Complete information of Jieshi Mountain (the highest peak in Wudi County, Shandong Province)

Jieshi Mountain, the highest peak in Wudi County, Shandong Province, is a national AAA-level tourist attraction. It is located in the north of Dashan Village, 30 kilometers north of Wudi County, with an altitude of 63.4 meters and an area of 0.39 square kilometers, in Fiona Fang. It is a cone-shaped composite volcanic pile formed by volcanic eruption 730 thousand years ago. It is the youngest volcano in China and the only outcrop volcano in North China Plain, and is known as "the first mountain in southern Beijing". 1998 was listed as a provincial geological heritage nature reserve by Shandong province.

Chinese name: Jieshi Mountain alias: Wudi Mountain, Yanshan Mountain, Magu Mountain, Dashan Address: Dashan Village, 30 kilometers north of Wudi County, elevation: 63.4 meters. Circumference:1600m. Cause of formation: volcanic eruption and eruption. Formation time: 730 thousand years ago. Mountain composition: Cone-shaped compound volcanic pile scenic spot level: national AAA-level tourist scenic spot area: 0.39 square kilometers, development history, main scenic spots, Jieshi ancient well, Ma Yin Lake, museum, Fudi Cave, first sight sky, ethereal, stone waterfall, Damocles Cave, Malong Cave, group sculpture, Shilin scenic spot, Fengxue Mountain Temple, Guan Hai Pavilion, culture and art, and legendary culture. The mountain is asymmetrical but obviously layered, and the lithology is dark brown nepheline picrite. Jieshi Mountain volcanic soil Jieshi Mountain has a very long history. According to the Records of Wudi Old County, this mountain is close to the river and sea in ancient times. Only ten miles away from Haikou, it is the beacon mountain, called Jieshi Mountain. There is no vegetation on the mountain, which was called Wudi Mountain in the Spring and Autumn Period (Wudi County was first named after this, and it was located here in the sixth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (586), and it will be renamed Haifeng in the Ming Dynasty to avoid the emperor's taboo). There is a moon selling salt at the foot of the mountain, and there is a salt temple on the mountainside, which was also called Salt Mountain in Wei and Jin Dynasties. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Ma Junde of East Salt Prefecture held an uprising in this mountain, which was later suppressed by the Tang Dynasty. In memory of Ma Junde, the villagers changed Yanshan Mountain into Magu Mountain. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was renamed Dashan to distinguish it from another mountain. Jieshi Mountain was renamed Jieshi Mountain. Because of its low terrain and remote location, it changed its name many times, especially after Ban Gu wrote Geography of Hanshu, he moved Gong Yu Jieshi from the east coast of Bohai Sea to the north coast of Bohai Sea. Later, it was copied in Water Mirror Notes, which led to many disputes about Jieshi in history, and some people even came to the wrong conclusion that Jieshi sank into the sea. However, the staff of Wudi County visited other places of Jieshi, consulted ancient and modern materials, invited historians to study and research, and finally came to the conclusion that "Jieshi in Gong Yu is in Wudi, and Jieshi where Cao Cao landed is also in Wudi"! The historical evidence is summarized as follows: 1. Zhao Yuzhi, written by Mr. Gu, a great geographer and historian in the Ming Dynasty, records: "There is Magu Mountain in Haifeng County, Jinan Prefecture, that is, Dajieshi Mountain."

Secondly, the Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Place Names in China published by the Commercial Press 193 1 records that Wudi Magu Mountain is the Jieshi Mountain in the three entries of Magu Mountain, the ancient Yellow River Road and Jieshi.

Third, Shandong Tongzhi records: "Wudi County, Shandong Province is 60 miles north, and there is a hole in the southern half of Shanxi Province, which is more than two feet wide and unfathomable. Legend has it that there is a dragon horse, hence its name (Magu Mountain). Zhao Yuzhi records the ancient Jieshi Mountain. "

4. "Wudi County Records" recorded in previous dynasties: "Dashan, formerly known as Jieshi Mountain, Yanshan Mountain and Magu Mountain."

