Xiaoxing' anling introduction?

Xiaoxing 'anling, which is about 500 kilometers long, is connected to Ilhuli Mountain in the northwest and Songhua River in the southeast. Xiaoxing 'anling West confronts Daxing 'anling, also known as "Dongxing Anling" and "Bulun Mountain". It runs through the north-central part of Heilongjiang Province.

catalogue

Basic situation

geographical position

topography

Water vapor condensate

forest resources

Animal and plant resources

mineral resources

tourist resources

Xiaoxing 'anling Korean pine forest nature reserve

Meihua mountain villa

national forest park

Brief introduction of Hericium erinaceus products

blueberry

pine nut

Red pine tree

ginseng

oak

Athyrium hedgehog

three-wire set

Basic situation

geographical position

topography

Water vapor condensate

forest resources

Animal and plant resources

mineral resources

tourist resources

Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing 'an Mountains

Brief introduction of products of Meihua Mountain Villa National Forest Park in nature reserve

Introduction experiment of Hericium erinaceus, blueberry, pine nut, Korean pine, ginseng oak and Hericium erinaceus in Xiaoxing 'an Mountains.

Xiaoxing 'anling Xiaoxing 'anling is also called Xiaoxing 'anling.

Edit the basic situation of this paragraph.

Xiaoxing' anling The direction of the mountain is roughly northwest, and the mountain is low and gentle, with an altitude of 600? 1 0,000m. The two sides of the watershed are asymmetrical, the southwest slope is gentle and the northeast slope is steep and short. Granite and metamorphic rocks are mainly exposed in the southeast section, which is a long-term uplift and erosion area. Tertiary continental deposits are widely distributed in the northwest section. In Tertiary, Daxing 'anling and Changbai Mountain have been uplifted, but the northwest section of Xiaoxing 'anling is still connected with Songliao Plain and Russian Zeya River lowlands. Until the end of Tertiary and the beginning of Quaternary, the northeast and northwest faults rose to the highlands, connected with the southeast of Xiaoxing 'an Mountains to form the northwest mountains, separating Songliao Plain from the boundary lowlands. At the same time, basalt erupts along the fault, a large basalt platform is preserved in Xunhe River basin in the northeast of Xiaoxing 'anling, and Wudalianchi volcano group is near Dedu in the south of Shandong. Until 17 19, 192 1 year, there were still volcanic eruptions. Xiaoxing 'anling is one of the main forest areas in China. Korean pine, fish scale pine, stinky pine, Fraxinus mandshurica and Tilia amurensis are dominant in the southeast, and larch and birch are dominant in the northwest. Precious timber tree species are abundant, and the timber accumulation is large. There are railways leading to Nancha, Yichun and Wu Yiling. Yichun is a new center of wood industry. Xiaoxing 'anling Mountain is a hilly mountainous area in the northeast of Northeast China, which is the general name of the mountainous area north of Songhua River. The northwest is bounded by Heihe to Sunwu to Dedu and Daxinganling; In the south, the line from Dedu to Tieli to Bayan borders Songliao Plain. Total area130,000 square kilometers, of which low mountains account for 37%, hills account for 53% and shallow hills account for 10%. 500~800 meters above sea level. It is the watershed between Heilongjiang and Songhua River. The rock composition is bounded by the line from Tieli to Jiayin, and schist and granite are the main components in the south. The northern part is mainly composed of glutenite, shale and basalt. The mountain is flat, low in the north and high in the south. Daguan Mountain near Yichun is1203m above sea level. Compared with the terrain, there are significant differences. The south slope is round and gentle, and the water system is long. The northern slope is steep and stepped, and the water system is short. There is a hilly platform in the north, with gravel and basalt as the main surface and a wide valley. Hercynian granites are mostly exposed in southern hilly areas, and V-shaped valleys are mostly formed in river valleys. The rivers in Xiaoxing 'anling mainly include the Xunbiela River, zhanhe River, Wuyun River and the Hulan River and Tangwang River of Songhua River, which constitute the watershed between Heilongjiang River and Songhua River. The annual average temperature is -2℃-2℃, the annual average rainfall is 500mm, and the frost-free period is about 100 days. There are several volcanic groups in the west: Wudalianchi Volcano Group in Dedu, 14 Volcano Group; Kolo Volcano Group, with 5 volcanoes; Hongxing Erke Volcano Group, with 3 volcanic belts; Jianshan volcano group, etc. These volcanic groups are relatively young and formed in the Quaternary. Among them, Wudalianchi Volcano Group is the youngest and is known as "Volcano Museum". /kloc-in 0/720, volcanoes erupted in Lao Montenegro and Yamakaji, and lava flows blocked the tributaries of the Nemore River, forming five beaded dammed lakes, which were called "Wudalianchi" in history. It is the second largest volcanic dammed lake in China and a famous tourist attraction. Xiaoxing 'anling is endowed with unique natural and ecological conditions, which breeds and grows a variety of precious trees, such as Korean pine, and becomes a national key timber forest base. The forest area is 6.5438+0.206 million hectares, including more than 5 million hectares, and the forest stock is about 450 million cubic meters. At present, the stock of Korean pine is more than 43 million cubic meters, accounting for more than half of the total stock of Korean pine in China. Known as the "hometown of Korean pine". Larix gmelinii and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Mongolian oak and "three hard boards" (Juglans mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica and pineapple) also grow. There are many rare birds and animals living in the deep mountains and dense forests, and there are rich wild plant resources. Many mountains are buried with copper, iron, lead, zinc, gold and other metal mineral resources, and more than ten kinds have been mined. The famous Wudalianchi Volcano Group in the west of Xiaoxing 'anling Mountain is known as the "Natural Volcano Museum". There are abundant underground mineral deposits, among which gold is the most prominent. Daxinganling is rich in larch, Korean pine, spruce and precious fur animals.

