Universities related to sightseeing agriculture

Peking University, Tsinghua University, Fudan University, Wuhan University, Zhejiang University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China University of Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Nanyang Vocational College (two-year system), Northeast Normal University, Beijing Normal University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Beihang University, Wuhan University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Peking University, Southeast University, South China University of Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology. Shandong University, Sichuan University, Northeast Forestry University, Northeast Agricultural University, North Minzu University, Maanshan Normal University, Anhui University of Engineering, Henan University, Taiyuan University of Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Hainan University, Hohhot University for Nationalities, Zhejiang College of Tongji University, Dezhou University, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Shaoguan College, Zhaoqing College, tonghua normal College, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Sichuan University of Arts and Sciences, Business School of Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Xi University of Finance and Economics School of Public Administration, northwest university of politics and law, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi International Studies University, Suzhou Agricultural College and other professional core courses and main practical links: plant growth and environment, artistic foundation, architectural drawing, ornamental plant pest control, garden planning and design, indoor plant decoration and application, lawn technology, enterprise management, artistic basic training, architectural drawing basic training, ornamental plant cultivation skills training, ornamental plant pest control skills training, garden green space planning and design skills training, , as well as the main characteristic courses and practical links of each school.

elementary course

Foreign languages, computer application foundation, plants and plant physiology and biochemistry, plant production environment, ornamental plant cultivation, plant pest control, green food production technology, facility agriculture, tourism foundation, tourism psychology, sightseeing agriculture planning and design, ornamental agriculture management, etc.

main course

Botany, pedology, horticultural meteorology, ecology, plant growth and environment, ornamental plant cultivation, ornamental plant pest control, soilless culture technology, introduction to sightseeing agriculture, garden planning and design, design of sightseeing agricultural park, modern sightseeing park management, gardening facilities, indoor plant decoration and application, introduction to tourism, tourism psychology, tourism economics, marketing, tourism regulations, basic knowledge of tour guides, tour guide business, etc. 1. In the embryonic stage, there is neither a clear concept of sightseeing agriculture nor a special sightseeing agricultural area. It is only a sightseeing project, mainly for urban residents to eat, live and work with farmers in the countryside. There are no special service facilities, buildings and auxiliary entertainment facilities in the reception area. Tourists live in farmers' homes or camp in tents on farmers' land. At present, there is no special management behavior, and farmers only charge guests a small amount of room and board. 2. Sightseeing agriculture really developed in the middle and late 20th century. Sightseeing is no longer a landscape, but an agricultural sightseeing garden with special sightseeing function has emerged, with increasingly rich sightseeing contents, including food crops, cash crops, flowers, pastures, forests, trees, fruits, livestock and poultry. The activities in the park are mainly sightseeing, and they are operated in various ways, such as shopping, eating, traveling and living. The sightseeing agricultural projects in this period were mainly concentrated in sightseeing farms and agricultural parks. 3. Holiday Stage Since 1980s, with the change of people's tourism demand, the nature of sightseeing agricultural parks has also changed accordingly. There are a large number of entertainment and holiday facilities in the sightseeing agricultural park, which expands the function of holiday experience and enhances the participation of tourists. 4. There are many mature models for sightseeing experience in lease stage and sightseeing poverty in holiday stage. Lease is a new business model, which is mainly produced in developed capitalist countries with high degree of land privatization. The purpose of leasing is constantly emerging in Japanese, French, Swiss and Taiwan Province province of China. Lease means that the farmer divides a large farm into several small pieces and rents them to individuals, families or groups. On weekdays, farmers are responsible for renting farms and giving them to tenants for enjoyment. This mode of operation not only meets the needs of tourists to experience agricultural benefits personally, but also increases the profits of operators. According to the report of OECD (The Organization for Cooperation de-development)1978, 40%-60% farmers in highly industrialized countries in Europe are engaged in non-agricultural part-time jobs. At the same time, in these countries, with the increase of social average income and leisure time, tourism is gradually expanding to the countryside. Agricultural sightseeing has become one of the trends of closed life in Europe. Italian "agronomists" advocate taking the countryside as Zhou Shu Resort. The Irish National Tourism Organization has also built various accommodation facilities suitable for national and international hotels on the farm. The national policy of France, the development plan of Liulang, even listed the tourism and villa industry (coKa8e Lndu Yao rMs) as the focus of local construction. 1982, 15 European countries * * * held a meeting in Finland. The theme of the meeting was agricultural tourism, which discussed the exchange of sightseeing agriculture among countries, hoping to benefit more agricultural practitioners and tourists and promote rural development through the integration of tourism and agriculture. 1. The difficulties of agricultural sightseeing in Germany mainly appear in the form of citizen farms. That is, the government or farmers rent the land located in the suburbs of the city to urban residents to grow flowers, vegetables, fruit trees or run family agriculture. German citizen farm originated from K 1ein Garden (xleZn8anen) in Germany. Is a medieval German aristocrat. In his big yard, he set aside a small part for gardening and enjoyed the lotto he planted. /kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, the German government provided citizens with small plots of land to make self-sufficient "small vegetable gardens". /kloc-in the second half of the 0/9th century, the system of citizen agricultural parks was formally established. 1983, Germany revised the Law on Citizens' Rural Poverty and added the concept of community development. According to the law, all cities in Germany are obliged to provide agricultural parks for their citizens, with the goal of reaching the ratio of 10 households 1 households. In recent years, the practice and purpose of Germany's return to citizens' agricultural parks have been quite different from the past, mainly turning to agriculture and farming to experience leisure. There are many provisions in the German citizen farm law, mainly including:

