About biogeography of senior high school entrance examination!

Strategies and methods of geography review for senior high school entrance examination

(1) Try to preview:

Just think about what to discuss before writing in the previous geography textbook, what to learn in this textbook, and how to arrange the content structure. Try to imagine according to the general situation, topography, climate, rivers (lakes), agriculture, industry, cities, counties and places of interest.

(2) Learn textbooks well.

Textbooks are the main basis of academic research. The text of the textbook is concise, the structure is rigorous and the exposition is profound. With the help of textbooks, students learn the contents, emphases, difficulties and emphases of textbook knowledge, and learn the contents of books through analysis and comparison.

(3) Organize your notes. Make the outline eye-catching, centered, concise and easy to write.

(4) Understanding nature with practice and linking natural phenomena and changes with the content of the text.

(5) Read good reference books. Encourage students to read reference books, because reference books are "mentors and friends", which can broaden their knowledge horizons. To combine reference books with textbooks organically, useless reference books often add unnecessary extra-curricular burden to students.

How to review geography for senior high school entrance examination

When reviewing the geography of China, we should first understand the relevant provinces and regions, such as their names and abbreviations, and put them on the map. Secondly, in terms of physical geography, China has four plateaus and four great basin. The position of these important landforms is latitude and longitude, and the corresponding characteristics of its topography, as well as some important geographical things corresponding to it, such as rivers and mountains on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and some human and geographical things, such as cities and industries, should be put on the map. Then, on this basis, it comprehensively reviews the nature and humanity of some major rivers in China, such as the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Pearl River, as well as the fields of the three major rivers. There are also important geographical boundaries.

In order to catch up with hot spots and develop the west, please make clear the scope and position of the west. The location of the western region may test you as a whole or as a part of you. Then local areas, such as Yunnan, western Guizhou, western Sichuan, western Chongqing, western Shaanxi, western Gansu and western Ningxia, should be reviewed in small pieces, not only in the whole western region, but also in every province I just mentioned. This review involves some important projects, important railways, industry and climate.

In addition, you can take the exam in China and foreign countries, such as Yunnan, Guangxi and Beibu Gulf, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan and Beibu Gulf, or Southeast Asia, or Northeast Asia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Korean Peninsula, Russia and Japan. Don't confine yourself to China, but also put the exam in a place adjacent to China and foreign countries. Therefore, when reviewing the geography of China, we must grasp the overall situation of China's climate, China's industry and other factors, and pay attention to regional and local issues.

In addition, China geography also has the knowledge of the big projects and hot spots mentioned above, so we should pay more attention to it.

The author suggests that students pay attention to the "regression" textbook and implement the following five "reviews".

First, look back at the textbook.

Refer to the geography textbook catalogue and recall chapter by chapter, so that the book knowledge can be fully reproduced in your mind. Then check your mastery of book knowledge against the examination range listed in the examination instructions, and review it point by point, whether you can repeat what you want to know and where you want to know; Can you explain "why" what you want to know? Can you understand the "application" of the required content? We should pay special attention to how some basic concepts, basic laws and basic principles in the textbook are embodied in the test questions, so as to master the problem-solving ideas. For example, the analysis of location factors should start with nature, social economy and technology; This paper expounds the hydrological characteristics of rivers, including water quantity, water level change, sediment concentration, ice age and so on.

Second, look back at the map.

Atlas integrates geographical knowledge, principles, laws and evaluation forms. If you master the map, you will master the geographical context. Psychologically speaking, graphics are easier to remember than words. Look back at the map and put the geographical distribution and laws on the map. It can be said that it is the best review method for geography.

For example, when we review the geography of China, we can see the following maps: the administrative map of China, the topographic map of China, the climate map of China (temperature and precipitation), the water system map of China, and the resource map of China (forest, minerals, hydropower, tourism resources, etc. ), China's crop distribution map, China's industrial distribution map, China's population, nationality, city and commercial center map, China's traffic map, China nature reserve map, etc. Look at the pictures, remember them, or even draw them one by one, and you will have the basic knowledge of China's geography.

In addition, look back at all kinds of exam questions related to diagrams that have been practiced. Such as: geographical landscape map, topographic profile map, geographical schematic map, geographical cartoon map, geographical data map, geographical structure map, geographical contour map, etc. Be familiar with the characteristics and solutions of these figures in the examination questions.

