Where is Kenya?

It covers an area of ??58.2646 million square kilometers. Located in eastern Africa, straddling the equator. It borders Somalia to the east, Ethiopia and Sudan to the north, Uganda to the west, Tanzania to the south, and the Indian Ocean to the southeast. The coastline is about 536 kilometers long. The coastal areas are plains, and most of the rest are plateaus with an altitude of 1,000-1,200 meters. The East Branch of the Great Rift Valley cuts across the north and south of the plateau, dividing the plateau into east and west parts. The East Branch of the Great Rift Valley cuts across the north and south of the plateau, dividing the plateau into east and west parts. The bottom of the Great Rift Valley is 450-1000 meters below the plateau and 50-100 kilometers wide. It is dotted with lakes of varying depths and many volcanoes. The north is a desert and semi-desert zone, accounting for about 56% of the country's total area. Mount Kenya in the Eastern Highlands is 5,199 meters above sea level. It is the highest peak in the country and the second highest peak in Africa. The peak is covered with snow all year round. The extinct volcano of Wagagai is 4,321 meters above sea level and is famous for its huge crater (15 kilometers in diameter). There are many rivers and lakes, the largest rivers are the Tana River and the Galana River. Affected by the southeast and northeast trade winds, most of the territory has a savanna climate. Except for the dry and hot areas at the bottom of the Great Rift Valley, the southwest plateau area has a subtropical forest climate. The climate is mild, with average monthly temperatures between 14-19°C and annual precipitation of 750-1000 mm. The eastern coastal plain area is hot and humid, with an average annual temperature of 24°C and an average annual precipitation of 500-1200 mm, mainly concentrated in May; the northern and eastern half of the semi-desert area has a hot and dry climate with less rain, and an annual precipitation of 250-500 mm. The long rainy season is from March to June, the short rainy season is from October to December, and the remaining months are the dry season.

Population: 29.4 million (2000). There are 48 tribes in the country. The Gikuyu tribe is the largest tribe, accounting for 25% of the country's population, followed by the Luhya, Luo, Kamba and other tribes. In addition, there are a small number of Indians, Pakistanis, Arabs and Europeans. 38% of the country's population believes in Protestant Christianity, 28% believes in Catholicism, 6% believes in Islam, and the rest believes in primitive religions and Hinduism. Swahili is the national language and is the official language along with English.

Capital: Nairobi, with a population of about 2 million (2000), and an average annual temperature of 27. 9°C.

Brief history: Kenya is one of the birthplaces of mankind, and human skull fossils about 2.6 million years ago have been unearthed in Kenya. In the 7th century AD, some commercial cities had been formed on the southeastern coast of Kenya, and Arabs began to do business and settle here. From the 15th century to the 19th century, Portuguese and British colonists invaded one after another, and it became a British colony in 1920. After 1920, the national liberation movement striving for independence flourished. In 1952, the patriotic armed organization "Mao Mau" movement led the people to launch a large-scale armed struggle. In February 1962, the London Constitutional Conference decided to form a coalition government between the Kenya African National Union (KNU) and the Kenya African Democratic Union. Kenya held a general election in May 1963, and the Kenya Alliance won. An autonomous government was established on June 1 of the same year and independence was declared on December 12. On December 12, 1964, the Republic of Kenya was established, but remained within the Commonwealth, and Kenyatta became the first president. Kenyatta died of illness in 1978, and Moi succeeded him as president. In June 1982, the parliament passed a draft amendment to the constitution, establishing a one-party system. A multi-party system was implemented in December 1991.

On October 20, 2001, Kenyan people gathered in Nairobi to celebrate "Kenyatta Day". Kenyatta was the first president of Kenya after independence in 1963 and was revered as the "Father of the Nation". The picture shows Kenyan President Moi greeting the crowd in a car. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Xianhui

Administrative divisions: The country is divided into 7 provinces and 1 provincial special zone. Below the province, there are districts, townships, and villages. The seven provinces are Central Province, Rift Valley Province, Nyanza Province, Occidental Province, Oriental Province, Northeastern Province and Coastal Province. One provincial-level special zone is the Nairobi Special Administrative Region.

