Walk into Hengduan Mountain, Hengduan Mountain

as early as more than 2 million years ago, the northern drift of India collided with Eurasia, and as a result of the extrusion of the two plates, the east-west Himalayas and the north-south Hengduan Mountains were highlighted. Hengduan Mountain Range is located at the junction of Qinghai, Tibet, Yunnan and Sichuan provinces, where many great rivers in Asia, such as Nujiang River, Jinsha River and Lancang River, originate. Here, the mountains are high and the valleys are deep, and the rivers are swift. The gap between the two sides of the canyon is generally about 25 meters. "You can hear it across the river, and it takes half a year to meet."

in the cold winter, the reporter drove more than a thousand kilometers to Hengduan mountain area, and what he saw and heard was refreshing.

The ecology in the upper reaches of the "Three Rivers" is good

White snow peaks, dark green pine forests and golden yellow pastures, in turn, are the clear rivers flowing slowly. This is the beautiful scenery that reporters often see when interviewing along the Nujiang River, Lancang River and Jinsha River in early winter.

In mid-November, the reporter set out from Lhasa, and after dozens of days of bumps, he crossed numerous north-south mountains from west to east and reached the depths of Hengduan Mountain. A few years ago, the phenomenon of deforestation in the upper reaches of the "Three Rivers" was serious, and some abandoned trees were lying on the hillside from time to time. As the saying goes, "relying on mountains to eat mountains". In the past, people in Hengduan mountain area burned more than ten cubic meters of wood a year for cooking, drinking and heating. In Changdu area alone, people need to consume about 1.5 million cubic meters of wood every year to maintain their lives. The reporter saw in several counties in Hengduan mountain area that the local people chopped several logs with a diameter of more than one meter for burning wood. The people who chopped wood did not agree with the reporter's surprise and said, "Burning such wood is a common practice in the local area."

The exterior walls of people's houses in Hengduan Mountain area are basically built with logs, with wooden beams and columns, and the interior is all wooden floors. It takes at least 1 cubic meters of wood to build a house, and it takes more than 2 cubic meters to pay attention to it.

At present, the "Natural Forest Protection Project" has been widely implemented in the "Three Rivers" basin. Passing through Jiangda County, Tibet, we can see that most of the earth and stone on both sides of the valley have been covered by shrubs and new trees, and pieces of cement monuments to "protect natural forests" stand impressively on the roadside, warning people to cherish every grass and tree here.

The Yunnan Golden Monkey Nature Reserve in Honglashan, Mangkang County has a forest coverage rate of over 7%, with a protected area of over 1, hectares. Standing at Honglashankou at an altitude of 4,18 meters in Mangkang County, the reporter saw that in the low and dense bushes on the hillside, a row of tall placards of "No hunting of wild animals" stood conspicuously. In the slight mountain breeze, Daoji, director of the Honglashan Nature Reserve Administration, told reporters that the number of Yunnan golden monkeys in the reserve has increased significantly due to measures such as banning logging and hunting. At present, there are mainly three groups of Yunnan golden monkeys in the mountainous area, and the largest group has more than 4 monkeys.

in order to protect the vegetation in the upper reaches of the "Three Rivers", Jiangda County, located in the west of the upper reaches of the Jinsha River, has converted cultivated land with a slope of more than 25 degrees into forests, with a total area of more than 1, mu. The responsibility for closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation in dege county, Sichuan Province on the east side of the upper reaches of Jinsha River lies with people. Degesequ Forest Farm under Queer Mountain, which is known as "the first danger of Sichuan-Tibet line", has put more than 47, mu of woodland, shrub land and undeveloped forest land on everyone's head, and since 1998, it has taken 1 years to newly afforest nearly 2, mu in Menzha Temple. Closing hillsides and clearing forests in Leiwuqi County in the upper reaches of Lancangjiang River will remove the stumps left after cutting down trees in the past, instead of burning logs in the past, and it is not allowed to cut down timber trees again, so as to maintain its beautiful scenery and devote itself to developing tourism.

Zhao Huashan, secretary of the county party Committee of Jiangda County, who is aiding Tibet in Tianjin, said: "The government departments have closed hillsides to facilitate afforestation, and at the same time, they are also considering replacing wood with new building materials, and replacing wood with small hydropower and solar energy to solve the problem of cooking and heating. On the basis of an existing 1,-kilowatt small hydropower station, the county is going to build another 3,-kilowatt hydropower station by taking advantage of the local advantages of high mountains and deep valleys, numerous rivers and large hydropower reserves. "

Visiting collectors in the depths of the mountains

Juenka Village in Leiwuqi County, Tibet is located in the depths of Hengduan Mountain, and the Ziqu River under the hillside is a tributary of the Lancang River. The Beijing Jeep of the county party committee, where the reporter was riding, climbed mountains and waded, and made great efforts. I was really worried that this old jeep fell apart all the way. Fortunately, along the way, the mountains are green, the streams are gurgling, and groups of yaks are grazing leisurely on the hillside, and our mood is slowly relaxed.

This small village in the deep mountain is half-grazing and half-farming, which is more than 1, kilometers away from Lhasa. It is an advanced village with dual civilizations in the autonomous region. Zhaba Jiangyong, the 62-year-old deputy director of the village Committee, told us that there are 18 households and 185 people in the village, and food and clothing is not a problem. The key is how to further improve the quality of life.