Third, look back at the problem-solving methods

Students should be familiar with different methods of solving common geographical problems, such as graphic method, exclusion method, reasoning method, discussion method, extreme hypothesis method, etc., to solve the following problems: how to examine the problems accurately, comprehensively and quickly? How to dig out the meaning of the question and grasp the internal relationship between conception and situational questioning? How to optimize the answer specification? What are the effective selection and transformation skills of stem information? Strategies for answering various questions? Problem-solving process and the development of progressive thinking. The explanation should pay attention to the analysis and arrangement of knowledge points, and tell students how to use the existing knowledge, how to find the conditions (implicit and obvious) for solving problems, and the ideas and methods for solving problems by using conditions.

Fourth, look back at the mistakes in solving problems.

The essence of learning process is the process of struggling with difficulties and mistakes, and the number of solving difficulties and improving mistakes determines the speed of learning progress. Looking at the mistakes in the learning process before the exam, such as looking at the wrong answers in the past test papers, distinguishing the wrong types (knowledge, method, ability and psychology) and analyzing the wrong answers in the college entrance examination questions in recent years, can enhance the awareness of prevention, reduce mistakes and avoid repeating the same mistakes.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) reviews social hotspots.

The regionality, practicality and comprehensiveness of geography make the combination of social hot issues and hot regional propositions the main theme of college entrance examination, and also the starting point of interdisciplinary comprehensive examination questions. Therefore, it is necessary to review the "news" of the past year. Such as: (1) major events at home and abroad. (2) The commencement and completion of major economic construction projects at home and abroad. (3) Serious natural disasters at home and abroad, such as floods and earthquakes. (4) Newly opened nature reserves and tourist attractions at home and abroad, such as the Southwest "Three Parallel Rivers" Nature Reserve. (5) New theories and explorations in the field of geosciences, such as urban development trend and its influence on industrial, agricultural, transportation and commercial changes; China's Arctic scientific expedition and Shenzhou manned spacecraft were successfully launched and recovered. (6) The new development of resources, population and environmental problems faced by mankind.

However, we should not blindly pursue hot spots and ignore the understanding of the basic concepts, laws and principles of geography and its application in solving problems; Ignoring the function and characteristics of maps in test questions; Ignore the summary of problem-solving methods or skills; Ignore the weak links in apricots.

Political learning method

One: How to preview

There are three specific methods: (1) find the difficulties and grasp the key points; (2) Ask questions in connection with practice; (3) Take preview notes.

When you study a box of political lessons, you can take a look at it in 10 minutes and find out a few questions you don't understand, even if you have achieved the purpose of preview.

Two: How to attend classes

1. The political teacher said many interesting things, but I failed in the exam. What should I do?

Teachers tell interesting things, the first is to arouse everyone's interest in learning, and the second is to explain political principles. The main purpose of studying politics is not to test, but to improve one's theoretical accomplishment and moral quality through study, thus promoting the all-round development of personality. Therefore, in class, don't listen carefully because of the content directly related to the exam, let alone because of the content relatively far away from the exam. We should attach importance to the experience process of classroom learning.

2. The teacher's class is very fast. I don't know where he is. What should I do?

It is impossible for a teacher to adapt to the listening habits of every student in class. If you can't keep up with the pace of the teacher's class, it means that you are not familiar with the content of the textbook. So you must do a good job of preview, and make the content of the class clear through preview. Even if the teacher has a fast pace in class, he can keep up with his thoughts.

There are books on the blackboard and contents in the courseware. How to take notes in class?

You must remember the information that will help you solve your doubts, as well as the main knowledge points of a lesson, and try to remember some information that is not in the textbook. Class notes are the perfection and supplement of preview notes. In order to record the important information obtained in class, it is necessary to leave some blanks in the preview notes. Sometimes teachers are fast-paced and informative, so they should learn to write down key words and ideas. We'll work it out after class.

4. What relationships should be handled to improve the effect of listening to lectures?

To deal with the relationship between fun and boring, it is impossible for a class to be interesting for 45 minutes. You should listen to interesting content and try to listen to boring content. To deal with the relationship between attending class and taking notes, important information should be recorded while listening. Don't just listen and don't write, and don't copy the blackboard without listening to the teacher. To deal with the relationship between whiteboard and blackboard, they complement each other, and the basis of these blackboard books is mainly teaching materials. So, don't just look at the lively and interesting content on the whiteboard and forget the content on the blackboard.

Third, how to take notes

1. If I memorize all the key points, can I not take notes?

To improve the learning effect, we must change the way of learning by rote, think more, accumulate more and take notes frequently.

