The history of hot springs

Where did the hot spring culture originate? This answer may be too old to be tested.

In the beginning, humans discovered hot springs and even discovered that animals recovered from fatigue in the spring water.

It is said that the Japanese did not know that hot springs had the ability to treat diseases at first. Later, they saw an injured animal miraculously recover quickly after taking a bath in the hot springs, which made them take it seriously. Study the functions of hot springs.

Modern people are gradually turning to hot springs as a way to relax and maintain health, relieve stress and even treat themselves. This trend is rapidly spreading around the world.

Qin Shihuang built "Lishan Hot Spring" to treat sores. Xu Fu searched for the elixir of immortality in the mountains and seas, and drifted to Ugeyama County, Japan. The "Xu Fu" hot spring bath is still preserved in the local area.

In the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong built a "Hot Spring Palace", and poets also left many creations, describing the scene of beauties taking a bath from the hot springs, which shows that our country has a long history of Hot spring history and culture.

It goes without saying that the Japanese love hot springs. They can get a small hot spring in three steps and a large hot spring in five steps. Bathing in hot springs has become a very important part of daily life for the Japanese, and they have also developed A set of hot spring bathing culture and hot spring therapeutic effects that are different from other countries is what we call "hot spring treatment culture".

The ancient Romans on the European continent, who also have a long history, heated spring water and flowed it into the built baths for people to use. Among them, the famous hot spring baths in Bath, England and Turkey have always been Still in use.

There are 972 documented hot springs in my country, of which 229 have temperatures above 50°C.

According to preliminary statistics from geological surveys, more than 3,000 hot springs have been discovered in various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country.

Our country’s working people have discovered and applied hot springs to treat diseases, which has a long history of thousands of years.

As early as the pre-Qin Dynasty's "Shan Hai Jing", there are records of "hot springs".

The "Shan Jing Annotation" written 1,000 years ago records: "The Kou water comes out of the high-pressure mountain in Qunlingqiu County...and joins the hot spring water in the east. The water comes out of the Xianggu Valley in the northwest. The water is as warm as The soup can cure all kinds of diseases of Bletilla striata, so it is called hot spring in ancient times." Astronomers of the Han Dynasty also wrote a special poem called "Hot Spring Ode", which said: "The treasures in the middle region are not as beautiful as the water.

< p> ...so we traveled far and wide, and the horses rushed to reach the goal. The virtues of heaven and earth are like birth.

The emperor educates his subjects, and they are endowed with elements.

The six qi are wrong. Illnesses are cured.

The hot springs are here to keep you alive. > This passage vividly describes the grand occasion when the working people at that time went to hot springs to bathe.

In 400 AD, Yu Xin of the Northern Zhou Dynasty wrote the "Hot Spring Inscription", describing the healing effects of hot springs.

In 1000 AD, Tang Yu discussed the reasons for the formation of hot springs in "Tangquan Ji".

Yang Shen of the Ming Dynasty wrote "Preface to the Poems of Anning Hot Spring", which summarized the distribution of hot springs in my country.

In "Compendium of Materia Medica", Li Shizhen divided my country's mineral springs into hot springs, cold springs, sweet springs, acid springs and bitter springs. He was one of the earliest hot spring classification scholars in my country.

The first generation of hot springs is a culture of bathing, which is often called "soaking"; the second generation of hot spring culture is bathing plus games, emphasizing the dynamic and richness of hot springs; the third generation of hot springs is a bathing plus The culture of leisure highlights hot springs as a kind of leisure tourism; the latest fourth-generation hot spring culture is the most inclusive. It is no longer exclusive to young people, but a new hot spring that introduces health care concepts and is enjoyed by the previous generation of adults. .

This is the cultural change of hot springs, which most directly reflects people's different needs in different periods.

As the public pays increasing attention to health, the fourth generation of hot springs has made its debut.

The most significant feature of this type of hot spring is that it provides hot spring baths suitable for different body types, and there is usually a clinic at the entrance to allow tourists to undergo a simple physical examination before bathing in the hot spring to reflect the purpose of health hot springs.

Based on the results of the physical examination, you can choose a hot spring that suits you under the guidance of a health practitioner.

In addition, there are spa options for people to choose from such as fatigue recovery, weight loss and beauty, as well as a variety of facilities to ensure that tourists can enjoy it all year round.

Representatives of the fourth generation of hot springs include Asia's largest health-themed hot springs - South Korea's Spabis. Zhuhai Royal Hot Spring is also themed on health and leisure, and uses a lot of traditional Chinese medicine theory to design health-care properties. "Personalized hot spring" products.

