What is the basis for the development of modern tourism?

The basis of developing modern tourism is:

1, the relative stability of the post-war world situation and the rapid economic development.

2, the increase of personal income

3. More leisure time: more paid holidays.

4. Improvement of transportation conditions: ships and railways-cars and planes.

5. Government support for tourism.

First, the characteristics of modern tourism development:

1, popularity or tourist popularity

2. Sustainability of growth

3. Geological neutrality (source and destination)

Step 4 be seasonal

Second, the tourism industry in modern China

Before the founding of New China and before the reform and opening up 1978: "Foreign Affairs Reception Stage"

Basic characteristics: most tourist receptions are purely political, regardless of costs and benefits. Therefore, tourism is still a cause, not an industry. ("industry" is the general name of a certain type of enterprise, and its main business or products are basically the same. The industry must pay attention to cost performance, while administrative institutions can not pay attention to cost performance)

Major events:

Two travel agency systems have been established.

One is the head office of China International Travel Service and its branches established by 1954, the other is the head office of Overseas Chinese Travel Service established by 1954 (renamed as China Travel Service by 1974) and its branches, and the overseas Chinese service agencies established by 1957 in various places. (China Youth Travel Agency System was established in 1980, and * * * is the three major travel agency systems). The former is responsible for receiving foreign tourists at their own expense, led by the Foreign Affairs Office of the State Council and the local government; The latter is responsible for receiving overseas Chinese, overseas Chinese, compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and belongs to the overseas Chinese affairs system of the government. In terms of system, it is nominally a "state-owned enterprise", but in practice it is an administrative or public institution rather than an enterprise. (1979 before, the government set up travel agencies mainly to attract foreigners and overseas Chinese to visit, so that they can better understand, sympathize with and support the new China and expand China's foreign influence, which is a friendly reception. At that time, the requirements for travel agencies were mainly to obtain the political effect of reception work rather than economic benefits; Choose reception objects mainly according to political conditions, rather than attracting them widely; The travel agency system is also an administrative or public institution rather than an enterprise. )

China Tourism Administration was established.

1964, China Tourism Administration was established, which directly means that China's tourism industry has a special leading body. (1978 changed to "China Tourism Administration" directly under the State Council, and tourism bureaus were established in all provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government; 1982 changed to "National Tourism Administration of the People's Republic of China". )

Since the reform and opening-up: a period of comprehensive revitalization

1978 to the mid-1980s: the stage of mainly receiving inbound tourism.

Basic information: From June 1978 to July 1979, Comrade Deng Xiaoping made five special speeches, calling for the development of tourism as soon as possible. Comrade Deng Xiaoping instructed: "Tourism is promising, so we should highlight key points and speed up"; "Let the tourism bureau to build a hotel. Make up your mind quickly. The first batch can find overseas Chinese and foreign capital and then develop on their own. " Comrade Deng Xiaoping gave clear instructions on the positive role of tourism in the country's political economy, the positive role of reform and opening up, and the basic understanding and laws of a series of tourism, such as tourism management, tourism development and tourism publicity. According to Comrade Deng Xiaoping's instructions, a leading group for tourism was set up in the State Council, headed by the competent deputy prime minister, and local governments also set up leading groups one after another. Openness and high-level decision-makers have promoted the development of tourism in China.

However, due to factors such as imperfect tourism facilities in China, the focus of China's tourism development at this time is inbound tourism (instead of adopting the conventional development model of "domestic first, then foreign", it is mainly inbound tourism. ), implement the policy of "no publicity, no advocacy and no opposition" to domestic tourism.

Major events:

1In July, 979, Deng Xiaoping visited Huangshan Mountain.

China's Entry into the World Tourism Organization (1983)

"World Tourism Organization" is an intergovernmental international tourism organization, established in 1975 and headquartered in Madrid, Spain.

1983 10, the new Delhi meeting of the World Tourism Organization unanimously accepted People's Republic of China (PRC) as a full member, marking the entry of China's tourism industry into the world's tourism industry.

Mid-1980s to 1997: the parallel development stage of inbound tourism and domestic tourism.

In the mid-1980s, with the social and economic development of China and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the domestic tourism market gradually formed. The relevant state departments also attach importance to the development of domestic tourism, and put forward the policy of "five together" for the state, localities, departments, collectives and individuals, forming a pattern of domestic tourism run by the whole society.

Major events:

1986, the number of tourists and foreign exchange income from tourism were officially included in the seventh five-year plan for economic and social development of the People's Republic of China (1986- 1990).

199 1 year, in the Outline of the Ten-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Eighth Five-year Plan, the nature of tourism was formally and clearly defined as industry. It shows that the country really realizes the economic role of tourism, including direct contribution to the national economy and indirect contribution to the national economy due to the stimulation of tourism to other industries.

1 from may 65438 to may1day in 1995, China implemented the Friday work system with two "weekends" every week.

1997 till now: the all-round development stage of inbound tourism, domestic tourism and outbound tourism.

Major events:

On May 1999 and 1, a seven-day long holiday system was implemented nationwide (together with the traditional Spring Festival, it was called the three "golden weeks" of tourism). Greatly promoted the development of domestic tourism.

The formation of China's outbound tourism market.

65438+1 July, 19971day, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Overseas Travel of China Citizens at Their Own expense was formally implemented, which marked the formation of China's outbound tourism market. As of June 5438+ 10, 2005, China citizens have visited 63 tourist destination countries and regions at their own expense.