2. What is the content of the notes?

The first is the preview notes in the preview stage, mainly to outline the key and difficult knowledge in time. Second, the lecture notes in the lecture stage record some new information presented by the teacher in the classroom. Thirdly, sort out the notes in the review stage, draw a unit knowledge frame diagram and list similar topics, so as to compare the concepts and principles that are easy to be confused.

3. What is this note for?

As the saying goes, "a good memory is not as good as a bad writing." The most basic function of taking notes is to retain information and strengthen memory. Preview notes have the link of collecting learning materials, which can accumulate information, expand new knowledge and gain a lot of new knowledge. Taking notes in class requires a high degree of concentration. Taking notes can improve the effect of listening to lectures, while sorting out notes is a process of reflection, and one's analytical and comprehensive abilities will be exercised.

4. What if you don't have time to write class notes?

This is a question of how to take notes in class. Some people often give up the good habit of taking notes because they can't remember everything the teacher explained. You don't have to write down everything in class. If you take class notes on the basis of previewing your notes, you will mainly write down some new information in class. Sometimes there are so many contents that it is really difficult to write them all down. Then you should learn to grasp the key points and write down the key words first. If it still doesn't work, borrow class notes from classmates after class to make up for the missing content.

What's the difference between wrong problem sets and notes?

Notes are mainly the summary and understanding of important knowledge points, and wrong problem sets are the collection and correction of mistakes made by themselves. It's better to separate the notes of the wrong problem set, which is more organized.

Fourth, how to review

To sum up regularly, there are three kinds of review for missing items and filling vacancies. After-class review, unit review and pre-test review should be emphasized. To review in time, first of all, review after class, and review what you learned that day. The goal of after-class review is to consolidate basic knowledge; After learning a unit, we should review it. The main goal of review is to master the knowledge structure of this unit. The purpose of reviewing before the exam is for the exam. You can review it by classification and comparison. At the same time, we should pay attention to the review of various typical problems and improve the ability of examining and solving problems.

1. What should I do besides reading in the review stage?

Review has two goals, one is to consolidate basic knowledge, and the other is to improve one's academic ability. Therefore, reading books is not enough. In the review stage, we should also pay attention to social problems, connect with our own life reality, reflect more, and write essays when we have feelings, which is very helpful to improve our ability.

2. How to grasp the review key points?

Important knowledge points do not represent the focus of review. Everyone's review focus should be different. Important knowledge points and their own weak links are the focus of review.

3. Why should we contact social hot issues to review?

To improve one's ability, one must integrate theory with practice. Social hotspots will change and the theory will be relatively stable. If we can use the relatively stable theory to analyze the ever-changing social phenomena, it means that we have learned the theory. For example, the interest rate of banks in China has gone up and down, but only the central bank has the function of formulating monetary policy in textbooks. If we combine the current currency circulation reality in retrospect, we can understand the reasons why the central bank adjusted interest rates, and draw the conclusion that the adjustment of monetary policy must conform to the objective reality.

Fifth, how to prepare for the exam

1. What is the first task of preparing for the exam?

No matter what kind of exam, the first thing to examine is the basic knowledge. Of course, the current college entrance examination pays more and more attention to the ability test, but the ability is also based on knowledge. If you don't master the basic knowledge, you can't start. Therefore, the first task of preparing for the exam is to master the basic knowledge. Basic knowledge of politics refers to concepts and principles. Therefore, when reviewing, we should first sort out these concepts and principles and remember them on the basis of understanding.

2. How to improve your ability to examine and solve problems?

Mastering the skills of examining questions and improving the ability to solve problems is another important goal of preparing for the exam. The improvement of problem-solving ability needs some exercise training. Of course, the more exercise, the better. It can only be said that the more different types of questions you do, the better. Many students like to buy teaching AIDS and exercise papers and work hard, but they still haven't mastered the problem-solving methods. This kind of blind practice is a waste of time. The key to improving the ability to examine and solve problems lies not in the number of exercises, but in whether we can review them in categories and reflect on different types of exercises.

3. How to adjust the psychology before the exam?

Any examinee will feel nervous when facing the exam. Moderate tension can promote unclosed, but excessive tension is not only bad for study or physical and mental development. Some people are just too nervous to sleep well before the exam, unable to concentrate, and their minds are blank during the exam. So preparing for the exam also includes psychological adjustment. First of all, we should have a good attitude, don't take the exam as a test that determines our fate, and don't think about the results of the exam all day. Secondly, we should cultivate good living habits and don't change the rest time because of the exam. Third, we should ensure that nutrition and healthy body are the basis of a good mood.