Ecotourism Wenshan Puzhehei

Puzhehei Puzhehei is located in the northwest of Qiubei County, 0/3 kilometers away from the county seat/kloc-,which is the junction of Guangxi, Yunnan and Vietnam. There are 16 lakes in the central scenic spot, such as Puzhehei Lake, Lotus Lake, Lantern Lake, Xianrendong Lake, Luoshuidong Lake and Bailong Lake, with a total area of nearly 20,000 mu, an average water depth of 4 meters and the deepest point of 30 meters. The lake is clear and many fish can swim in it. Looking up, it looks like a string of pearls 2 1 km long and shining. In summer and autumn, thousands of acres of lotus flowers fall on the water, and the lotus leaves are green, colorful and slim, and the boat passes through them, which is intoxicating, as in poetry and painting.

Looking into the distance by boating, more than 200 stone peaks with a height of 150-2 10 meters rise from the ground, facing each other, shaded by greenery, in various forms, or like toads and green lions, or like lovers in love. Near the mountain, I saw the rocks hanging from the cliff, shaking in the shadow of water, like dragons and phoenixes dancing.

Here the mountain is connected with water, and the water surrounds the mountain. Where there are mountains, there are holes, and there is water. "The mountains are alive with water and the water is beautiful."

Among karst caves, Moon Cave, Torch Cave, Immortal Cave and Shenyi Cave are particularly charming. The cave is wide and easy to get in and out. Stalagmites abound in the cave, and the grotesque rocks stand upright, crystal clear, colorful and magnificent, forming an underground natural landscape of "grotesque rocks, strange water and grotesque caves".

traffic

External traffic

The traffic in Wenshan mainly depends on highways, and Wenshan County is the traffic center. Kunming Nanyao Bus Terminal, Kunming Bus Terminal Center Station and Kunming West Bus Station have luxury buses to various scenic spots in Wenshan Prefecture and eight counties in Quanzhou every day. The North Bridge Bus Station in Wenshan County is located at North Bridge Road (Tel: 0876-2 122886), and there are shuttle buses to Kunming, Nanning, Yulin, Baise, Xingyi, Guizhou, Kaiyuan, Gejiu, Mengzi, Pingbian and Hekou, and Wenshan to Kunming Volvo 1065438+. The Nanqiao Bus Station in Wenshan County is located at Nanqiao Road (Tel: 0876-2 122343). There are shuttle buses to Yanshan and Guangnan every day in the state, but there is no shuttle bus out of the state. The shuttle buses in these two passenger stations are almost all air-conditioned and in good condition. Except for some small places where drivers like to wait for passengers, they are reluctant to drive until they are full, and sometimes they stop on the road to attract passengers, which is very time-consuming.

Wenshan also has an airport called "Wenshan Puzhehei Airport". The airport is located in Panlong Township, Yanshan County, 25 kilometers away from Wenshan Prefecture. Yanshan County is about 77 kilometers away from Qiubei County, and the driving time is about 1.5 hours. Visitors to Puzhehei can fly to Yanshan first and then transfer to Puzhehei by bus, which can save most of the time and reduce the fatigue of long-distance travel.

Domestic traffic

Taxis include Li Xia, Santana and 5 yuan. Tickets are sold on the bus, with fares ranging from 0.5 yuan to 1 yuan, and charged according to the distance.

Puzhehei Scenic Area is located in Qiubei County, with a total length of 287 kilometers from Kunming to Qiubei and a journey of 4-6 hours. You can take the shuttle bus to Qiubei at Kunming Nanyao Bus Terminal or Railway Station Square and Kunming West Bus Station. There are day-shift cars and night-shift sleeping cars, and the fare is 54 ~ 70 yuan, which will increase on holidays. Qiubei County to Puzhehei Scenic Area 13 kilometers, when you get to the county, you have to transfer to Puzhehei, but there are many buses and the transportation is convenient. Fare, 3 yuan.

Qiubei County is located in the northern part of Wenshan Prefecture, covering an area of 5 150 square kilometers, governing 1 town, 8 townships and 5 ethnic townships, with a population of more than 400,000, including Han, Zhuang, Yi, Miao, Bai, Hui and Yao nationalities. Roads have been connected between towns and villages in Qiubei County, and cars are the main means of transportation.