Edit the geographical location of this section.

Xiaoxing 'anling is located in the north-central part of Heilongjiang Province, China, with 46 28 ′ to 49 21′ north latitude and127 42 ′ to13014 ′ east longitude. The northern part is bounded by the middle line of Heilongjiang, facing Russia across the river, with a border line of 249.5 kilometers, which is an important gateway to the northeast frontier of China. The forestry application area is 3.86 million hectares.

Edit the terrain of this part.

Xiaoxing 'anling is a low mountain and hill, and its geographical feature is "eight mountains, half water, half grass and one field". There are many terraces and wide valleys in the north; Low mountains and hills in the middle, gentle mountains; To the south is a low mountain with high mountains and steep slopes. The highest peak is Pingdingshan, with an altitude of 1, 429 meters. Tieli city in the west is located in Songnen Plain, where the terrain fluctuates greatly.

Edit the hydrometeorology of this section

Xiaoxing 'anling belongs to the continental monsoon climate zone in the north temperate zone. Four distinct seasons, cold, dry and long winter; Spring warms up quickly; Summer is warm and humid; Autumn is short and the temperature drops quickly. The annual average temperature is-1℃ to 1℃, the coldest is 1℃, the coldest is -20℃ to -25℃, the hottest is July, the temperature is 20℃ to 2 1℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 35℃. The annual active accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ is 1, 800℃ to 2400℃, and the frost-free period is 90 days to 120 days. The average annual sunshine time ranges from 2355 hours to 2400 hours. The annual rainfall is 550 mm to 670 mm, and the rainfall is concentrated in summer. The dry-wet index is 1. 13 to 0.92, which belongs to humid area.

Edit forest resources in this section.

This forest area is densely wooded. The forest area is 2.8 million hectares, the forest coverage rate is 72.6%, and the total storage volume is 240 million cubic meters. The forest type is coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest dominated by Korean pine. The main tree species are Korean pine, spruce, fir, larch and Mongolian pine. Quercus mongolica, Fraxinus mandshurica, pineapple, Juglans mandshurica, Populus davidiana, Tilia amurensis, Ulmus pumila, etc. Lianas and shrubs are all over the application area. 1998 The total output of wood is 2145,000 cubic meters, and there are more than100,000 cubic meters of logging, wood making and processing residues every year, which can provide sufficient raw material guarantee for the comprehensive utilization of wood. People cut and load at the same time to keep the ecological balance.

Edit this section of animal and plant resources.

