Introduction to Mark Twain

Mark Twain, formerly known as Samuel Langhorne Clemens; (November 30, 1835 - April 21, 1910) was American humorist, novelist, writer, and famous speaker. Although his wealth is not much, his humor, wit and fame have not diminished, making him one of the most famous people in the United States. He had a wide circle of friends, including William Dean Howell, Booker T. Washington, Nikola Tesla, Helen Keller, and Henry Rodger. He has been hailed as: Lincoln in the history of literature. Helen Keller once said: "I like Mark Twain - who wouldn't like him? Even God will love him, give him wisdom, and draw a rainbow of love and faith in his heart." William Faulkner called Mark Twain "the first truly American writer from whom we all descend." He died in 1910, at the age of seventy-five, and was buried in Emmara, New York.

Mark Twain" is his most commonly used pen name. It is generally believed that this pen name originated from his early career as a sailor. When measuring the depth of water with his partner, his partner shouted "Mark Twain!", which means "Mark Twain!" It is the "two marks", that is, the water depth is two ounces (1 ounce is about 1.8 meters), which is a necessary condition for the safe navigation of the ship. However, there is also a saying that when wandering in the west, he often bought two glasses of wine in the hotel. The bartender was asked to put "two marks" on the bill. However, whether it was true or false, or both, was impossible to verify in Mark Twain's first masterpiece, "The Name of Calgary." "Frog" was first published in the New York Saturday Paper on November 18, 1865. The only reason it was published there was because it was completed too late to be included in Artmus Ward's collection of special works on the American West.

After that, the Salimandu Federal sent Mark Twain to Hawaii, then known as the Sandwich Islands, as a correspondent, and sent letters to the Federal about things there. He later wrote based on these humorous letters when he was working at the Californian newspaper in San Francisco, because the newspaper sent him from San Francisco to New York City via the Panama Canal as a roving reporter. At that time, he continued to send letters. Published in a newspaper, Twain took a yacht to Philadelphia on June 8, 1867, and stayed there for five months.

In 1872, Twain published his second travel literature, "Hard Times," as a sequel to "A Fool's Journey." The content of "Hard Times" is about Twain's journey to Nevada and his later life in the American West. A semi-autobiographical description. This book uses the "idiot"'s criticism of many countries in Europe and the Middle East to satirize the United States and Western society. Twain's next work "Hard Times" focused on American society. "The Gilded Age" is not a work of travel literature, because the two previous books were both travel literature, and this was his first novel. This book is also famous because it is the only one Twain wrote with anyone. A collaborative book written by Twain and his neighbor Charles Dudley Warner.

Twain's two subsequent books were about his experiences on the Mississippi River. "Old Days on the Mississippi" was a series of sketches published in "The Atlantic Monthly" in 1875. The most distinctive feature is Twain's awakening to romanticism. After "Old Days on the Mississippi", Twain wrote "Old Days on the Mississippi." "Life". Later Twain wrote "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer", which describes his childhood in Hannibal. Twain modeled the character of Tom Sawyer in this book. The character Huckleberry Finn is also introduced as a supporting character.

Although the plot of "The Prince and the Pauper" often appears in many movies and literary works today, it is not generally accepted. This was Twain's first attempt to write about "The Beggar." The disadvantage was that Twain did not have enough experience in British society. A travelogue, "Wandering Overseas" is completed. "Wandering Abroad" is Mark Twain's travelogue to Central and Southern Europe.

Twain's next published work was "The Wandering Boy". After the publication of this book, he became more famous as a great American writer. "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" is the sequel to "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer", with a more serious atmosphere than the latter. The book became required in most schools in the United States because Huck gave up on obeying the rules, which is what many people his age thought (Huck's story is set in the 1850s, when slavery still existed). In the summer of 1876, after the release of "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer", Twain handwritten about 400 pages of the story content of "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer".

After Twain's wife died in 1904, he was able to publish books that his wife, his censor and editor, did not like. One of these books, "The Mysterious Stranger," was not published during Twain's lifetime, so three versions of the manuscript have been found between 1897 and 1905. These three versions confused the publication of the work, and only now is the version originally written by Twain available.

Twain's last work was his oral autobiography.

