; (00) Double rope; C grain rope; O travel rope

J. According to the scale: CE European scale UIAA international boarding scale

2. Basic indicators

A. Impact force

For a single rope, the standard stipulates that the falling coefficient of an object with a weight of 80KG is 2 (the maximum falling coefficient cannot exceed 12 kn during warm injection). Double rope, it is forbidden to fall 55KG, with a coefficient of 2, not exceeding 8 kN. After repeated impact and utilization, the impact force of the rope will increase. The less impact the rope you choose, the longer it will last.

B. Knotability (knotability)

The inner diameter of a single knot subjected to a pulling force of 10KG must be less than 1 of the cable diameter. 1 times, the smaller this number, the more flexible the rope.

C. Digital Waterfall

In order to meet the standard, the rope must be able to withstand five consecutive falls with a coefficient of 2. The number of available drops decreases with the increase of rope service time, so ropes with more drops can be used for a longer time. Be careful, because they weigh differently during the test.

D. Number of garbage bins

The sheath is wrapped around the core of the rope, which is the visible part of the rope. It consists of many strands of monofilaments, each of which is wound on a spindle. For the same diameter, the more spindles, the better the dynamic performance of the sheath, and the less spindles, the more wear resistance. Therefore, people choose 48-axis TopGun for better dynamic performance or 32-axis WallMasterIII for better wear resistance.

E. Expansion (extension)

Under the tension of 80KG, the single rope cannot exceed 8%, and the double rope cannot exceed 10%. It is this elasticity that enables the rope to accept the falling energy. The extension should not be too big, otherwise it will become a bungee cord.

F. diameter and weight.

Ropes with larger diameters generally have a longer service life, but they are also heavy and difficult to use. On the lines where weight and ease of use are important, it is best to choose thinner ropes. The overall performance of rope should be considered as the balance between weight and dynamic performance. It is suggested that the most important thing is the weight of the rope rather than the size.

G. Sheath slippage

Sheath and core are two independent parts. If their structures are not well matched, there will be a tendency of relative sliding, and the sheath will begin to deform. Under the constant friction of reducer, loose areas and bulges will be formed around the wire core, resulting in sleeve effect. This phenomenon will lead to faster "wear", especially when it is protected above or improperly used, and it will also lead to the danger that the rope will get stuck on the reducer or protection device. European standards and UIAA seek different indicators. According to European standards, after a 2m rope is pulled through a specific device, the slip of the sheath is less than 40mm or 2%, while UIAA is more severe, pleading for less than 20mm or 1%.

3. Decline coefficient

The fall coefficient is determined by the severity of the fall. The greater the coefficient, the more serious the fall. In rock climbing, this is calculated from 0 to 2 by dividing the effective rope length by the falling interval. The severity of falling is not a function of falling interval, but a function of this ratio, because the longer the rope is, the longer it can stretch to receive falling energy. For example, a drop of 5 meters, a rope length of 2.5 meters, and a drop coefficient of 2.

4. Impact force

Answer: The impact force is:

The power transmitted to the climber when falling is forbidden. It will also follow the rope to the fixed point, the carabiner and the protector. The function of the rope is to receive the falling energy and reduce the impact force and its function. The choice of rope is the fundamental factor. In this respect, the quality of rope is judged by its ability to cause low impact and its ability to preserve slander after repeated impacts.

B. Maximum impact force

This is measured according to the scale, which is the most serious situation, with a coefficient of 2. This is the number given in the rope performance index.

C. Changes in impact force In continuous falling, the dynamic performance of the rope is weakened and the impact force is enhanced. If the impact force of a new rope approaches the upper limit of the scale, it will not last as long as another rope with better dynamic performance.

D. What if the impact is too great?

E. Danger is on the running beach.

In the process of falling, the protection point is acted by two forces, which combine into a pulling force. If the rope can't receive enough energy, the stress on the protection point will be great, which increases the risk of failure of the protection point. The rope with small impact force is the crux of reducing the force on the protection point.

F. hard protection

If the force passed to the protector is too great, it will be more difficult to prohibit falling, and the rope runs too fast in the protective equipment.

G. Danger of climbers

If the fall is not well controlled, the climber will suffer direct consequences.

Performance of climbing main rope

First of all, mountaineering ropes must have UIAA certification. UIAA has a stern plea for qualified climbing ropes, so I won't say much here. For a single rope, the two most important ones are 12kN (the falling weight is 80kg). The rope will not stop within five consecutive falls, and the falling coefficient is 2. But don't think that the rope marked UIAA has the same performance. Performance varies greatly, and service life also varies greatly. How to judge the difference of rope performance, it is important to look at the above two aspects (impact force means better protection for climbers (less tension on protectors and fixed points), and the higher UIAAfalls means the longer service life of ropes (the ability of ropes to continue to extend after falling again and again). In this paper, the rope (9. 7mm cannot be compared with the performance of11mm.