Xiaoxing' anling

In the forests and gullies of Xiaoxing 'anling, there are more than 50 kinds of animals such as Siberian tiger, red deer, moose, black bear, wild boar, lynx, rabbit, squirrel and weasel, and more than 220 kinds of birds such as hazel chicken, Thunderbird, merganser duck, golden eagle, woodpecker, owl and cuckoo. There are more than 320 kinds of wild medicinal materials in the mountains, among which velvet antler, bear gall, musk, frog oil, ginseng, acanthopanax senticosus, Schisandra chinensis, three needles, codonopsis pilosula, astragalus membranaceus and rhododendron manshurica are very precious. Xiaoxing 'anling is also a high producing area of fruits and wild vegetables in Shan Ye. There are more than 30 kinds of Shan Ye fruits, such as pine nuts, hazelnuts, pecans, hawthorn, kiwis, persimmons, indigo naturalis and strawberries. More than 20 kinds of wild vegetable resources such as mushrooms, auricularia auricula, Hericium erinaceus, tender buds, day lilies, monkey legs and bracken have been collected and utilized, which has great potential for development and utilization. In Xiaoxing 'anling waters, there are more than 70 kinds of fish, including salmon, sturgeon, bighead carp, carp, crucian carp flower, abalone flower, bream flower (commonly known as "three flowers"), Hucho, Faroe fish, yarrow, Luo Hu and gong (commonly known as "three flowers").

Edit mineral resources in this section.

Xiaoxing' anling

According to preliminary exploration, there are more than 20 kinds of metal deposits such as gold, silver, iron, lead, zinc, aluminum and tin, and more than 0/00 metal deposits and occurrences have been proved, among which gold reserves rank first in Heilongjiang Province. Non-metallic mineral resources are more widely distributed. There are 25 kinds of limestone, marble, agate, flint, purple mud, peat, perlite, crystal stone and lignite, with more than 140.

Edit the tourism resources of this paragraph.

The majestic Xiaoxing 'anling stretches for thousands of miles; The beautiful Tangwang River is blue and colorful; The dense forest is lush and green. Winter is long and summer is short here, the daily temperature difference is large, and the climate change is very different. The distinct climatic characteristics of the four seasons in the forest region have created four-season landscapes with their own characteristics: snowflakes in spring, cool in summer, colorful mountains in autumn and a clean and white world in the middle of winter. Based on this, we can carry out four-season health tourism, such as spring outing, summer drifting, mountain viewing in autumn and snow viewing in winter. Here, not only do the four seasons bring you different scenes, but every day and every hour is full of weather, which makes people feel ups and downs: watching the sea of clouds in Gongbei in the morning, watching Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon in the evening, Wan Li in the clear sky and mountains in the rain. It was fine after the rain, and the whole mountain was submerged in a sea of rolling fog. The exposed top of the mountain is like a huge whale's back, like a fairy island in the sea and like a snowy mountain, showing the irresistible force of nature.

Edit this paragraph of Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing 'anling

Xiaoxing 'anling has the largest primeval forest of Korean pine in the world, with more than1/kloc-0 of forest communities such as larch, spruce, fir, birch, linden, elm and poplar, and is known as "the hometown of Korean pine" and "the snowfield of Linhai". Unique forest landforms and climatic conditions, coupled with exotic animals and plants, Xiaoxing 'anling has unique, primitive and primitive natural features and natural resources. The state has protected and utilized the Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing 'anling, and invested a lot of manpower and material resources, so that the forest area in Xiaoxing 'anling has been protected and the index of benefiting mankind has been improved.

nature reserve

Korean pine forest in the abdomen of Xiaoxing 'an Mountains

Slope National Nature Reserve is the earliest national nature reserve with Korean pine as the protection object in China. It maintains the original forest state of Korean pine ecosystem, making the reserve a pearl of the famous "hometown of Korean pine", and the famous king of Korean pine is located in the reserve. The nature reserve was founded in 1958. 1963 was established as a provincial nature reserve with the approval of Heilongjiang provincial people's government, and 1988 was promoted to the national level. The main protection object is the native Korean pine mother tree. 1997 was included in the UNESCO World Biosphere Network. The nature reserve is surrounded by water on three sides and mountains on one side, and the pines fluctuate, which is very spectacular.