The river ponds in the scenic area can be used for tourists to have water fights. First buy a boat ticket (a ticket to 40 yuan) and a water gun, basin and ladle. After getting the ticket ashore, choose a boat and the boatman will drive it away. Tourists throw water guns and pots at others (pay attention to sun protection and apply more sunscreen. I get wet when I have a water fight. If I don't want to get a tan at all, don't take a boat. I got a second degree burn. The ship sailed for more than an hour and then landed. You can choose to get off the boat or go back by boat (sometimes it will be very cold, covered with water, and it is easy to catch a cold. There is also a plastic bag in the bag, so don't put anything in your clothes and pants, so as not to get your money and mobile phone wet. There will be food, a bathroom, a dressing room and a rest when you dock. After landing, I walked a little way to the cave. You can go in and have a look. Not bad. If you don't want to see it, you can go back by carriage.

Scenic spot culture:

The ethnic minorities living in Puzhehei Scenic Area have rich customs, a long history and ancient culture. The "Respect for the Elderly Festival" of Zhuang nationality, the "Huashan Festival" of Miao nationality, the "Torch Festival, Flower Face Festival and Wrestling Festival" of Yi nationality, colorful national song and dance performances and colorful national customs are all fascinating. Scattered in several villages under the jurisdiction of Shede and Shuanglongying, there is still a magical and ancient cave burial custom.

Attraction environment:

There are 68 lakes, 0/5 rivers, more than 300 buttes, 0/20km underground rivers and 0/6 lakes in the central area. Five scenic spots 136 scenic spots, with a tourist passage of nearly 20 kilometers. Water scenery resources Lotus covers an area of nearly 10,000 mu, which is a scenic spot with perfect karst lakes, caves, buttes, ethnic customs and natural and human resources. There is Dalong Mountain by the lake, surrounded by water on three sides. From a distance, it looks like a blue dragon floating on the water. There are Luyuan Island, Pearl Island, Golden Island, Sun Island and Lotus Island in the lake. The last three islands are almost equilateral triangles, just like a water pyramid. The island is lush, the birds are singing and coughing, and the mud is like "Taoyuan Scenic Area".

Features of scenic spots:

If you don't visit the scenic spot by boat, it will be a lifelong regret. The boat is a canoe handed down from generation to generation by the Yi people. It is only three feet wide and can only hold three people. Sailing in the lake is as light as the wind as an arrow. If you meet in midsummer and early autumn, you can stop on the lake and abandon fishing. There are waves and clouds everywhere, and the lotus seeds around are fragrant. At this time, people can't help but be poetic. In the depths of the lake, thousands of acres of the lake are surrounded by lotus leaves, just like the lotus fairy in the sky leading a team to the world and dancing on the water with the gentle breeze.

Picnics in scenic spots are also a great pleasure. The lake is full of fish. It is really fun to catch fish sitting cross-legged on the green grass, accompanied by strange water, strange peaks, green islands and mountain flowers. Step into the scenic spot, but see the stone peaks lying in the lake or standing on the lawn, all about 100 meters high, strewn at random and with different shapes. The whole scenic area is connected by mountains, surrounded by water, and the lakes and mountains are muddy and spectacular. What's more, there are strange caves in the mountains, and there are beautiful waters in the caves for tourists to stay and watch. Moon Cave, Torch Cave, Xianren Cave, Caiyun Cave, Shenyi Cave, Wangyuan Cave, etc. It is now open. The halls of each cave are spacious and the scenery is charming. Stalactites have different shapes and properties, which is amazing. There is a crescent pond in front of Moon Cave, which is 30 meters long and 5 meters wide. The swimming pool is as quiet as a virgin and as colored as glass. This is really a miracle. Around the lake area, reservoirs and dams are arranged in a circle, just like the stars arch the moon and shine. In the evening, the spring fire is raging by the lake, and the Yi children are singing and dancing on the Caigeping, which is exciting.