"Shui Jing Zhu" is a famous geography book in ancient my country. The author was Li Daoyuan, a geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty more than 1,400 years ago.

Li Daoyuan has been interested in studying hydrology, geography and natural features since he was a boy. He made full use of the opportunity of serving as an official in various places to conduct field investigations and mastered a large amount of first-hand information.

In "Shui Jing Zhu", Li Daoyuan described the geography, history, economy, politics, historical sites and customs of the areas where rivers flowed through in as much detail as possible, using water courses as the outline. It provides valuable information for future generations to study ancient geography and human history.

"Shui Jing Zhu" contains 31 hot springs, which are divided into five levels according to the temperature from low temperature to high temperature, followed by "warm", "hot", "extremely hot" and "hot". "Twice as bad" and "Hot and strangely poisonous".

For example, the "extremely hot" hot springs can remove the hair of chickens, pigs and other animals; the "extremely hot" hot springs can burn people's feet; Cooked.

The book also describes in detail the characteristics, minerals, organisms, etc. of each hot spring. For example, some hot springs have sulfur gas, some have salt gas, and some have fish.

"Shui Jing Zhu" mentioned many times that hot springs can "cure all kinds of diseases", such as "Lushan Huangnu Soup can cook rice, and drinking it can cure all kinds of diseases. Taoist priests clean themselves and bathe three times a day. How comfortable, after forty days, all kinds of illnesses in the body were cured." This is a true record of the health-care effect of hot springs.

Another example is "Warm soup comes out of the rocks in Darong Mountain, which can cure all kinds of diseases." "Warm water comes out of Taiyi Mountain, and the water boils like soup."

Du Yan replied, "It can cure all kinds of diseases." "If the water is clear, the disease will be cured, but if the world is turbid, there will be no cure", etc., which all show that people had considerable understanding and research on the medical value of hot springs as early as that time.

The earliest record of an emperor bathing in hot springs may be the Yellow Emperor.

In Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province, there is a Huangshan Hot Spring, known in ancient times as "Lingquan", "Tangquan" and "Cinnabar Spring". It gushes out from under Ziyun Peak and faces Taohua Peak across the river. Legend has it that It was here that Huangdi Xuanyuan bathed and ascended to heaven on the 7749th day.

According to folklore: Huangdi Xuanyuan took a bath in the Huangshan Hot Spring. His hair turned from white to black and he was rejuvenated. The Yellow Emperor was very happy and called the Huangshan Hot Spring "Lingquan".

Since then, the hot spring has become famous all over the world and has always been known as the famous spring in southeastern my country.

Huangshan Hot Spring contains a variety of trace elements that are beneficial to the human body. The water quality is pure, the temperature is suitable, and you can drink and bathe.

Jia Dao, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once said with emotion, "When the great philosopher passes away, this water is my true teacher."

The one with the deepest connection with the emperor should be Huaqing Pool in Shaanxi.

Outstanding emperors such as Qin Shihuang, Tang Taizong, Tang Xuanzong, etc. all had a fate with it.

Huaqing Pool is located at the northwest foot of Nanli Mountain in Lintong County, 30 kilometers away from Xi'an City.

In ancient times, this place was already a tourist attraction near Chang'an.

During the Western Zhou Dynasty 2,700 years ago, the hot spring here was discovered and named "Xingchen Hot Spring".

King You once built a palace here. When Qin Shihuang became the first emperor of China, he built a palace here again, introduced a spring into the house, and named it "Lishan Soup".

Also known as "Lishan Soup".

The palace was expanded again during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

In the 18th year of Zhenguan (645), Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, many palaces and pavilions were built, such as "Tangquan Palace" and so on.

In the sixth year of Tianbao (747) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, a lot of construction work was carried out here. A palace was built on the mountain and was renamed "Huaqing Palace". The scale was more grand and gorgeous, with two pavilions, four gates, four Tower, five soups, and ten halls.

Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty brought Concubine Yang here for banquets and bathing every winter.

The poet Bai Juyi once wrote in the famous poem "Song of Everlasting Sorrow": "Looking back, you can smile and be charming, the pink and white in the Sixth Palace are colorless.

In the cold spring, you can bathe in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water will wash away the gelatin. "The old buildings of Huaqing Pool were destroyed after the Anshi Rebellion.

Many of the antique pavilions, pavilions, famous springs and pools in Huaqing Pool today were built and restored since the liberation of Xi'an.