Fifthly, the note in "Records of Sacrifice to the Suburbs in the History of Han Dynasty" says: "I visited Jieshi in the first three years (2 15)." "Shandong Tongzhi" said: "Qin Shihuang traveled eastward to Jieshi, and then left here. Because of his name, he hated the second county." Emperor Wu Qin belongs to Keats County, Ji Jun.

Magu Mountain, 30 kilometers north of Wudi County, is only 62.4 meters above sea level and only 0.39 square kilometers in Fiona Fang. This mountain is composed of basalt, volcanic eggs and volcanic ash, which was accumulated in volcanic ejecta 654.38+200,000 years ago. "The mountain is not high, but there is a fairy, so there is a spirit ..." In the Tang Dynasty, Liu worked in Wudi County during Yonghui's reign. He thought through on-the-spot investigation that "Magu Mountain is undoubtedly the Jieshi where the Nine Rivers enter the sea." (Wudi County Local Records).

"Sea" refers to the Bohai Sea.

Jiuhe River is a tributary of the lower Yellow River and a tributary route of Yi Dao.

Jieshi is the navigation sign of the island from the sea to the river. As long as you open a modern topographic map of China, you can see a place where hundreds of rivers meet in North China, that is, the vast areas north of Zhuoxian County in Henan Province to Guangping, Daming and Hejian in Hebei Province, and Liaocheng and Binzhou in Shandong Province. Heyuan is relatively dense, and then gradually becomes sparse, but almost all of them flow northeast to the west coast of Bohai Sea.

To the east of Magu Mountain, there was still a sea in Wei and Jin Dynasties, called Yueming Valley, which was the origin of sea salt, so Magu Mountain was called "Yanshan Mountain" or "Yanshan Mountain". "Shandong Tongzhi" contains: Yueming Valley is in the northeast of Haifeng County (now Wudi County). "All over the World" contains: "Yueming Valley meets Magu Mountain in the west, and the place where salt is cooked is also called Yuehekou today."

