Three ancient poems about homesickness while traveling

Part 1 of an ancient poem about being homesick while traveling

"Butterflies Love Flowers Traveling in the Moon and Embracing People"

Wan of the Qing Dynasty and Song Dynasty

The moon is gone The curtain was only a few feet wide, and the black magpie flew away in fright, making the whole place look sad and white. Old friends thousands of miles away are separated by barriers. Who plays the plum blossom flute in the south building?

Crickets bully the sick in front of the lamp, and their clear shadows linger, why do you feel sleepy? The banana trees in the corner are rustling in the wind, and hatred covers the windows.

Appreciation

The title of this poem is "Traveling in the Moon and Embracing People". In fact, only the upper part of the poem is full of meaning, and the lower part is a deeper level. It is the author's starting point. A lot of feelings came from me.

The first three sentences write about the moon. "Shu Lian" is the place where the poet lives. "Only a few feet" is not a literal description, but expresses the brightness and brightness of the moonlight. Because of this, people can still feel so close to the moon through the "sparse curtain". The sentence "The black magpie was frightened to fly" was adapted from Cao Cao's "Dan Ge Xing": "The moon was sparse, the black magpie flew south, and it circled the tree three times, with no branches to rely on." On the surface, it further described the brightness of the moonlight, so that it made The black magpie flew up in fear because the sky was about to dawn. In fact, it implicitly expressed the feeling of "having no branches to rely on", and vaguely expressed the depression of the journey. The moon is unintentional, the light is as bright as before, and it is pure white, but the viewer has intention, and the situation arises with the emotion, so the poet puts the word "sad" before "white". A "sad" person can be "sad" by touching anything, let alone being on a journey and concentrating on the clear light of the plain moon? At this time, I heard the sound of the neighbor's flute, so I suddenly thought of my old friend far away. . The fourth and fifth sentences are about "caring for someone". It is unknown who the person he is cherishing is, but the poet remembered him when he was lonely under the moonlight during the journey. It can be seen that this is not an ordinary friend, but someone who can be with him. The one who has the same mind. "Wanli" means that we are "separated" from our "old friend", and the distance between "Wanli" and "Wanli" is not smooth. The "old friend" is further away from the "Guan fortress", which shows that it is extremely difficult to meet him. . "Nanlou" is derived from "Jin Shu·Yu Liang's Biography", and later refers to the place where poets and poets visited when traveling for elegance. For example, Li Bai's poem said "the clear view of Nanlou at night, the romance is in Wuchang", here generally refers to the neighbor's house. "Plum Blossom" refers to the plum blossom falling or plum blossom leading in the flute music, and later generations used it as a substitute for other songs. The word "Who did it" is a question on the surface, but in fact it also means reproach in the surprise, because the moonlight all over the place has already made the poet under the "sparse curtain" "sad", and suddenly an unknown person appeared on the "South Tower" Who played the whimpering flute again, wouldn't it make him even more distracted? And the flute player happened to be playing "Plum Blossom". This famous song that talks about separation makes the poet even more miss the old friends who are separated by thousands of miles. We are not allowed to see each other, but there is a different song lingering in our ears. The feeling of "caring for someone" in the sound of the flute under the moonlight during this journey, I really don't know how sad it must be.

Halfway through the poem, the meaning of the title "Traveling in the Moon and Embracing People" seems to have been written out. After the first three sentences, the poet went back to write the word "cruising" to further reveal himself. The guest situation is poor and the inner worries are hidden. The sound of "crickets" seems to be close "in front of the lamp", which is exactly the season written in "The Book of Songs: July", "August is in the sky, September is at home, and October crickets come under my bed", indicating that autumn The meaning is very strong. With only a solitary lamp for company, the loneliness among the guests is already visible, let alone a "sick guest", let alone even crickets coming to "bully" him! As for how the crickets "bullied" the sick guest, two or three pairs As explained in the sentence, the poet said that because their chirping disturbed people from falling asleep, his "clear shadow" had no choice but to "wander" in front of the lamp under the moon. In fact, the behavior of "wandering" just shows that the mind is confused, and its "shadow" is very "clear", which also shows that the pain of the poetic heart is reflected in the body, which is actually clear. These are the real reasons for "how to feel sleepy". The poet didn't explain clearly, but blamed the crickets for "bullying" him, which shows the euphemistic and melancholic style of the poem. In the last two sentences, the poet blames the "cricket" to the "corner banana", hating it for blocking the moonlight and "covering the window with darkness." "生" is a particle. Originally, the "corner plantain" should have a certain degree of poetry and painting. It should have been the object of favor of poets and painters. Moreover, now it is "whispering" under the moonlight and in the autumn wind, which should make people feel a bit affectionate. However, the poet But he chose to use the word "hate". If he hadn't had such a literary name, and such rich and delicate emotions and artistic temperament, one would almost suspect that he was someone who burned the harp and boiled the crane. All this may seem difficult to understand, but in fact, when commenting on this poem in "Zhongci" written by Tan Xian of the Qing Dynasty, he only used the word "worry and slander" to reveal the whole story. As for where "slander" comes from, there is no need to delve into it. Anyway, the poet's worries and worries are fully revealed in the poem, and "covering the window with darkness" is just another way of saying "clouds cover the sun" as the ancients said. That’s all.