From 745 to 755 AD, every October, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, together with his concubines, sisters and trusted ministers, would come to Huaqing Pool to "escape from the cold", and did not return to the capital Chang'an until late spring of the following year.

After the "An-Shi Rebellion", although repairs and revitalization efforts were made in the past dynasties, they failed to restore the grandeur of the Tang Dynasty.

From the second year of Kaiyuan to the fourteenth year of Tianbao (714-755), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty officially visited Huaqing Palace 36 times.

There are countless temporary short-term trips.

Every time he travels, he is accompanied by hundreds of officials and feather guards, almost moving all the central government agencies to Huaqing Palace.

With Xuanzong’s frequent inspections, merchants gathered around Huaqing Palace, forming a new type of city on the east side of the capital; three love stories between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei took place here.

From "the spring cold brings bathing in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water washes away the gelatin" to "the fishing sun stirs the ground and breaks the colorful feathers", sad and touching historical stories happened here.

Further down, there are stories about Mutang of Kangxi and Qianlong.

Every time the emperor of the Qing Dynasty went to the Eastern Tomb of the Qing Dynasty, he would first bathe in the "Tangquan". Emperor Kangxi once wrote a poem to praise: "The water in the Tangquan is boiling and clear, and the source of immortality is far away from the cinnabar. Bathing in the sun and the moon are overflowing." "The spiritual liquid, the gentle waves of the microwave are flowing in the air." While soaking in the hot springs, you can comment on memorials, "work" and enjoy it at the same time.

Emperor Qianlong also left behind a story about attending the government in the palace.

In this steaming water, the water temperature slowly penetrates into the skin, and the whole body and mind can be maximized relaxed in this warm water.

Hot springs were famous for emperors, who felt refreshed and refreshed by hot springs. The story of hot springs and emperors has become the mainstream of ancient Chinese hot spring culture.

Huaqing Hot Spring is the earliest hot spring with documented development and utilization in China. It is probably also the most familiar hot spring and is known as "the best hot spring in the world".

As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the hot spring here had been discovered and was called "Xingchen Hot Spring".

King You once built the "Li Palace" here, and the first emperor of Qin built a stone pool named "Lishan Soup" and "Goddess Soup".

Later, it was expanded by the emperors of the Han, Sui and Tang dynasties. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the palace was expanded and a soup pool was included in it. The palace was renamed "Huaqing Palace", and the soup pool was also called "Huaqing Pool" from then on.

Huaqing Pool has become world-famous since then because of the place where Emperor Xuanzong’s favorite concubine Yang Yuhuan bathed in beauty and the touching love story between them.

Among the Tang Dynasty Tang Dynasty soup pools in Huaqing Pool, there is a crabapple soup. The inner surface of the pool is shaped like a blooming crabapple flower. It was given to Yang Guifei by Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty as a gift of love. It is also called the Imperial Concubine Pool.

Concubine Yang has the appearance of a shy flower, and her beauty is even more charming due to the nourishment of hot spring water.

In Bai Juyi's "Song of Everlasting Regret", "The spring cold gives me a bath in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water washes away the gel.

The waiter lifts up the fragile body, which is the beginning of the new grace." This is recorded. Yang Guifei's delicate appearance after taking a bath in Haitang Tang left a beautiful "picture of a noble concubine taking a bath" for the world.

It is said that Concubine Yang was able to be "loved by three thousand people" for a long time, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was still suave in his sixties or seventies, which was closely related to his long-term bathing in hot springs.

Huaqing Pool has witnessed many historical changes.

The "Xi'an Incident" that shocked China and the world in modern history also happened here.

In 1959, Mr. Guo Moruo was filled with emotion after visiting Huaqing Pool. He wrote a gold plaque with "Huaqing Pool" in his own handwriting, and wrote a poem happily: "Not only is the palace and pool still the same, but now the common people are kings.

< p> Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, was not only an outstanding emperor in the history of our country, but also an important figure in the history of Chinese calligraphy. His personal actions made the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty the most glorious page in the history of calligraphy.

Zhenguan. In the 18th year (AD 644), Li Shimin built the "Tangquan Palace" (today's Huaqing Pool) in Lishan Hot Spring.

In the 22nd year of Zhenguan (AD 648), Li Shimin led the construction of the new palace. All civil and military officials came to the new palace and personally wrote the "Hot Spring Inscription" to praise Lishan Hot Spring. They also ordered stonemasons to make rubbings on the monument to show to the officials, which was the first in the history of Chinese calligraphy to include running script on the monument.

