Common sense of thunderstorm and rainy day

1. What are the key points of lightning protection in thunderstorm days

Affected by global climate change, the number of lightning disasters in China has increased year by year in recent ten years. In real life, superstitious legends such as "people don't do good, the sky thunders" have been circulating. In fact, lightning is a natural phenomenon. It is only because most people have a weak awareness of lightning protection and know little about human knowledge of lightning protection that lightning strikes all over the country every year, resulting in casualties. Only by vigorously promoting the knowledge of lightning protection can we prevent casualties caused by lightning strikes.

indoor lightning protection: the power supply of various household appliances should be cut off; Pay attention to close the doors and windows, and don't get close to the doors and windows leading to the outside; Don't get close to water pipes, heating pipes, gas pipes and other metal pipes; Don't take a bath in the bathroom and don't use solar water heaters; Try not to make or answer fixed telephone calls; Do not handle flammable items in open containers; Do not hang or collect clothes on iron pipes or wires on the balcony.

outdoor lightning protection: try to avoid outdoor activities. At the same time, do not ride motorcycles, bicycles or run in the wilderness; When walking in the open field, do not use an umbrella with a metal handle or shoulder metal objects, and find a low-lying place with your feet together and squat down to reduce the height as much as possible; When entering the cave for shelter from the rain, don't touch the rocks on the cave wall; Do not stay at the top of the building; Do not shelter from the rain beside trees, billboards, chimneys and lampposts; Do not use mobile phones or walkie-talkies outdoors, do not swim, row boats or fish. When a high-voltage wire is struck by lightning near your body, you should jump off the scene with your feet together.

it's safe to stay in the car in a thunderstorm, but don't stick your head or other parts of your body out of the window. If you feel your hair stand on end, or your skin has a significant tremor, you should understand that you may get an electric shock. You should immediately lie down on the ground and call for help after the lightning. When someone is struck by lightning, artificial respiration and cardiopulmonary bypass should be performed immediately, and they should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible to continue the rescue. How can lightning weather protect itself? How can we avoid or reduce lightning casualties and ensure people's life safety? According to experts, lightning strikes cause casualties, mainly in the wilderness, near buildings and indoors.

so, how to prevent lightning damage?

1. When you are near a building or indoors, you should pay attention to the following four points:

First, you should not stay at the top of the building (house).

On August 8, 1996, at 4: p.m., the 16-year-old son of Sun Mou in Heyuan City, Guangdong Province was watching TV at home. Because the TV receiving antenna was faulty, he ran to the roof and fiddled with the antenna. There was a thunder and he died unfortunately. This is because most lightning strikes occur at the top of buildings.

second, pay attention to closing doors and windows.

For buildings with reinforced concrete frame structure, closing doors and windows can prevent the invasion of side lightning and ball lightning. Most ball mines enter the room along the chimneys, windows and doors of buildings, and they move indoors for a few seconds and then escape, which is easy to cause an explosion. At 6 o'clock in the morning of May 29, 1995, a family of four surnamed Zhang was sleeping in Shihuiyao Village, Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province. A ball of lightning entered the room along the window, and then an explosion caused the house to catch fire. A 4-year-old girl, a 9-year-old boy and his wife were killed by lightning.

thirdly, metal objects such as water pipes, heating pipes, gas pipes, etc., which should not be close to buildings during lightning strike, should be kept away from special lightning rod downlead.

On the afternoon of June 5th, 1993, the police officer's office of a police station in Beijing was struck by lightning, and the vice captain who was on the phone was knocked down, and everyone who touched metal objects indoors was electrified.

Fourth, it is not appropriate to use electrical equipment without lightning protection facilities.

In 1986, it was reported that five people were killed by lightning under indoor lighting lights and switches in Hunan. On the evening of August 9, 1994, four women in a village in Xinmin County, Liaoning Province sat around the kang and watched TV. Lightning was introduced by an outdoor antenna, causing machine damage and personal injury. This is because lightning rods can only protect buildings, but they can't do anything about lightning waves invading along overhead wires and telephone lines.

The answer comes from the official website of Extreme Outdoor Network

2. What should be paid attention to in a thunderstorm

Instructions for lightning protection ① When it thunders and rains, it is forbidden to stay at the top of the mountain or in a hilly area, and it is forbidden to continue to climb high to watch the rain scene. You should not walk or stand in an open field near a big tree or a telephone pole. You should hide in a low-lying place as soon as possible, or try to find a room floor or a dry cave for shelter.

② In thunderstorm weather, don't use an umbrella with a metal handle, take off glasses, watches and belts with metal frames. If you want to leave your bike as soon as possible, you should also stay away from other metal objects to avoid being struck by lightning. ③ Don't go swimming, boating and fishing in rivers and lakes in thunderstorm weather.