We came to Zhaba River to settle down. This is a two-story building with six upper and lower floors, and satellite TV receiving antennas and solar photovoltaic panels are placed on the roof. Zaba Jiangyong proudly said that there are 14 people in the family, more than 6 yaks, 24 cows, 32 sheep and 6 horses. The best yaks can sell for 3, yuan each, with an average of 2,5 yuan. He said that nine yaks can be sold at home every year, and the income is considerable. Agriculture has also been mechanized, and tractors, seeders, harvesters and threshers are readily available.

Zabajiang has two sons, both of whom are well-known craftsmen. The eldest son Baima is a blacksmith, but also a folk painter. The spacious main room is about 4 square meters, and the iron stove placed in the center of the house is made by Baima himself. At the same time, Baima is also a primary school teacher in the village and the person with the highest cultural level in the village. Duojia, the youngest son of Zhaba Jiangyou, is a carpenter. All the furniture in the house is made by Duojia, and the flowers and figures on the cabinets and beams are painted by Baima.

We ask to see the families in the village with average financial conditions. So, over a hill, came to Zatton's house. The 44-year-old Zatton family consists of 1 people, and six semi-new houses were built in 1991. Farm tools such as threshers and seeders are parked in the yard. The most attractive thing is a brand-new motorcycle, which is worth more than 5, yuan. Zaton speaks Tibetan in mountainous areas, which is difficult to understand. Through translation, we know that his family has 56 yaks and 7 sheep. Pointing to the building materials piled up in front of the door, Zaton told us that we would sell a few yaks next year and build a new building.

while walking, Zabajiang said that by raising yaks, planting highland barley, digging cordyceps and going out to work, bicycles were replaced by motorcycles, wooden carts became tractors, Tibetan carpets, carved furniture and pressure cookers became common things in people's homes, and televisions, VCD and solar energy began to enter ordinary Tibetan families. The number of people sending their children to temples has also been greatly reduced, and the enrollment rate of children has remained at 98% for many years.

There is a descendant from Killer in Batang

Mrs. Qu Cuo is a famous Killer dancer in Batang County, Sichuan Province. Influenced by her, the two granddaughters also fell in love with Killer. The eldest granddaughter brought Batang Killer to the Chengdu Health School, and the younger granddaughter was also a master of Killer in the county middle school.

Dong Mei, a 19-year-old Tibetan teacher who can sing and dance well in the county people's primary school, is one of the many students that Qu Cuo can't remember. Teachers Gong Zhuo Ma and Yang Xuemei from Dongmei County Kindergarten often practice Killer together, and then set up a "Killer" dance class in the unit to teach Batang Killer to students.

Batang County, located on the Jinsha River and at the junction of Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet provinces, was awarded the "Hometown of Killer" by the Ministry of Culture. Killer, which has a history of more than 1 years, is a traditional Tibetan folk dance. It integrates poetry, piano, song and dance, and is easy to sing and remember. It is suitable for mass collective singing and dancing. The leader plays the Hu Qin, three or five people can sing and dance, and thousands of people can also dance together. Men and women, old and young, throw off long-sleeved singing and dancing. Women are good at soft dancing, while men are vigorous and bold.

At present, 78-year-old Qu Cuo, with silver hair and crutches, falters. The reporter wondered: Is she the master of Killer in Batang? But when talking about Killer in Batang, the old man immediately came to his senses, his eyes were bright and his waist was straight. She lost her cane, hummed a tune and danced lightly.

A popular saying here says, "Those who can talk can sing, and those who can walk can dance." The old man Qucuo proudly told us that in Batang, no matter old people or children with yellow hair, as soon as they hear the sound of the Hu Qin, they will go to the team to sing and dance, dance around the fireplace all night, and even jump for two or three days without tiredness. The old man said that she didn't study specially, but she was exposed from childhood. Because Killer danced well, Qu Cuo, the "Beauty of Killer" in Batang, attracted the pursuit of many young men, and she finally chose Fang Shaoyun, a considerate young man of Han nationality. Speaking of which, QuCuO's face glowed red and smiled shyly.

The old man took out his photo album and pointed to a yellowed photo, saying that it was a photo taken by the Killer team organized by the county cultural center 4 years ago, when there were more than 3 players. Speaking of having performed his own programs for foreign friends, the old man couldn't restrain his inner excitement. Now, because of my age, I only help my neighbors when they are happy. Usually, he mainly teaches skills to young people, and has taught nearly 4 kinds of ancient Killer. A few years ago, people from Sichuan, Beijing and Zhejiang also came to learn from the elderly the Batang Killer.

Tashi, who is in his forties, is a famous leader of Killer dance in Batang. He plays the Hu Qin well, and of course he dances better. At the age of seven, he studied with his father, and not only performed in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and other cities, but also was invited to perform the unique "Batang Killer" song and dance in Hengduan Mountain area. Feng Guangfu, deputy director of the government office of Batang County, said that there are farmers' Killer team, government officials' Killer team, school Killer team and elderly Killer team in the county, and there are about 3, people in the county with more than 1, people who often jump in Killer.

When we were leaving, the old man Qucuo was still dancing, dancing one song after another.