< p> "Hot Spring Inscription" says: "I have been worried and worked hard, and I have suffered from wind and disease many times. Every time I suffer from this source, I will suffer losses from time to time. "It turned out that Li Shimin had suffered from rheumatism for many years and was cured by soaking in the hot springs in Lishan Mountain.

Li Shimin, with the dignity of an emperor, solemnly promoted the hot springs in person, which shows that the world at that time understood and valued the hot springs. .

The original tablet of "Hot Spring Inscription" has been lost.

The surviving fragments of the rubbings from the Tang Dynasty can still give a glimpse of Li Shimin's elegant, unrestrained and mature calligraphy style.

< p> Tanggangzi Hot Spring has a long history.

According to legend, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin, led his troops on an eastern expedition and passed through this place. The soldiers were exhausted due to the long journey.

Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. The horse stumbled and unexpectedly stepped out of a clear spring.

The soldiers took a rest here and bathed in the dust. The magical spring water swept away their fatigue and boosted the morale of the army.

< p> Immediately, Li Shimin climbed up to the pavilion on the island behind him, stared into the east and made a wish: "If I come back victorious from the Eastern Expedition, I will definitely rebuild this pavilion." "Sure enough, this Eastern Expedition was a complete victory.

Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty did not forget his promise and ordered people to rebuild the pavilion, which was named "Praying Pavilion".

Tanggangzi Hot Spring is now located on Anhai Road (G202). You can take bus 13 from in front of the station and get off at Tanggangzi Hot Spring Station

We have no way of verifying the authenticity of the origin of Tanggangzi Hot Spring, but during the Eastern Expedition of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty , but there are historical records that soldiers bathed here.

According to "Haicheng County Chronicles", the hot spring was discovered in the 18th year of Tang Zhenguan.

According to Bi Shi's records: During the Eastern Expedition, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty Li Shimin came here and went to the spring to "sit in the hot spring" (the locals called bathing in the hot spring). After bathing, he was very happy and built a "prayer pavilion" as a tribute.

During the Liao and Jin Dynasties. "Tangchi County" was once established here, and the county was named after the spring.

It is said that Emperor Taizong of the Jin Dynasty also came here to "take a bath"

There is a place near the hot spring in the third year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty. The "Stele of the Empress Temple" was erected during the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Tanggangzi Hot Spring attracted many faithful men and women to come here to offer incense, and merchants from all over the world gathered here. The emperor returned to Shengjing three times to pay homage to his ancestors, and he also stopped to bathe when passing through Tanggangzi.

There is a fragment of a stele "Rebuilding the Dragon King Temple" left near the hot spring, which is vaguely identifiable: "Stele of Rebuilding the Dragon King Temple" and "Qianlong". Twenty-four years (AD 1760)" are the words.

Based on this, it can be considered that there was once a Dragon King Temple built here. It is unknown when it was built or destroyed.

According to word-of-mouth information, there are indeed ruins of the Dragon King Temple near today's Hot Spring Reservoir.

The temple was built at least before the 24th year of Qianlong’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1760 AD).

Since the late Qing Dynasty, Tanggangzi Hot Spring has witnessed the heinous crimes committed by the Japanese and Russian invaders in the Northeast.

During the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese and Russian troops successively occupied the Tanggangzi area. The invaders took a fancy to the magical spring water here and built a sanatorium for officers and soldiers to treat their injuries.

In 1904, General Kurobatchin of the Russian Army established a sanatorium for officers and soldiers in Tanggangzi Hot Spring.

On August 30, 1905, the headquarters of General Oyama of the Japanese Army moved from Dalian to half of the buildings here, and was called the "Manchuria Army Headquarters", and this place also served as the "Army* ** Earth Sanatorium”.

In the early years of the Republic of China, Japan's "Manchuria Co., Ltd." designed and built a large park centered on hot springs. At that time, the park area reached 536,764 square meters, becoming a famous amusement park in the puppet "Manchukuo" at that time. place.

The uncle, second and third brothers of Emperor Hirohito of Japan, as well as the Consul General of Japan in Fengtian (Shenyang) Higashikachi Ohashi, have all come here several times to enjoy the summer vacation.

In the early 20th century, Manchuria Railway built Yuquan Pavilion and Duicui Pavilion.

On November 13, 1931, Puyi stayed in the Huicui attic here for a week. On March 6, 1932, on the way from Lushun to Changchun, he accompanied Queen Wanrong and Manchu. The old and young people from the Qing Dynasty came to Tanggangzi for the second time and stayed at Duicui Pavilion.