Politics: The Constitution of the Republic of China was promulgated in 1964 and has been revised many times. In June 1982, Kenya amended the constitution to establish a one-party system. The multi-party system was changed to a multi-party system in December 1991, which stipulates that the president is the head of state and government and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He has a five-year term and cannot be re-elected for more than two terms. The elected president must obtain a majority of votes and be elected in 5 of the 8 provinces in the country. The provincial vote rate exceeds 25%; the president has the highest executive power and power of appointment and removal, and has the power to convene or dissolve the parliament; the president and the cabinet are collectively responsible to the parliament; citizens enjoy freedom of religious belief, speech, assembly, association, and movement. The National Assembly, established in 1963, is the highest legislative body in Kenya and implements a unicameral system. The first multi-party parliamentary election was held at the end of 1992, and opposition party seats began to appear in the parliament. According to the Constitution, the National Assembly has the responsibilities of legislating, reviewing financial plans, passing government budgets, supervising government affairs, etc. It also has the power to raise no-confidence motions against the government and impeach cabinet members or the government. The National Assembly consists of 224 members, including 210 elected members, 12 members designated by the president, and 2 ex officio members (the Speaker of the National Assembly and the Attorney General). The term of each parliament is 5 years. A presidential cabinet system is implemented, and the cabinet is composed of 29 people including the president, vice president, ministers of various ministries and the attorney general.

Kenya Folk Dance

Economy: It is one of the countries with better economic development in sub-Saharan Africa.

A "mixed economy" system is implemented with the private economy as the mainstay and multiple economic forms coexisting. The private economy accounts for 70% of the overall economy. Agriculture, service industry and industry are the three pillars of the national economy, and tea, coffee and flowers are the three major foreign exchange-earning projects in agriculture. Industry is relatively developed in East Africa, and daily necessities are basically self-sufficient. The main mineral deposits include soda ash, salt, fluorite, limestone, barite, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, zinc, niobium, thorium, etc. At present, most mineral deposits have not been developed except for soda ash and fluorspar. After independence, the industry developed rapidly and its categories gradually became more complete. 85% of the daily consumer goods required are produced domestically, of which clothing, paper, food, beverages, cigarettes, etc. are basically self-sufficient, and some are also exported. Larger enterprises include oil refining, tires, cement, steel rolling, power generation, automobile assembly plants, etc. Agriculture is the backbone of the national economy, with 85% of the country's population engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. The main crops are: corn, wheat, coffee, etc. Animal husbandry is also important in the economy, and the service industry includes finance, insurance, real estate, business services and other service industries. The tourism industry is relatively developed and is one of the main foreign exchange earning industries. The main tourist spots include national parks, lake scenic areas, the Great Rift Valley, Mount Kenya and the Mombasa seaside in Nairobi, Tsavo, Amboseli, Nakuru, Masai Mara and other places. Currency name: Kenya shilling, 1 Kenyan pound = 20 Kenyan shillings.

News releases: The main newspapers include "The Standard" (English daily), "The Nation" (English), "The Nation Today" (Swahili daily), "Kenya Times" ( English daily, "Ken League" party newspaper), "Weekly Review" (Kenya's largest private English weekly) and "East African" (English weekly), first published in November 1994, published simultaneously in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The Kenya News Agency is the official news agency established in 1964 and provides news and pictures to radio stations, television stations and newspapers in Nairobi. The Kenya Broadcasting Corporation was established by British colonists. The station was launched in 1928 and broadcasts in English, Swahili, Hindi and 15 African languages. After Kenya gained independence in 1964, it was nationalized and renamed "Voice of Kenya", making it a national broadcasting institution. "Voice of Kenya" consists of two parts: national radio and television. The station broadcasts in English, Swahili, Hindi and 15 African languages. The station officially launched in 1983, broadcasting in English and Swahili. "Kenya Television Network" is a private television station established in 1990. It broadcasts in English and rebroadcasts a large number of CNN programs. Kenya Radio and Television Corporation, established in 1987, is the largest radio and television company in Kenya with radio and television programs covering the entire country.

The heroic Kenyan paratroopers

Military: The army was established after independence. The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The General Staff is the highest command organization. The President commands the entire military through the Chief of General Staff. Implement a voluntary military service system.

Diplomacy: Pursue the foreign policy of peace, good-neighborliness, friendship and non-alignment, actively participate in international and regional affairs, seek regional peace and development, oppose external interference and the infiltration of foreign ideologies, and attach importance to the development of cooperation with the West and neighboring countries. relations with other countries, pay attention to developing economic and trade relations with other countries, carry out all-round pragmatic diplomacy, and emphasize that diplomacy serves the economy.

Relations with China: On December 14, 1963, Kenya established diplomatic relations with China.