④ During the thunder and lightning and stormy weather, if tourists rest in the hotel, they should immediately turn off the indoor TV, tape recorder, stereo, air conditioner and other electrical appliances to avoid conducting electricity. When it thunders, it is safer in the center of the room. Don't stay under the electric light, and don't rely on the pillars, walls, doors and windows to avoid accidents caused by induced electricity when it thunders.

when lightning strikes, the traveling companion should take the patient to the hospital immediately. If breathing and heartbeat have stopped at that time, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and chest external heart should be done immediately, and on-site rescue should be actively carried out.

Never rush to the hospital without rescue, otherwise it will delay the pathogenesis and cause death. Sometimes, on the way to the hospital, we should continue to carry out artificial respiration and extrathoracic heart.

in addition, we should pay attention to keep the patient warm. If you have mental symptoms such as mania, convulsions and convulsions, you should also make a cold compress on your head.

For the part of electric burn, under the condition of first aid, it is only necessary to keep it dry or wrap it. When a thunderstorm occurs, even if a lightning rod is installed, the plugs of indoor TV, refrigerator and antenna power supply should be quickly unplugged to prevent unnecessary losses caused by space electromagnetic interference.

In addition, judging from the formation and occurrence process of lightning, lightning accidents are frequent in open areas, on the top of buildings, under tall trees, near rivers, lakes, ponds and wet areas. Experts reminded Wang Hongmin, a member of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Electrical Installations in Buildings: outdoors, we should consider the lightning activity area and look at the distance of lightning activity. Generally, we can judge the distance by listening to thunder, and don't hide under lightning rods and trees.

don't play an umbrella in an open place, because the umbrella has a needle tip and the electric field intensity should be concentrated. Don't use your cell phone in an open place.

get down and put your feet together. Experts finally stressed that in case of thunderstorm, citizens had better hide in a building with metal doors and windows or lightning rods.

A car with a metal body is also the best "lightning protection place". Once these buildings or cars are struck by lightning, their metal frames or lightning protection devices or the metal itself will lead lightning current into the ground. Don't run under the tree.

3. What are the common sense of thunderstorm weather safety?

1. When a thunderstorm occurs, it is essential to close the door and window. At the same time, it is necessary to unplug all the power supplies in your home in time, and it is best not to play with your mobile phone computer. Of course, you must never watch TV, otherwise you will be hurt when the TV is broken.

2. Even if the power supply is unplugged, the concentrated wires are still live. It is best not to get too close to the wires, and try to stand under the light bulb. Because if the thunder is particularly serious, the light bulb may be broken, and standing under the light bulb is particularly dangerous.

3. You can't take a shower, because hot water appliances carry electricity. Taking a shower at this time may conduct electricity, which may threaten your life. It is best to unplug the water heater, and it is best not to turn on the water heater during a thunderstorm.

4. Stay away from windows, walls, etc. It's better not to stand barefoot on the ground. One thing you need to pay attention to here is that it is best not to use iron wire as a clothes line to connect to the window, so that lightning can be easily introduced.

5. In case of a thunderstorm outside, never hide under a big tree. This is the basic awareness of lightning protection. In addition, you can't stay in high-rise platforms, separate huts, sentry boxes, etc. However, if there is really no place to hide, just squat down with your legs together three meters away from the tree.

Extended data:

The average current of lightning is 3, amps, and the maximum current can reach 3, amps. The voltage of lightning is very high, about 1 million to 1 billion volts. The power of a medium-intensity thunderstorm can reach 1 million watts, which is equivalent to the output power of a small nuclear power plant.

in the process of discharge, the air volume expands rapidly due to the sudden increase of temperature in the lightning channel, which produces shock waves and leads to strong thunder. When the charged Lei Yun is close to the protrusions on the ground, a violent discharge occurs between them. There will be strong flash and explosion roar at the lightning discharge site. This is the lightning and thunder that people see and hear.

sogou encyclopedia-lightning

4. popular science knowledge: how to protect against lightning in thunderstorm days

1. don't stay on the platform of high-rise buildings in thunderstorm days, and it is not suitable to enter isolated shacks and sentry boxes in outdoor open places.

2. Keep away from exposed metal objects such as water pipes and gas pipes and electrical equipment in buildings.

3. It is not advisable to avoid the thunderstorm under the big tree. If you have to, you must keep a distance of 3 meters from the trunk, squat down and get your legs close together.

4. If ants crawl away on the head, neck and hands when there is thunder and lightning, and the hair stands up, it means that lightning will happen. You should get down on the ground quickly, so as to reduce the risk of being struck by lightning, and take away the metal ornaments, hair cards, necklaces, etc. you are wearing.

5. If you are caught in a thunderstorm outdoors and have no time to leave a tall object, you should immediately find some dry insulation and sit on it with your feet together. Never put your feet on the ground outside the insulation, because water can conduct electricity.

6. When avoiding thunderstorm outdoors, you should be careful not to support the ground with your hands, and at the same time, put your knees in your hands, keep your chest close to your knees, and keep your head as low as possible, because your head is more vulnerable to lightning strikes than other parts of your body.

7. When you see lightning outdoors and hear thunder within a few seconds, it means that you are in a dangerous environment near a thunderstorm. At this time, you should stop walking, put your feet together and squat down immediately. Don't pull together with people. It is best to use plastic rain gear and raincoat.