With the vicissitudes of the world and the passage of time, the humiliating history of Tanggangzi Hot Spring has become a thing of the past.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Tanggangzi Hot Spring has once again regained its youth and become the largest health resort and chronic disease treatment center in the country.

It covers an area of ??640,000 square meters, has 1,300 beds and nearly 1,000 employees.

This is a national physical rehabilitation physician training base recognized by the Ministry of Health. It is also the location of the Liaoning Provincial Rehabilitation Center and the Liaoning Provincial Rehabilitation Medicine Research Association. The editorial office of the "Chinese Physiotherapy Journal" of the Chinese Medical Association is also located here. here.

In the past 10 years, with the increasing opening up to the outside world and extensive cooperation with Russia, Japan, South Korea and other countries, this place has gradually gone global and become an international resort for rehabilitation and physical therapy.

Praying Pavilion There is an exquisite pavilion called "Praying Pavilion" on the rockery in the north of Jingxin Lake Scenic Area in Hot Spring.

According to legend, this was the "bathing place" where King Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty went on his Eastern Expedition.

During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin led his army on the Eastern Expedition.

Passing by Tanggangzi Hot Spring, the soldiers were exhausted.

It is said that Emperor Taizong’s horse was unable to bear the burden of the long journey. The horse stumbled and unexpectedly stepped out of a pool of gold and jade liquid.

Taizong was overjoyed when he saw this and went to the soup pool to bathe in person.

He also ordered the soldiers to rest, take a bath and collect dust.

The sacred spring water will wash away fatigue and boost the morale of the army.

Seeing this scene, Emperor Taizong climbed up to the pavilion on the island behind him, stared into the east and made a wish: "If I come back victorious from the Eastern Expedition, I will rebuild this pavilion to thank the divine spring." God fulfilled his wish, Great victory in the Eastern Expedition.

Taizong did not forget his promise, rebuilt the pavilion and named it "Praying Pavilion".

In front of the pavilion is a bronze statue of Tang Wang Li Shimin leaping on a horse.

The bronze statue stands on a stone platform.

The stone platform is about 2 meters high, 3 meters long and 1.5 meters wide. In front of the stone platform are engraved four words "Bath Statue of the King of Tang Dynasty".

The horse statue of the King of Tang Dynasty on the stone pedestal is in proportion to the real horse. The King of Tang Dynasty faces the east, with firm eyes and a resolute face.

The horse’s mouth and nose are stretched out, its tendons are fully exposed, and the entire bronze statue is lifelike.

The villa was built in the early 1920s.

Longquan Villa is built to the west of a larger spring.

It is said that this villa was built by Zhang Zuolin, the then Northeast military and political leader, for his third concubine.

Zhang Zuolin is originally from Haicheng, Liaoning, which is only 30 kilometers away from Tanggangzi Hot Spring.

Zhang Zuolin had heard about Tanggangzi Hot Spring for a long time when he was young.

Therefore, after he became successful, he built this villa for his family here for their family to rest and vacation.

Both General Zhang Xueliang and Nai Fu loved Chinese-style buildings. Whether they were building villas or mansions, they were basically Chinese-style buildings.

For example, the Marshal's Mansion in Shenyang built by the Zhang family and his son, and the Marshal's Forest built by General Zhang Xueliang for his father in the Fushun area are all standard Chinese-style buildings.

Longquan Villa is such a building with a very obvious Chinese architectural style.

The villa has a construction area of ??1,370 square meters and faces south. It is a Chinese-style hilltop building with a third floor and a brick and wood structure.

The roof is made of black gray tube tiles.

The three-story main ridges are all built in the flower cave style, and the ends of the ridges are decorated with dragon tail kisses.

The vertical ridges on each level are decorated with vertical animals, and the cornice ridges are decorated with walking animals.

There is a skylight on the gable wall, and there are two mountain ridges. The lower eaves are decorated with colorful waterproof paint along the ridges.

The main wall is made of blue bricks. On the west side of the building, there is a one-story wing room with green bricks and blue tiles on the two slopes of the hanging mountain. The main wall on the east side is a long corridor, and there are seven 11.2 square meters on the west side. room.

The main building has 28 rooms.

There is a small main hall upon entering the main entrance, opposite are the stairs leading to the upper floors, and the east-west corridors.

The rooms are on the south side. The decoration facilities of the rooms are ordinary plastered white walls and wooden floors.

Among the 28 rooms, 10 are ordinary rooms, and the other 10 are higher-end rooms, used to receive Chinese employees and officials of the "Manchuria Railway".