Wudi county is located at the end of nine rivers; Magu Mountain, called Jieshi in ancient times, stands at the mouth of the ancient river, which is consistent with Gong Yu's article "Jieshi in You Jie". It can be concluded that Magu Mountain in Wudi is Jieshi Mountain in Gong Yu. So Wudi County held a press conference on the renaming of Jieshi Mountain in Gong Yu on September 5th, 20001year in front of the newly completed Jieshi Mountain Monument. In the 1970s and 1980s, Jieshi Mountain was used as the supply place of local building stone, which caused the mountain to be damaged to some extent. In order to protect and rationally develop the geological relics here, on March 2, 1999, Shandong Province approved the establishment of a provincial geological relics protection zone. After Jieshishan 200 1 was renamed, some ancient buildings were restored and rebuilt, mountain roads were built, and scenic spots such as Ma Yin Lake and Jieshimen were built. In 2009, Wudi Jieshi Mountain Scenic Area was officially awarded the title of "National AAA Tourist Scenic Area". There are Bi Xia Temple, Cao Cao's poems and sculptures, Guan Hai Pavilion, etc. Developed the landscape of volcanic relics such as Fudi Cave, Longma Cave, Stone Forest and Stone Waterfall; There are ancient stone carvings such as "No Word Monument" (boundary stone inscription) and "Rebuilding Magushan Temple Monument". The scenic spot integrates popular science of volcanic relics, Jieshi Mountain sightseeing, Qiantong Island folk custom, Caogong Island theme park and Ma Yin Lake leisure and entertainment. The town specially issued the "Implementation Plan for Further Excavating Historical and Cultural Resources", set up a working group for excavating, collecting and sorting historical and cultural resources, and hired relevant experts to dig and systematically sort them out on the spot. Excavated volcanic culture, Taoist culture, legendary culture, folk culture and ecological culture, and formed a unique brand of Jieshishan culture. 20 13 12 12 The planning of Jieshishan Provincial Geopark in Wudi, Shandong Province (20 13-2025) was approved by the Shandong Provincial Department of Land and Resources, and Wudi County officially issued the implementation plan to make every effort to create a new landmark for cultural tourism. On the first day of 20 14, Jieshishan Town formulated and promulgated the "20 14 Folk Art Exhibition Program", which combined the festival folk tradition and the construction of Jieshishan Scenic Area to guide the whole people to participate in the cultural activities of the Spring Festival, and a large number of endangered Chinese New Year customs were sorted out and reappeared. The main scenic spot Jieshi Gujing Jieshishan Gujing (Wudi County People * * 2002 165438+ 10/2) was announced as a county-level cultural protection unit. Address: south foot of Jieshishan East, Jieshishan Town, Wudi County) The wellhead is square, and the depth of this well is about 15- 16 m, and the water level is always around 1.5 m regardless of drought or flood. According to the villagers, the bottom of the well is made of wood, and there is a spring eye the size of a bowl in it, surrounded by a Koizumi eye. The wellhead frame is a specially selected well beam, which is made of ungrafted jujube trees. According to the examination, it was built in the Ming Dynasty, and the local people raised funds for maintenance many times. Now the shaft wall is engraved with the words "maintenance in 19 years of the Republic of China", which is clearly visible. Jieshi ancient well is said to be a longan here, and the dragon tail is in Huanglong Bay. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Mr. Feng Shui once threatened that this place was a treasure, and there would be ministers but no emperors in the future. When Yang Wei (Yang Tianguan), an official of the Ming Dynasty, heard about it, he told the emperor that he was deeply worried and dug a well here to break the feng shui. The most amazing thing is that many people accidentally fell into this well, but they were not damaged at all, so the locals highly praised this well and built an iron pavilion above the wellhead. Ma Yin Lake, Ma Yin Lake and Ma Yin Lake Wetland Park in Wudi County (20 12 and 12.05 were announced as provincial wetland parks by Shandong Provincial Forestry Department) is located in Jieshishan Scenic Area in Jieshishan Town, which consists of Ma Yin Lake, Ma Jiahe and Dehui Xinhe Wetland, with a span of 4.5 kilometers from east to west and 5.5 kilometers from north to south. Wetland Park covers an area of 886.00 square meters. Animal resources are also very rich, including 236 species of vertebrates in 6 classes, 28 orders, 65 families; Fish 1 order 7 families 18 species; Amphibians 1 order, 3 families and 5 species; There are 3 orders and 4 families of reptiles 1 1 species; 179 species, 39 families, 15 orders; Mammals 5 orders, 8 families 15 species; Among animals, there are two kinds of animals protected by the state: the red-crowned crane and the golden eagle. There are also 22 national second-class protected animals such as swans, white-naped cranes and spoonbills. Through wetland protection and restoration, Ma Yin Lake Wetland Park has been built into a provincial wetland park integrating wetland protection, natural lake characteristics, artificial wetland water purification and cultural tourism and leisure. Museum Jieshishan Earthquake Volcano Museum is a key construction project of Shandong Earthquake Administration during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, with a total investment of more than 3 million yuan and a construction area of 923 square meters. The museum consists of four parts: earthquake monitoring and prediction