Overall, the whole word has a vivid image, from the "sad" moonlight to the "clear shadow" of the "sick guest" to the faint sound of the flute and the "whispering" plantains, all of which make readers feel at home. at present. Moreover, the purpose of "caring for people" in the upper part of the poem is very clear, but it is not exhaustive; the feeling of "worry and slander" in the lower part is slightly obscure, but it is not unfathomable. The image and emotion are integrated. The writing is tortuous but yet obscure, and it can indeed be regarded as the word "graceful".

Part 2 of ancient poems about homesickness while traveling

"Homesickness"

Li Gou of the Song Dynasty

People say that the setting sun is the end of the world. There is no home at the end of the world.

I already hate that the green mountains are blocking each other, and the green mountains are still covered by dusk clouds.

Appreciation

It is common for wanderers to feel homesickness caused by the scenery in front of them. Based on this life experience, there are many poems in ancient poetry that express homesickness through every scene and thing. A masterpiece. "There is bright moonlight in front of the bed, suspected to be frost on the ground" (Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts") is the feeling of hometown triggered by the bright moon; "When people return home after falling geese, their thoughts are in front of flowers" (Xue Daoheng's "Returning Thoughts of the Sun") is borrowed from spring flowers Expressing reflection: "I don't know where to play the reed pipe, and all the people are looking for their hometowns in one night" (Li Yi's "Listening to the Flute in the City at Night") because the sound of the flute stimulates endless nostalgia. These poems have something to do with me, and the love words are close to each other. Some of them are true and smooth, and some of them are deep and subtle. They are deeply loved by people and have become masterpieces that have been passed down through the ages. Li Gou's "Homesickness" is a poem in which the sunset evokes strong nostalgia. However, it does not only use the description of the sunset to convey the feeling of nostalgia, but also focuses on expressing what it sees, thinks, and feels at sunset. Feelings, and using step-by-step and layer-by-layer contrasting methods to express the nostalgia deeply and deeply.

"Nostalgia" writes about the longing for hometown in every sentence, but it is not rendered in the same color on a flat surface, but layer by layer, the emotion is eagerly and solemnly pushed to the climax. The poet is facing the setting sun at the end of the world, but in the first and second sentences, he does not describe the dim twilight in the end of the world. He begins the sentence by borrowing "people's words" about the distance of the end of the world, which already contains the feeling of a wanderer, and then uses "looking at the end" The word "missing" expresses the author's sadness about the distance of his hometown - far beyond the horizon. This adds a layer of resentment about the remoteness of the hometown to the wanderer's thoughts. The third and fourth sentences use the green mountains and dusk clouds in front of us to push the homesickness to a higher level: It is already hateful to be far away, but how can we see layers of green mountains blocking the road to my hometown in the world? On top of the hatred of being far away, there is another hatred - separation; What's more, these layers of green mountains are "still covered by dusk clouds", "blocked" and "blocked" again and again, how embarrassing! Just four sentences, one layer at a time, one layer at a time, deepening the deep feelings of homesickness. The expression is profound, tortuous and very strong.

This way of writing is not unique in poetry. Li Shangyin's "Liu Lang already hates that Pengshan is far away, and even more separated by ten thousand layers of Pengshan" ("Untitled") is well-known. Ouyang Xiu, a contemporary of Li Gou, also used this technique in "Traveling on the Shasha": "No high buildings should be near dangerous railings; all the plains are covered with spring mountains, and pedestrians are even outside the spring mountains." It is difficult to speculate whether Li Gou was inspired by them, but the layers of emotion in his "Homesickness" are based on what he saw at dusk. Specific scenery in specific environments such as "sunset", "end of the world", "green mountains" and "twilight clouds" arouse waves of emotions. With the help of Dianshi and Ouyang Yongshu, Li Yishan directly points through the "pedestrians" to For comparison, by pushing one layer apart, it should be said that the ironing is more natural, and there is also a breakthrough in art.

Part 3 of ancient poems about homesickness while traveling

"Thoughts on Traveling in Jibei"

Zhang Ji of the Tang Dynasty

Looking at Home and Country Every Day , empty song and white text.

I remember the time when I was sent away to another family.

When you are frustrated, you still talk alone, and when you are sad, you only know it.

The willow tree outside the guest pavilion has all its branches facing south.