(1) The township or county government provides public land and rents it to urban residents who have no agricultural land for farming. The land of a citizen farm is about 2 hectares, divided into 50 units, each unit 100 ping (1 ping =3. 3 square meters), a total of 5,000 square meters, and others are public facilities such as roads and parking lots. (2) The lessee applies according to the conditions announced by the government, and the application is reviewed in the order of application. The lessee signs a lease contract with the government for 25-30 years, and the lessee forms a legal person management Committee to manage the citizen farm. The annual rent of each lessee is 150 mark, and the membership fee of the corporate management Committee is 50 mark, which is used for cleaning public affairs and environmental maintenance. At the same time, the lessee should have at least 1 hour of voluntary labor every year to clean up the environment of the park. If the lessee withdraws or transfers midway, it shall notify the CMC, which shall select and make up from other applicants. The replacement shall reasonably bear the expenses invested by the original lessee.

(3) It is up to the lessee to plant flowers, fruits, vegetables, fish or run a courtyard-style operation in the citizen farm, but the agricultural products produced cannot be sold and can only be distributed to relatives and friends. The management and utilization modes of German citizen agricultural park include courtyard garden, mixed planting of flowers, fruit trees and vegetables, single planting of flowers, grass, fruit trees and vegetables, breeding of exotic fish, maze-like plant planting, etc., which can be described as ingenious and unique. The whole agricultural park is like a beautiful agricultural park. In cities or small and medium-sized towns in Germany, there are different forms of citizen agricultural parks everywhere, for example, there are about 8,000 in Menheng alone. Germans believe that it is one of the noblest forms of leisure and entertainment to take part in agricultural work in citizens' farm gardens, and many families are proud of owning a farm garden. This kind of citizen farm garden can provide residents with the experience of farming life, provide leisure space as a supplement to urban parks, bring benefits to farmers, and play a positive role in protecting the natural and human environment. The existence of German citizen agricultural park shows that agriculture can not only improve the urban ecological environment, but also provide people with space for visiting, leisure, experience and entertainment. At the same time, it also shows that cities and agriculture can depend on each other and develop together, rather than being absolutely separated.