Scenic area division:

1. Quiet and clear lake.

There are 16 lakes with a water surface of more than 20,000 mu in Puzhehei Central Scenic Area, which are connected together like a string of pearls, forming a tourist passage of 19.8 km. The water quality is clear and transparent, and the visibility is about 3 meters. Sailing in the sparkling lake, the lake is magnificent and ethereal, and the strange peak forest is intoxicating; Looking around, the distant mountains are like Dai, the lake is colorful, the water is clear, the mountains are green, and Shan Ye is like a fairyland on earth surrounded by seamounts; Tourists are boating, such as walking past a gallery. Bailong Lake has 17 Caodao and Doudao, with a winding path leading to a secluded place and winding gently. Fairy Lake, Lantern Lake, Puzhehei Lake and Songqing Lake are many small islands with flowers and trees floating on the water, which are called "Fairy Capital on the Lake" and "Water Lotus". Surrounded by mountains and rivers, it is extremely rich and quiet. It is really "the mountains have water and the water has charm." In midsummer, nearly 10,000 mu of white jade lotus is sprinkled on the water, like a goddess of love flying from mountains and Shaanxi, as if a lotus fairy with a unique sky came to the world.

2. The towering green butte

There are more than 300 solitary peaks in the landscape, with an average relative height exceeding 100 meters, standing in the lake and located on the flat dam. The peak of the mountain is like a tower, steep as a cut, steep as a cliff, dignified and handsome. Magnificent and imposing. Looking around, Xiaoshifeng is exquisite and lovely; Throughout the panorama, the mountains are like Malik Pentium, full of dreamy colors.

3. Mysterious and strange caves

Where there are mountains, there must be water, and there are mountains without holes. There are 83 large caves with ornamental value in the scenic spot. At present, Moon Cave, Torch Cave, Guanyin Cave, Xianren Cave, Shenyi Cave and Baiyu Cave are arranged for opening to the outside world. The beauty of these caves lies in their connection with water. Wandering in the meantime, seeing mountains with water, peaks in the water, caves in the mountains to hide water, and watching peaks underwater is even more strange. Stalactites are dazzling, crystal clear and colorful. Different shapes, magnificent. Among them, Cai Yundong and Heiqinglong Lion Cave are respectively painted with bird totem rock paintings with a history of more than 3,000 years; The remains of the ancients are still preserved in the caves such as Xianren Cave, Shenyi Cave and Black Dragon, and all kinds of animal skeleton fossils abandoned by the ancients are still clearly visible, which not only has high ornamental value, but also has high scientific research value.

Attraction tourism projects:

1. Water recreation

It's fun to enjoy the scenery by boat, and boating and fishing are also great. Fairy Lake, Lantern Lake, Lotus Leaf Lake, Axi Lake, Songqing Lake, Songlin Lake and Bailong Lake all have wooden boats and boats for tourists to enjoy on the water.

Boating on the lake, "you can see fish swimming in the water, you can see the Woye Basin", "you can see bamboo forests and water towns, and you can enjoy the pastoral scenery". The boat has moved, and the lotus pond is green and beautiful. Seeing fishing boats passing by and meeting geese playing with white lotus can make people appreciate the beauty of the small south of the Yangtze River on the plateau.

There are flower fish, oil fish, whitebait, river loach and carp in the lake, all of which can be caught. It's more fun to do it yourself.

Tourists go sightseeing by boat, and one scene is not as good as the other. Its changes are endless, such as strolling along the promenade, with a sense of fairyland on earth.

Visit a cave

Entering underground caves, there are all kinds of stalactites. Just like the sculptures of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, Underground Great Wall, Eagle, Peacock, Immortal, Buddhist Fairy, Palace, Paradise, Moon and Moon, Lingzhi Wicker, Jin Ju Grape and Dunhuang Grottoes moved into caves. Want to seek excitement, you can sail 800 meters in Moon Cave; Enjoy the wonderful scene of thousands of bats hitting their faces in the mouth hole.

3. Underground river exploration

Liulang Cave is the largest underground river system in Yunnan, with a total length of 1.20 km and an annual flow of 747 million cubic meters. It can be seen that the underground lake is large and the underground river is long, which is really rare. Due to the limitation of technology and equipment, no one dares to reach the other side of the lake by boat now. No one dares to break into a 30-kilometer-long red clay cave, and no one dares to walk down the "canyon" of Fengwei Cave. There are vast caves, deep underground rivers, well-developed stalactites, various types and good landscape quality, making it a paradise for tourists and explorers.

4. Tropical Valley Tourism

The Monkey Rock Climbing Canyon is 9 kilometers long and 880 meters above sea level. Qingshui River roared by, with trees on both sides. In Gu Song, there are many trees and vines, exotic flowers and plants, and towering vines, maintaining the original natural ecology. There are monkeys, mang snakes, rock sheep, wild boar and other rare birds and animals living in the depths of the dense forest. There are precious fish species in the river, such as giant salamander, pig-billed fish, horse fish, salmon and soft-shelled turtle. Swimming in it, the scenery is charming and the fun is endless.