Meihua mountain villa

Meihua Villa, located 28 kilometers east of Yichun City, is the most famous scenic spot in Yichun City. The rolling mountains are covered with silver and full of weather, and the Korean pine virgin forest stands upright and green, which is particularly deep under the cover of snow. Because of the special climatic conditions, there is a saying that it will rain in summer and snow in winter in Dongmen. Meihua Mountain Villa Ski Resort is close to Korean pine virgin forest, with good snow quality, large amount of snow and long snow period. It has built two 1000 meters ski trails, as well as skating, horse sledding and dog sledding.

national forest park

Driving more than 60 kilometers from the urban area to the north, you come to Wuying National Forest Park, which is located at the middle foot of the southern slope of Xiaoxing 'anling Mountain.

Wuying National Forest Park with an average elevation of 400 meters. The 260-meter-long Song Xiang Bridge in the park is beautifully shaped and spans the valley. It is a curved reinforced concrete bridge built with the change of terrain. Walking on the bridge, you can overlook the topographic changes in the valley and watch the largest Korean pine forest in the world at close range. After thousands of years of natural evolution, a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest community dominated by Korean pine has been formed in this forest area. The height of Korean pine is about 30 meters, and the age of the tree is between 400 and 500 years. Cross the Song Xiang Bridge and you will reach the highest place in the park-Guantao Tower. When you climb the tower, you can have a panoramic view of the vast forests and snowfields. Walking down the Guantao Tower, you can also see a small forest train driven by steam. This locomotive was made 100 years ago. In 1950s and 1960s, it was used as a tool for transporting timber in Xiaoxing 'anling forest region. Taking the small train around the park can not only appreciate the original forest landscape, but also experience the labor scene in the early stage of Xiaoxing 'anling development. Outside the Forest Park, a 96,000-square-meter leisure ski resort has been built. Visitors can drive their own horse sledges and dog sledges in the snow, and they can also ride electric sledges freely, which is close to danger and fun. Korean pine forest is the symbol of Xiaoxing 'an Mountains.

Edit the introduction of this section.

Hedgehog head

Hericium erinaceus: Hericium erinaceus is a famous edible fungus in China and has always been regarded as "delicious". Fresh Hericium erinaceus contains 18 kinds of amino acids, which is a valuable health food with the efficacy of treating digestive tract ulcer and preventing cancer. Hedgehog head

Hericium erinaceus mainly grows on oak trees. It is white when fresh and often turns yellow to brown after natural drying. If the artificial flood control system is proper, it can keep bright white. Hericium erinaceus is densely covered with fleshy needle-like thorns except the stalk mushroom at the base. Hericium erinaceus is often planted on the living and decaying trees of Quercus mongolica, and its shape is very similar to that of the "monkey" head, hence the name. Living stumps often appear in the wound, usually at the upper part of the trunk, at least 2 ~ 3 meters from the ground, often in the form of trees on both sides of the trunk. Hericium erinaceus can be collected in May ~165438+1October under natural conditions. Hericium erinaceus can grow normally in complete darkness, and strong light is not conducive to the formation of fruiting bodies. Hericium erinaceus is a treasure in edible fungi, which is not only a first-class delicious and health food, but also a raw material for anti-cancer drugs. How to eat: Dried products can be washed and recycled after soaking in water. It should be cooked, stewed and steamed with meat. For example, stewed chicken with fresh Hericium erinaceus tastes better.

blueberry

Persimmon: also known as toast and blueberry. It is found in the flat and humid zone between forests and valleys in Daxing 'anling and Xiaoxing 'anling Mountains, and it is mixed with other wild plants. It matures in late July and early August, and the harvest period is about one month. Persimmon fruit contains a lot of vitamin B, vitamin C and various amino acids, and the amount of autogenous ethanol after fermentation is high. Persimmon juice is a unique beverage. persimmon wine tastes by going up one flight of stairs, and persimmon fruit candy is especially popular with children. Persimmon is also of high medicinal value, and has the effect of diuresis and detoxification. Chinese patent medicine can be used to treat kidney calculi's disease, gonococcal urethritis, cystitis, enteritis, dysentery and other diseases.

pine nut

Pine nuts: rich in turpentine, called longevity fruit, with an oil content of over 70%. It is regarded as anti-cancer, healthy and nutritious food by Japan and South Korea.