Some custodians and editors reorganized the autobiography to make it more consistent with the general format, so some of Twain's humorous words were deleted

Bibliography

"Running for Governor"

"The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" (1876)

"The Beggar Prince" (1882)

"The Wandering Boy" "(1884)

"The Famous Frog of Calgary County"

"Millions of Pounds"

"The Man Who Corrupted Hadleyburg"

"Thirty Thousand Yuan Inheritance"

"A Case Within a Case"

"Asceticism"

"The Story of a Bad Boy"

"The Cannibal Incident on the Train"

"The Facts About My Recent Resignation"

"Tennessee Press"

"Good Boy's Story"

"How I Edited the Agricultural News"

"The whole story of the large-scale beef contract"

"My experience as a secretary to a senator"

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"The Adventures of a Yankee in Connecticut" (1889)

"Goldsmith's Friend Goes Abroad Again"

"The Mysterious Visit"

"A True Story"

"The French Duel"

"A Strange Experience"

"The Story of a Californian"

"Is He Still Living"

"On the Road with the Changers"

"A Dog's Narrative"

"The Gilded Age"

"The Five Gifts of Man"

"A Fool's Journey"

"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn"

May 1, 1852 "The Colonists' Surprised Dandy" was published in The Handbag, a Boston humor weekly. This is the debut novel of Samuel Clemens. (The self-taught Mark Twain began practicing writing when he was an apprentice in a printing house and typesetting. He was 17 years old when he published his first novel.)

In June 1864, he moved to San Francisco and worked at the "Morning News". He began writing for the San Francisco Man, whose editor-in-chief was novelist Brett Hart.

On November 18, 1865, New York's "Saturday Post" published Mark Twain's "The Famous Jumping Frog of Calaveras County." It was reprinted everywhere, and Mark Twain began to gain fame in the country.

On April 25, 1867, Charles Weber published Mark Twain's first book, "The Famous Jumping Frog of Calaveras County and Other Essays."

In July 1869, Mark Twain's "The Idiot's Travels Abroad" was published, and the publisher was Erica Burris.

In February 1872, "The Hard Course" was published by Burris's American Publishing Company.

In the winter of 1873, Mark Twain collaborated with writer Charles Teddy Warner to write "The Gilded Age." Warner as its neighbor in Hartford.

In December 1873, "The Gilded Age" was published. Published by Burris of American Publishing Company. (There is no precedent for giving a humorous and ironic name to an era in American history that is recognized by the world)

In 1874, Mark Twain began writing "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" , and adapted "The Gilded Age" into a screenplay. It was at Quarey Farm near Elmira, New York.

In January 1876, "An Account of the Crimes of the Late Carnival in Connecticut" was published in the Atlantic Monthly.

In the summer of 1876, Mark Twain began writing "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" at Quare Farm.

In October 1876, he collaborated with Brett Hart to write the comedy "A Star". It was completed in December, but the friendship between the two was difficult to maintain.

In December 1876, "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" was published by Bliss. The time is more than a year after the submission of the manuscript, so that the good business season of Christmas cannot be caught up. Mark Twain began to consider a different publisher for his work.

On July 31, 1877, "The Star" was performed at the "Fifth Street Theater" in New York. The show ceased after five weeks, leaving the performers with a financial loss.

In January 1877, he began to write "The Prince and the Pauper".

From the spring of 1878 to the summer of 1879, the family traveled to Europe, especially Germany. Collected materials for "Foreign Travel Notes".

In March 1880, "Foreign Travel Notes" was published. Published by Burris of American Publishing Company.

In December 1881, "The Prince and the Pauper" was published. The publisher was James Le Oscott of Boston.

In April 1882, Mark Twain revisited the Mississippi River to collect material for the second half of "Life on the Mississippi." He visited throughout the Mississippi Valley until the end of May.

In the summer of 1883, Mark Twain completed writing "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" at Quare Farm. Life on the Mississippi is published by Osgoot.

On February 18, 1885, "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" was published by Whitbster Publishing Company.

In March 1885, the Book Council of Canton, Massachusetts, called "The Adventures of Hercule Berry Finn" "a boring work that can only be read in the slums." It was not allowed to be placed on bookshelves, thus beginning a history of banned books that continues to this day. Still, by May, Heck had sold 51,000 copies. (Such banned books are for individual units, not nationwide)

On January 2, 1885, Huibster Company published "The Memoirs of Grant". The Grant family made a profit of 400,000 yuan, allowing them to be exempted from the ban. Bankruptcy. Mark Twain was also convinced that he had a genius for business. (General Grant, president from January 869 to January 877. Grant had a close friendship with Mark Twain)

In January 1886, Mark Twain began writing "In Arthur's Connecticut" "Yanks in the State."

In December 1889, "Yanks in Arthurian Connecticut" was published by Whitbster Publishing Company.

On April 16, 1894, "Tom Sawyer Abroad" was published by Whitbster & Company.

In November 1894, "Idiot Wilson" was published by the American Publishing Company.

In May 1896, "Ran Duck" was published by Harper & Co.

On January 1, 1896, "Tom Sawyer, Detective" was published by Harper & Co.

On January 1, 1897, "Travel to the Equator" was published by the American Publishing Company.

"To the Man Sitting in Darkness" was published in the "North American Review" on 2nd, 1901. (This is Mark Twain's famous article against imperialist aggression around the world)

In the winter and spring of 1910, Mark Twain's health deteriorated.

Mark Twain died of angina on April 21, 1910