observation room, popular science propaganda hall, 4D dynamic cinema and multifunctional lecture hall. The earthquake monitoring and forecasting observation room is equipped with professional observation instruments and equipment such as earthquake measurement, electromagnetism and fluid. The knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, used earthquake monitoring and forecasting equipment and volcanic eruption specimens are placed in the popular science propaganda hall. 4D dynamic cinema uses modern sound and photoelectric technology to broadcast popular science propaganda films such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis. The multifunctional lecture hall is a supporting place for earthquake consultation, meetings, expert reports and academic exchanges. Museum 2011July 2 1 day, the "National Popular Science Base" of Jieshishan Earthquake Volcano Museum was unveiled. In the legend of Fudi Cave, Jieshi Mountain is the place where immortals practice and live, so there are many caves on this mountain, all of which are mysterious and legendary. The common stone scene in the first-line mountain peaks is named after the cracks between the two walls and the blue sky in the gap. The sky is empty, named after the mountains, and it is magnificent and broadens our horizons. Stone Waterfalls Jieshi Mountain Stone Waterfalls are all over Blackstone, like charcoal and iron, some as big as fists, some as scales, and some as coal gangue piles. According to legend, Dharma Cave, a stone waterfall, passes by here after crossing the river northward and rests in this cave, hence the name Dharma Cave. Longmadong The cave in Longmadong is not deep, and the path looks like a staircase. According to legend, there is a dragon horse here, hence the name. The group carving of Cao Cao's poems is to restore the scene of Cao Cao's ascent to Jieshi. Stone Forest Scenic Area Stone Mountain Forest Scenic Area is like a bamboo shoot. It looks like a person, sitting, lying and standing, just like an enlarged Taihu Stone. Lin Chong, the "Leopard Head" of Fengxue Mountain Temple, was sent to Cangzhou from Kaifeng, Henan Province, when Wudi belonged to Cangzhou County. In the east and northeast of Wudi, there are large areas of natural grasslands and reeds, and the government has built many forage fields to prepare for the war. The traitor Gao Qiu framed Lin Chong and sent someone to burn forage fields. Lin Chong escaped and fled to the mountain temple. He happened to meet the enemy who was chasing him. In a rage, he met an enemy and went to Liangshan, Shui Bo ... because this is the only mountain temple hundreds of miles away in Fiona Fang, Cangzhou, and the description in Water Margin should be here. Guanhai Pavilion is located at the top of Jieshi Mountain. Upstairs, the words "Buyunyuan" written by Li Zhiyi, a Northern Song Dynasty poet born in Wudi, are engraved: "You live at the head of the Yangtze River, I live at the tail of the Yangtze River, miss you every day, and drink a river ..." Guanhaige is also the torch collection point of the first World Chinese Games. The legendary culture of culture and art, Purple Tongzhi Sword, has a saying in Volume 72: At the end of the Warring States Period, "Yan people in the Song Dynasty did not avoid it, and those who admired men's heights claimed to have the skills of magic, disintegration and marketing, and Yan Qi's quirks were vying for a biography. Since Qi Weiwang, Wang Xuan and Yan Zhaowang all believed him, people flocked to Penglai, the abbot and Yingzhou (the three sacred mountains), saying that these three sacred mountains are in the Bohai Sea. " "Those with the best taste, immortals and fairy medicines are all in the clouds." It is said that Song Wuji is a fairy in the moon in Taoist classics, and Xian Men Zi Gao is a fairy who lives on Jieshi Mountain. Therefore, Fairy Mountain attracted two emperors, Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi, who were the most talented and fond of immortals in the history of China. According to folklore, Dashan was Huang's sister in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and Huang had three sisters. When Huang arrived in Shang Zhou, in order to avoid Shang Zhouwang's pursuit, the three sisters lived in seclusion among the people. The three sisters helped Zhou Jun in various ways and contributed to the elimination of Shang Zhouwang. After the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, Jiang Ziya was deified by Nu Wa, who turned them into mountains to accept folk worship. Dashan is the eldest, and he was named the monarch of Bi Xia by the people. Let their righteousness suppress the evil in the world and pass on the joys and sorrows of the world as the messengers of the jade emperor. For the safety of the people, the three sisters are responsive. Guandi Temple Folk Culture During the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, a nun named Yan Jing presided over qinglian temple at the foot of Jieshi Mountain. After three years of fund-raising, Jade Emperor Temple, Lvzu Temple, Wenchang Pavilion, Guandi Temple and Da Temple were built at the top of the mountain. In the year of drought, villagers in various villages went out to beat gongs and drums to pray for rain, and temple fairs became increasingly prosperous. Therefore, the incense temple fair is held twice a year in the mountains in April of the lunar calendar, with April 17th as a "small meeting" and April 27th as a "general meeting". Before the wheat harvest, it is time for farmers to buy what they need for agriculture. Incense in the mountains is flourishing and the market is active, ranking first in northern Shandong and southern Hebei. On April 27, 2005, the ancient temple fair was resumed.

