How to understand the concept and connotation of poverty alleviation tourism

1. 1 Basic concept of rural tourism resources

Rural tourism resources are rich and colorful, including natural tourism resources such as mountains, rivers and biological landscapes, as well as cultural tourism resources such as historic buildings, leisure, knowledge, fitness and shopping, which means that all rural tourism resources are included. This is a broad concept of rural tourism resources, which should be attractive to tourists, have comprehensive economic, social and ecological benefits after being used by tourism, and have the function of being a modern tourism activity. It can be summarized as a rural landscape object that can attract tourists to carry out tourism activities, be used by tourism, and produce comprehensive benefits such as economy, society and ecology.

1.2. Classification of rural tourism resources

As far as tourism is concerned, rural Xiaotian is a big world, and its tourism resources are extremely complicated. According to the structure and combination of tourism resources, it can be divided into the following types:

(1) Rural pastoral landscape tourism resources: Natural pastoral scenery is the most important part of rural tourism resources, including a large area of contiguous farmland belts, various types of economic fruit and vegetable gardens, and a certain area of natural or artificial water.

(2) Rural settlement landscape tourism resources: settlement is the center of human activities, the place where people live, live, rest and engage in social activities, and also the place where people carry out productive labor. Rural settlements in China are divided into clusters, that is, cluster, strip and ring villages; Loose type, that is, scattered villages; Special types, such as tents, water villages, earth buildings and caves. The form, distribution characteristics and architectural layout of rural settlements constitute the rich connotation of rural settlement landscape tourism resources. These tourist resources landscapes have the characteristics of integrity, uniqueness and tradition, which reflect the lifestyle of villagers and often become a significant symbol that distinguishes them from other villages.

(3) Rural architectural landscape tourism resources: Rural architecture includes rural houses, rural ancestral halls and other architectural forms. Rural residential houses in different areas all represent certain local characteristics, with different styles, giving tourists different feelings. For example, blockhouses on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, felt bags on the grasslands in Inner Mongolia, "Ayiwang" in rural Kashgar, "Gan Lan" in rural Yunnan, stockades in Miao townships, caves in the Loess Plateau, plank houses in the northeast forest region, Wufeng Building, the surrounding ridges, Hakka earth buildings and so on. , are various forms, with strong local customs. The magnificent ancestral temple, tall and straight writing tower, beautifully decorated temples and other rural ancestral temple buildings are historical witnesses of rural development and reflect a certain aspect of rural residents' life.

(4) Rural farming cultural landscape tourism resources: China's agricultural production has a long history, and rural labor forms are diverse, including slash-and-burn cultivation, waterwheel irrigation, lake reclamation, eagle fishing, and herb and tea picking. , full of rich local culture and reflecting different farming cultures, is very attractive to urban residents and foreign tourists.

(5) Rural folk culture landscape tourism resources: Rural folk customs reflect the living habits and customs of rural residents in a specific area and are the result of long-term accumulation of rural folk culture. Traditional festivals in rural areas are rich and colorful, such as Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Tibetans have the Bath Buddha Festival, the Snowdon Festival and so on. Yi people have torch festival and so on. Dai people have water-splashing festival and so on. There are also various folk activities in rural areas, such as Axi's spring outing, dragon boat race, horse racing, archery, swinging, catching songs and jumping on the moon, which have high tourism development value. Rural customs and habits, such as dragon lantern dancing and lion dancing in various parts of China, Yangko in northern Shaanxi, Errenzhuan in northeast China and Lusheng Festival in southwest China, are well known. There are also local folk handicrafts, such as Weifang New Year pictures, Guizhou batik, Nantong tie-dyeing, Qingtian stone carving, embroidery, straw weaving, clay figurines and dough figurines. All of them are favored by tourists because of their strong local characteristics.

According to the internal differences of various landscapes, it can be further subdivided into several subcategories, and so on. In a rural area, there can be a combination of various types of tourism resources to form rural tourism resources with local characteristics.

2. Basic types of rural tourism

Due to the different geographical location and natural geographical environment, and the different types of tourism resources, the basic types of rural tourism can be summarized as follows:

(1) Sightseeing rural tourism with the theme of green landscape and rural scenery;

(2) Rural tourism, mainly farm or farm tourism, including leisure farms, sightseeing orchards, tea gardens, leisure fishing grounds, agricultural education parks, agricultural science demonstration parks, etc. , reflecting the theme of leisure, entertainment and increasing knowledge;

(3) Rural tourism with the theme of rural folk customs, rural ethnic customs and traditional culture, folk culture and local culture;

(4) Leisure rural tourism with the theme of recuperation, fitness and entertainment.

3. The main problems in rural tourism.

3. 1. The level of rural tourism is not well understood and the concept is confused.

At present, some people equate rural tourism with agricultural tourism, and some even understand it as agricultural sightseeing tourism, which seriously reduces the richness of rural tourism and covers up other types of rural tourism. Many rural tourist attractions are mainly agricultural sightseeing, and most rural tourism products fail to truly reflect all aspects of rural tourism, and some even distort the connotation of rural tourism and affect the attractiveness of products.

3.2. The management and development of rural tourism are scattered, with poor brand effect and insufficient cultural connotation.

In the development and management of rural tourism, there is a common phenomenon of fragmented management, resources and funds have not formed an effective joint force, rural tourism is generally small, and operators' brand awareness is weak. In the development of rural tourism, the development of rural natural resources is emphasized unilaterally, while the development of local culture, rural folk customs and other cultural connotations and the narrow and one-sided understanding of rural tourism culture are ignored, and the development and utilization of other rural resources are ignored.

3.3. Lack of funds, single financing channels, lack of rural tourism professional financing institutions, and general lack of planning and planning.

Due to the lack of funds, tourism resources were hastily launched without demonstration, planning and planning, and the development only focused on scale, not quality, and was shoddy. Many rural tourism development has great blindness, only considering the present, regardless of the long-term, and some rural tourism development itself is a kind of destruction. The combination of rural tourism and capital market is loose, the amount of idle funds entering tourism is small, and the ability to use government support funds is weak. In addition, in the development of rural tourism in some villages, human traces are too obvious, and rural hostels are built into high-rise buildings, which has a serious tendency to urbanization, which has affected the characteristics of rural tourism.

3.4. Rural tourism talents are scarce, with a single mode of operation and chaotic management.

Due to the low level of development and research of rural tourism, there are relatively few managers of rural tourism, and there is a lack of systematic and effective training for rural tourism professionals. In the actual rural tourism operation, many rural tourist areas are jointly managed by village cadres and local farmers. The quality of rural tourism managers and employees is generally low, and the rapid development of rural tourism conflicts with low-quality rural tourism managers and employees. Rural tourism has fallen into a vicious circle of light management, low quality and low income, which has seriously restricted the development of rural tourism in China.

3.5. The development model of rural tourism is single, and the characteristics of developed products are few, but there are many similarities.

At present, China's rural tourism focuses on the development of leisure agriculture, sightseeing agriculture and other tourism products, while paying insufficient attention to the development of rural cultural traditions and folk resources. The development of rural tourism relies too much on agricultural resources, lacks cultural connotation, and the regional characteristic culture is not prominent. In addition, China's rural tourism products are similar, lack of special products, low overall reception level and imperfect supporting facilities.