Precautions:

Puzhehei Scenic Area is unique in landscape, diverse in types and rich in content, with the characteristics of beauty, strangeness, antiquity, clearness and seclusion. It is a scenic place with quiet and beautiful plateau lakes, verdant buttes, strange caves and sinister grand canyons, spectacular waterfalls, fairyland-like clouds, rare ancient cultural sites and colorful ethnic customs. There are many scenic spots, wide range, large capacity, good environmental quality, and natural scenery and human landscape set each other off. What you see with your own eyes is pleasing to the eye and refreshing.

This scenic spot was approved as a foreign-related scenic spot by the National Tourism Administration in 1993, a provincial-level scenic spot by the Yunnan Provincial People's Government in September of the same year, and a provincial-level tourist resort by the Yunnan Provincial People's Government in early 1996. Now it is moving towards a national scenic spot.

Eco-tourism was first proposed by Ceballas-Lascurain, a special consultant of IUCN, in 1983. At that time, two main points were given about ecotourism. First, the object of eco-tourism is natural scenery; Secondly, the object of ecotourism cannot be destroyed. In the context of the global environmental crisis, with the awakening of people's awareness of environmental protection, the green movement and green consumption swept the world. Eco-tourism, as a kind of green tourism consumption, has aroused great repercussions around the world. The concept of eco-tourism has spread rapidly around the world, and its connotation is constantly enriched. In view of the deteriorating living environment, the tourism industry defines ecotourism as "returning to nature tourism" and "green tourism" from one of the key points of ecotourism. In view of various environmental problems in the development of tourism, starting from the second point of ecotourism, ecotourism is defined as "protective tourism" and "sustainable development tourism". At the same time, countries around the world carry out eco-tourism according to their own national conditions, forming a unique eco-tourism.

Western developed countries with good eco-tourism development include the United States, Canada, Australia and other countries. The ecotourism objects in these countries have changed from human landscape and urban scenery to thank bellows. Lascari's designation of "natural scenery" means keeping relatively primitive nature. These natural scenery are positioned as national parks with excellent natural ecosystems in China and as excellent ecosystems of virgin forests abroad, making many developing countries become ecotourism destinations, among which the Caribbean and African safari parks have become hot spots of ecotourism.

According to the estimate of the World Wildlife Fund, the tourism income of developing countries in 1988 was $550 billion, of which eco-tourism was1200 million. In Costa Rica, almost half of the international tourists received every year are eco-tourists who enjoy the tropical rain forest. According to the statistics of the World Tourism Organization, the number of international tourists to Africa in 1994 was 18577300, among which eco-tourists accounted for a considerable proportion. In western developed countries, it has become a fashion to travel to nature on weekends and holidays.

Western developed countries attach great importance to the protection of tourism objects in ecotourism activities. When developing eco-tourism, we should avoid large-scale construction and other practices that destroy the natural landscape. The tourist traffic is mainly on foot, the tourist reception facilities are small but not many, hidden in the trees, and the accommodation is mostly tent camping, so as to minimize the impact of tourism on tourists. In the management of eco-tourism, we put forward some loud slogans to protect the environment, such as "Leave only footprints, only take photos", and set up some sign systems and favorite tourism activities in eco-tourism destinations to explain the mysteries of nature, protect the nature closely related to human beings, make tourists enhance their environmental awareness in pleasure, and make eco-tourism areas a natural classroom to improve people's environmental awareness.

In the past, western tourists liked to go to tropical beaches for leisure and vacation. The unique warm sunshine (sun), blue sea (sea) and comfortable beaches on the tropical seashore calm the tourists living in the western developed countries with serious pollution and fierce competition. As the most attractive tourist destination, "Three S" has become a place that westerners yearn for. With the development of eco-tourism and the improvement of tourists' environmental awareness, the focus of western tourists' tourism has shifted from "three S" to "three N", that is, remembering the "Nostolgia" complex that human beings once lived in harmony with nature, thus entering the highest spiritual realm of nature's nirvana.

Pay more attention to the protection of natural landscape, which is a kind of sustainable tourism.