Jieshishan ancient temple fair, first, there are many people, including invited participants, believers, men and women, material vendors, artists and people who join in the fun; Second, the procedure is complete. Jieshishan Ancient Temple Fair consists of three parts: culture, commerce and sacrifice. At that time, cultural and folk art groups will be invited for entertainment, including troupes, acrobatics, drums, lion dances and yangko. Inviting non-governmental economic and trade organizations to participate in the exhibition and sale of ancient children's toys, clothing, shoes and hats, cold drinks and snacks, and summer products; Taoists from Laoshan Mountain were specially invited to preside over the sacrifice, and activities such as "Shangxinzi" were held in Qiantong Town, Yanshan County, and "Luanjia" was sent to Yuan Jun, Bi Xia in Gaowan Town, Haixing County.

The large-scale commercial activity area of Jieshi Mountain Temple Fair is in the market, small-scale traditional folk trade is on both sides of Jieshi Mountain and the central road leading to Caocao Ma Yin Lake, and large-scale drama, acrobatics and folk art performances are in the parking lot of Ma Yin Lake. The sacrificial activities were started by 37 village gongs and drums teams, Binzhou Lion Dance Team and Hebei Haixing Yangko Team in Jieshishan Town, followed by folk drum teams, colorful teams and national bands. Jieshishan underground parking lot mainly arranges the opening ceremony of the ancient temple fair, and performs performances such as Wudi Dacheng Wushu Team, Lion Dance Team, Yangko Team and Balloon Square Team flying balloons. History and culture "Shangshu Gong Yu" contains: "Jizhou: ... The mainland has been built, the island is clothed, and the right boundary stone enters the river." It is said that Dayu's water control starts from the source, first of all, "spreading soil, publishing wood with mountains", then drawing water from Zhangzhou, Hengwei and Weiwei, and finally "clamping the right Jieshi into the river", making it "all nine rivers are roads". The river in the article refers to the ancient Yellow River, and the map of concubine Yu shows that this is where the ancient Yellow River enters the sea. For thousands of years, Jieshi Mountain has witnessed the changes of the Yellow River, precipitated and adhered to the thick culture of the old course of the Yellow River, and is known as the "fossil" of the old course of the Yellow River. "Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor" contains: "Thirty-two years, the first emperor's festival ... carving Jieshimen. What he said is this: I started my career as a teacher, and there is no way to slaughter ... men enjoy their own fields, women study their own careers, and everything is in order. The ministers are chanting, please carve this stone and hang this instrument. " "Emperor Ji of Wu Han" contains: "In the first year of Yuanfeng, I traveled from Mount Tai and patrolled the sea to Jieshi in the east." Wudi County Records and Monuments: "The street given by the emperor is 70 miles north of the county. According to legend, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once stationed here, and issued a letter to exempt the village from taxes. This is a gift from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, hence the name' Dici Street'. " Zi Tong Zhi Jian Volume 128 Song Ji Shi contains: Wen Chengdi "In February, Bingzi climbed Jieshi Mountain to watch the sea." It is these historical records that frame the position of Jieshi Mountain as a famous historical and cultural mountain. In the 12th year of Jian 'an (A.D. 207), Cao Mengde led an army to the northern expedition to Wuhuan, climbed Jieshi Mountain, and wrote a famous sentence: "Jieshi looks at the sea in the east. The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea. Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging. The autumn wind is bleak, Hongbo surges ... fortunately, Lian, it is sung in the song. " This eternal swan song depicts the scenery of Jieshi Mountain at that time and expresses the author's grand ambition. Liu Changqing, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, came to Jieshi Mountain and wrote "Wudigou Nighttalk": "When Wudi is the city, the Great Wall is the gateway to Chu. The river leads to the sea of stars, and the sea of clouds is near Magu Mountain. Outside the white clouds of the monk temple, in the green room. The evening tide is full and the sails fall everywhere. " This paper describes the busy scene of Jieshi Mountain, which is a scenic spot to see the sea, with many trees, rich herbs and criss-crossing ships. Yang Wei, a senior minister in the Ming Dynasty, wrote in his poem "Climbing Magu Mountain": "A peak suddenly appeared on the flat land, and she climbed Ruolibi Furong." Zhang Kejia of the Qing Dynasty wrote: "From a distance, when you know that the sea is close, you can't feel the cave."