Appreciation

"Poetry should avoid vulgarity, and even more, avoid familiarity." This is one of the requirements put forward by the author of "Art Summary" for poetry creation. The style of poetry is despicable, so-called vulgar. There is certainly not much to be desired in such works; while familiar poetry, because it has no new ideas, can neither provide readers with new understandings nor provide readers with new aesthetic objects worth pondering. Undoubtedly, There is even less value for existence. Liu Xizai's requirements for "avoiding familiarity" are actually not low. It is not easy for poets to meet this requirement, especially when writing about themes that have been repeatedly chanted by predecessors. As Yan Yu said: "Most of the good poems of the Tang Dynasty are about conquest, relocation, travel, and parting." However, Zhang Ji avoided the word "familiar" after all. This is precisely the reason why "Thoughts on a Journey in Jibei" is often favored by poetry editors of different eras and has not fallen into obscurity.

What is new in "Thoughts on a Journey to Jibei"? Reading the whole poem, it is not difficult to find that it is mainly new in the last two sentences of "The willow outside the guest pavilion door has broken all its branches towards the south".

It was a custom in the Tang Dynasty to "break willow branches to send people on a long journey". Many poets in the Tang Dynasty wrote this detail into their farewell and homesickness chapters. "The spring breeze knows the pain of farewell, and does not send away the green willow branches." (Li Bai: "Lao Lao Pavilion") "The willow trees are in the east wind, and the green leaves are pinched by the river. It has been painful to climb the branches recently, which should be because of the many farewells." (Wang Zhihuan: "Farewell") " Hearing "Breaking Willows" in this nocturne, who can't forget the feeling of hometown? But he is not the same as others. The angle he adopts and the emotions he expresses are different from those of his predecessors. If you compare Cui Shi's "Breaking Willows" and Yuan Chun's "Send to the Sisters in Luozhong" with them, this can be further proved.

Yuan Chun's poems are as follows: "The old country has been separated for many years, and the Guanhe River is thousands of miles away. The inscription is based on the wings of wild geese, and I look at the moon and think about my eyebrows. The white hair is worried and biased, and I can only know my return to my heart. Who can leave the chaotic place? "Hide your tears to the south branches." This poem by Yuan Chun is quite similar to "Thoughts on a Journey in Jibei". The poet is far away from home, which is one of the similarities. Yuan Chun is thousands of miles away from his hometown, and Zhang Ji is also far away from his hometown. Where is Zhang Ji's hometown? There are several theories: one is that he was from Hezhou (today's He County, Anhui), another is that he was from Suzhou (today's Jiangsu), and the other is that he grew up in Hezhou and his ancestral home is in Suzhou. Judging from the first two sentences of this poem, his hometown must be in the land of "Wu": he "looks at his hometown" and sings "White Coil Ci", and "White Coat Song" is a dance music from Wu.

It is naturally very far from Wu to Jibei (north of today's Tianjin). The poet has a home and cannot go back, which is the second similarity. The reason for Yuan Chun's "unable to return" has been stated in the poem: "Who deserves to leave the chaotic place" and is in the midst of the chaos; Zhang Ji's poem did not mention it. Maybe he stayed in Jibei for some reason while on business. , but it is certain that the stay time is not short, which can be seen from the "every day" in the first sentence, the "long cause" in the third sentence, and the "break" in the eighth sentence. Borrowing willows to express homesickness is the third similarity. The poems of Yuan Chun and Zhang Ji both use the last sentence as the knot, and both depict a moving image in this knot sentence. But what Yuan Chun painted was the image of the poet himself: a female Taoist priest touching a willow and covering her face towards her hometown while weeping; what Zhang Ji painted was a willow, a willow standing next to the Qing Qing guest house; although it is green, It is green, but its branches facing south have been broken off. This damaged willow is not as attractive in the painting as "Branches Covering Tears to the South", but due to the reason for its damage - the branches were broken by a homesick person, it gained a special sense of beauty. It is more inspiring: breaking branches is originally to send off friends, but sending friends off also arouses homesickness; now that the branches of the willows facing south have been broken, how many waves of homesickness have been set off in the poet's chest when the branches are broken? How can people be so worthy when things are like this? ?The poet's homesickness has overflowed from his mind and filled the guest house and Jibei.

Cui Shi wrote in "Folding Willows": "February is half full, and the three sides of the garrison are not returned. I cherish my years, and the willows climb for you. The fallen catkins hang on the sleeves of my shirt, and the hanging strips are brushed into my bun. Waiter. The news is broken, and I look at Yangguan with tears." This is undoubtedly a representative poem for women. The poet also uses broken willows to express his longing. However, this kind of emotional expression is relatively direct: thinking about his husband leads to breaking of willows, and breaking branches expresses missing his husband; when Zhang Ji's homesickness is expressed in willows, it is more tortuous and profound, which has been mentioned in the introduction. Of course, this kind of twists and turns are only as far as the conclusion is concerned. There is no shortage of sentences that express one's feelings directly in "Thoughts on a Journey in Jibei". But precisely because the first two sentences of the poem are quite straightforward, the image of the willow that appears at the end contains extremely rich emotions, and adds a subtle and implicit meaning to the whole poem.