The problems of traditional tourism have prompted people to think about it further. Should we persist or give up? Once eco-tourism was put forward, it was immediately responded by the whole world. Eco-tourism was first put forward by Xie Bellows Lascari, a special consultant of IUCN, in 1983. In the past ten years, the development of ecotourism is undoubtedly successful, with an average annual growth rate of 20%, which is the fastest growing part of tourism products. But so far, there is no clear definition of ecotourism, but people's views are quite consistent. First, eco-tourism must first protect tourism resources. Eco-tourism is a kind of sustainable tourism.

Second, in the process of eco-tourism, we can liberate our body and mind and improve our ecological awareness.

Compared with traditional tourism, eco-tourism is characterized by:

(1) The destinations of ecotourism are some complete natural and cultural ecosystems, and participants can get unique experiences, which are primitive and unique.

(2) Eco-tourism emphasizes the miniaturization of tourism scale and limits it to an affordable range, which is not only beneficial to the quality of tourists' sightseeing, but also will not cause great damage to tourism.

(3) Eco-tourism can let tourists participate in it personally, and understand the mystery of eco-tourism in practical experience, so as to love nature more and protect natural and cultural resources.

(4) Eco-tourism is a kind of responsible tourism, and these responsibilities include the protection of tourism resources and the sustainable development of tourism. Because these characteristics of ecotourism can meet the needs of tourism demand and tourism supply, the rise of ecotourism is possible.

The ultimate goal of ecotourism development is sustainability, and "sustainable development" is the decisive criterion for judging ecotourism, which has been recognized by tourism researchers at home and abroad. According to the meaning of sustainable development, the sustainable development of eco-tourism can be summarized as: managing eco-tourism resources with the theory and method of sustainable development, ensuring the sustainable development of economic, social and ecological benefits of eco-tourism destinations, meeting the needs of contemporary people to carry out eco-tourism, and not affecting the ability of future generations to meet their eco-tourism needs. Specifically, the sustainable development of eco-tourism mainly includes the following meanings and requirements: First, the sustainable development of eco-tourism is to maintain the sustainable development of natural ecology.

Because the object of ecosystem is mainly a relatively complete natural ecosystem, the sustainable development of natural ecosystem will inevitably become an important part of the sustainable development of ecotourism. Ecotourism system is mainly composed of biological environment and abiotic environment. The biological community in the system is a life system, including producers, consumers and decomposers; Abiotic environment is an inanimate system, including sunlight, air, water, soil and inorganic substances. They have formed a colorful and relatively stable structural system and become the main attraction of eco-tourism. A good and rich natural ecological environment is the destination of ecotourism. The natural ecosystem cannot tolerate any exhausting consumption. Therefore, whether commercial developers, management decision-makers or tourists have an unshirkable responsibility to protect the natural ecology, they must know and protect nature in the practice of eco-tourism. This kind of ecological environment protection not only maintains the normal development and circular stability of the natural ecosystem, but also maintains the system of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, that is, respecting local culture. This responsibility of respecting and protecting tourist objects is an important connotation of the sustainable development of ecotourism.

Second, the sustainable development of eco-tourism includes the purpose of promoting the sustainable development of tourist areas.

Promoting the sustainable development of eco-tourism destination economy and society is an important purpose of developing eco-tourism, which is embodied in two levels: individual residents' level and the overall social, economic and cultural level of tourism destination. Residents of tourist destinations are the main components of the social culture of tourist destinations and have the right to maintain their own good development. Therefore, to develop ecotourism, local residents must directly participate in management and service. Economically, this kind of participation makes them get rich economic returns and can effectively promote the economic development of tourist destinations; From the social point of view, the development and penetration of tourism in the local area has broadened the horizons of local residents, improved their quality, and can integrate into modern civilization more quickly; From the environmental point of view, the maintenance and influence of local residents on the natural environment is more direct than that of tourists. In a word, the development of eco-tourism makes it possible for local residents to protect resources scientifically, economically and technically. Generally speaking, the healthy development of eco-tourism is conducive to promoting the sustained growth of tourism economy and injecting new development funds into local economy; In environmental protection, we can give financial support to the protection and management of the natural environment, and improve the environmental protection awareness of tourism managers, tourists and local residents; Promoting the fair distribution of social interests is conducive to increasing the employment opportunities of residents, which will effectively promote the all-round progress and coordinated development of society, economy and culture in eco-tourism destinations.