Red pine tree

Korean pine: Korean pine is a precious tree species in Northeast China. Mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest dominated by Korean pine is the most representative forest type on the southern slope of Xiaoxing 'anling. Korean pine is famous for its excellent materials and many uses. The height of Pinus densiflora can reach 30-40 meters, the height of Pinus densiflora is 38 meters, DBH 1.7 meters, and the tree age is about 760 years. Korean pine is soft, straight, easy to process and not easy to crack, and it is an excellent material.

ginseng

Ginseng: Ginseng is known as the "King of Herbs" and is a famous "Three Treasures in Northeast China" (Ginseng, Ginseng

Mink skin, velvet antler) is one of the precious medicinal materials that are well-known at home and abroad and suitable for all ages. Wild ginseng grows in, mainly distributed in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests or miscellaneous forests in Xiaoxing 'an Mountains. Wild ginseng is very scarce at present. According to the year and size, the price of wild ginseng varies greatly, and an expensive wild ginseng can be sold for tens of thousands of yuan. Be careful when buying wild ginseng. (1) Beard: long and thin, with millet-like papules, called "pearl spots". Those white and tender (commonly known as water beard) are not pure wild ginseng. (2) Reed: The reed is long and divided into two reeds, three reeds, linear reeds and wild-neck reeds. . (3) Leather: old leather, yellow-brown, dense and shiny. Those white ones are not pure ginseng. (4) Transverse stripes: there are thin and deep spiral transverse stripes at the upper shoulder of the hair root. Rough stripes, rough surface and incoherent, not pure ginseng. (5) Body: refers to the hair roots.

oak

Oak: an evergreen tree with dark grayish brown bark and strip cracks. Branchlets are dark reddish brown and rust-colored fluff when they are young, and then gradually become hairless with obvious white lenticels. Leaves alternate, leathery, rhomboid-oval, 7-12cm long and 3-6cm wide, the top is obtuse and concave, the base is wedge-shaped, the whole margin is oak.

The lower part is silver gray green, and the lateral veins are about 10 pairs. Flowers unisexual, monoecious; Male inflorescence is soft, often solitary in leaf axils or clustered on short branches of my leaves, 8- 14 cm long; Male flowers are numerous, clustered into small balls on each node of the sequence axis, with 6 stamens, opposite to perianth lobes; Female inflorescence spike-shaped, erect, solitary in leaf axils of apical branchlets; Female flowers are short-stalked, with 1-3 flowers per node, 6 perianth segments, tiny, pilose, with staminodes, 3-loculed ovary, 3-winged obviously, 3-styled and recurved. Nut 1-3, born in shallow cup-shaped shell bucket, broadly ovoid, about 5 mm in length and width, with 3 wings, 3 ridged styles, persistent styles, perianth lobes at the top, and densely covered with sugar-like rust hairs; The cupule is short and shallow, only 2 mm high, 3-5-lobed, with 3 transversely lobed round bracteoles outside and fine villi inside.

Athyrium hedgehog

Hericium erinaceus: The scientific name of Hericium erinaceus belongs to Hericium erinaceus family. Generally, it grows in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests or bushes, and on the grass beside ditches. Xiaoxing 'anling is the main producing area in China. Rich in nutrition and unique in taste. The nutritional components and essential values are similar to those of Pteridium aquilinum, and they are all ferns, with a plant height of 80-90 cm, which are divided into two varieties: green and purple. Rhizomes are short and erect. The leaves are clustered, the petiole is 40cm long, and the lower part has brown lanceolate scales; Leaf blade oblong-lanceolate, triplicate pinnate, herbaceous, pinnate veined. Sporangium is rectangular.

three-wire set

Three stitches: three stitches alias: dog tits. Belongs to a small family. Growing on hillsides, forests or canyons. This product is a deciduous shrub with a height of 1-3m. Branches are grayish yellow or gray, slightly ribbed, and there are 3-5 forked sharp thorns on the nodes; The leaf spur is round, oval or oval, 5 5- 10/0cm long and 2.5-5cm wide. The apex is sharp or blunt, the base gradually narrows, the edge is fine and serrated, papery, and the underside is sometimes covered with white powder. Light yellow flowers in summer, racemes. Berries are oval and red, and there is no persistent style at the top. This medicine can treat chronic gastroenteritis, dysentery, dyspepsia, hypertension, cough and cold. Decocting and washing eyes to treat ophthalmia. It is also used as a gynecological hemostatic, which can be used instead of Rhizoma Coptidis, and has the functions of invigorating stomach and diminishing inflammation.