8. In thunderstorm weather, it is not advisable to open an umbrella in the wilderness or hold high badminton rackets, golf clubs, hoes, etc. It is not suitable for outdoor ball games. It is very dangerous to play golf, football and other sports in thunderstorm weather. It is not suitable to stay on the water surface and water edge; It is not advisable to wash clothes, fish, swim or play by the river.

9. In thunderstorm weather, it is not advisable to drive a motorcycle, ride a bicycle or run in the rain quickly, because the greater the stride of the body, the greater the voltage and the more likely it is to hurt people.

1. If you see the high-voltage line being broken by lightning outdoors, you should be vigilant at this time, because there is a step voltage near the breakpoint of the high-voltage line. People nearby should never run at this time, but should put their feet together and jump off the scene.

5. Introduce the knowledge of lightning protection in thunderstorm days

At present, it is the season of frequent lightning, and sometimes thunder and lightning are encountered in outdoor activities in summer. At present, there is no most reliable way to completely avoid being injured by lightning.

However, if you are surrounded by clouds that are about to thunder on the mountain, there are the following ways to minimize the possibility of being injured by lightning: First, avoid going into places that are wet or have water. Never go near the open space or the solitary trees on the top of the mountain, which are most vulnerable to lightning strikes; Don't stay in open waters and boats; At the edge of tall trees and forests, around wires and flagpoles, near tall objects without lightning protection, such as haystacks and tents, near railway tracks, long metal railings and other huge metal objects, and at places such as hilltops and commanding heights, you can't stay.

if you are in the wild, you should look for shelter immediately. Generally speaking, places that can avoid being injured by lightning are in platforms or dense forests that are low away from the ridge, and it is also better under big rocks.

however, it is dangerous to wait until the ground is wet before starting to move. We must find shelter quickly before it rains.

if you want to hide next to a big tree or rock, avoid hiding directly under it and leave these hidden objects a little. According to research, the effect is most obvious when the height is below 1/5~1/1 of the height of these trees and rocks.

it is important to take down all the metal objects you bring with you and put them in your backpack, especially the glasses with metal frames. Do not approach any part of lightning protection equipment; Try not to use radios and televisions with external antennas, and don't answer mobile phones.

6. A thunderstorm is not terrible. Pay attention to some tips.

A thunderstorm is not terrible. Pay attention to some driving tips.

Keep a distance from the left and right vehicles.

First of all, you should slow down the driving speed of vehicles, and try to lengthen the safe distance by referring to the car in front. At the same time, it is necessary to keep a distance from the left and right vehicles to prevent the vehicles from colliding when avoiding obstacles in low visibility. In addition, emergency braking is avoided to prevent rear-end collision accidents, and it is easy to get out of control or roll over because of the low adhesion of tires with too much water on the road.

be careful to shake your vision to create an illusion

when driving, try to look at the fixed target in the distance, hold the steering wheel with both hands and go straight ahead. Never look at the water or spray splashed by the vehicles on both sides, so as not to shake your vision to create an illusion and make the vehicles deviate from the normal route and cause accidents. At the same time, be careful not to be distracted by the dazzling and colorful lightning. In addition, when the left and right vehicles overtake, the splashing water hits the front windshield, hold the steering wheel tightly with both hands, speed up the wiping speed of the wiper, and keep a calm mind. You must not brake suddenly or slam the direction.

Don't flash left and right when you see stagnant water

Flash when you see water, or brake immediately to slow down, which is a common fault of ordinary people. In fact, both methods are very dangerous. The disadvantage of flashing left and avoiding right is that drivers behind don't know how to react, and accidents are easy to happen. In fact, if the water depth is about 15 cm, it will not have any impact on the car at all, and you can drive at a normal speed without worrying about water entering the car or breaking down. It should be noted that when the car passes through the water, the braking system may be temporarily weakened, and the distance should be lengthened when braking.

operate correctly when the vehicle skids

it is easier to run into road skidding when driving in a thunderstorm. Water on the road suddenly increases the unilateral resistance of high-speed vehicles, and in severe cases, the vehicles circle or lose control, so you should slow down, hold the steering wheel well, and pay attention to water on the road. If you really encounter a car skidding, you don't need to be too flustered. You must stay calm. If the front wheel slips, the steering wheel should be corrected in the opposite direction of the slip; If the rear wheel slips, correct the steering wheel in the same direction as the slip.

It is best to change the wiper rubber strip once a year

If the water sweeping ability of the wiper is seriously reduced, it is very difficult to drive in rainy days. To restore its ability, the key is to replace the rubber strip on the wiper blade. After a long time of use, rubber strip is mostly aging, so it can't be closely attached to the glass, so it can't clean the raindrops on the glass. Especially when there is dirt, because the dirt is sandwiched between the rubber strip and the glass, the performance of the wiper will be further reduced. Generally speaking, rubber strip should be replaced once a year.

7. lightning tips

lightning 1. what is natural lightning? Lightning is