Analysis on the Employment Situation of Students Majoring in Tourism Management in Higher Vocational Colleges

Analysis of the Employment Situation of Tourism Management Students in Higher Vocational Colleges

1. The Employment Situation of Tourism Majors in Higher Vocational Colleges

According to the statistics of National Tourism Administration, there are 9.8 million direct employees in China at present, with an average annual increase of 5,, with a gap of at least 2 million. Tourism majors have broad employment space and good employment prospects in all directions. In recent years, the employment situation of students majoring in tourism has also been good. According to the data published on the website of China Higher Vocational Education, the employment rate of graduates majoring in tourism in famous domestic higher vocational colleges has reached 1%. After graduation, some students went to hotels, travel agencies and other enterprises, and some went to state organs related to their majors or transferred to other industries for employment.

from the perspective of market demand, the responsible persons of employers such as tourist hotels and travel agencies believe that tourism is a highly operational industry, and the requirements for practical operation ability are far higher than those for knowledge. Therefore, enterprises, especially travel agencies, are more willing to use those higher vocational students who are familiar with tourism business and willing to endure hardships. Relatively speaking, enterprises think that they are more practical than undergraduates.

second, the analysis of the main factors that affect the employment of students majoring in tourism management

1. The society expects too much from students' ability and quality

Many parents believe that college students majoring in tourism management who have systematically mastered tourism theory should be engaged in more decent positions such as managers, supervisors and civil servants of tourism enterprises in the future. The idea that college students are "favored by heaven" has been formed for a long time, and under the influence of society and family, many students majoring in tourism have a strong sense of superiority and high expectations for employment. To some extent, there is a phenomenon of "three choices" in choosing employment areas, employment units and jobs.

2. The traditional concept of employment affects employment

There is a big talent gap in tourism industry. As long as graduates are willing, there are jobs. It's just that the enrollment situation in recent years is not ideal. Even students who have studied tourism major still change careers after graduation, which is related to people's traditional ideas. In China's traditional concept, service is the job of serving people, and the occupation of service is inferior. This kind of old consciousness and old concept still affects people to varying degrees, which has a great influence on college students' job hunting.

3. Lack of rational thinking on career orientation

College students pay the most attention to personal development space when they are employed, hoping to have promotion opportunities in a short time, while the tourism industry, especially the hotel industry, requires managers to sit up from waiters, and managers need knowledge and experience, especially the most basic work experience in this industry. Otherwise, it is difficult to be a good manager without experience. The expected income of graduates does not match the salary provided by the employer.

4. The choice of professional employment is too narrow

At present, the employment positions of tourism students are mostly limited to hotels and travel agencies. With the arrival of knowledge economy and information society, and the intensification of tourism competition, the shortage of talents will become more and more prominent. First, the regular talents needed by the management of tourism enterprises, such as senior managers, talents engaged in human resource management and development, marketing, tourism entertainment management, tourism planning, tourism scenic spot management, tourism property management, etc. Second, with the development of tourism, some new professionals are needed, such as those engaged in tourism e-commerce, timeshare tourism network management, exhibition tourism, tourism capital operation and so on; The third is the creative and compound talents needed in the future social competition.

5. Knowledge and practical operation ability are not outstanding

At present, a large number of graduates working in tourism enterprises can't meet the requirements of enterprises when they just start working. The investigation and analysis of the reasons show that some higher vocational colleges do not closely integrate the setting of professional training programs with the market demand, and many courses offered are divorced from the actual situation, so that students only learn part of professional knowledge unilaterally at school.

Third, the employment countermeasures for students majoring in tourism management

1. Strengthen employment guidance and rationally plan careers

For enterprises, morality and responsibility are the key criteria for selecting candidates. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the education and guidance of students' career planning during school. First, through the education and guidance of career planning, students can strengthen their understanding of the training objectives and employment direction of this major; Second, encourage students to participate in social practice activities, and understand the characteristics of their occupations and the qualities that employees should have as soon as possible; In addition, the forms of employment guidance should be diversified. In addition to holding employment lectures, parents can also hold employment briefings and invite relevant enterprises to come to the school to introduce their situation to help students study interested enterprises from various aspects.

2. Strengthen vocational education and change the concept of employment

At present, college students have some unreasonable ideas about career choice. Due to the influence of the current social and economic situation, students have some negative tendencies in the process of choosing jobs, such as seeking stability, worshiping power and utilitarian psychology, and choosing which career is popular and which career environment is excellent, so that there are "teachers' fever", "civil servants' fever" and "civil servants' fever" We should strengthen our own ideological education, correctly understand ourselves, overcome blind hedonism, money worship and egoism, and cultivate lofty professional ideals and ethics, a high sense of social responsibility, and a spirit of initiative and innovation.

3. Strengthen practical teaching and improve operational skills

The most striking feature of higher vocational education is to integrate practical applied technology theory courses with experiments, training and practice, and carry out practical teaching to integrate theory with practice, so as to achieve the goal of cultivating applied technical talents. In the teaching of students majoring in tourism, experiments and training should be based on campus bases, and experimental and training bases that are complementary to the courses should be built to provide conditions for students to obtain socially recognized skill level certificates.

Higher vocational students majoring in tourism should make full use of the rich tourism resources and facilities in this area, and carry out resource research, hotel services, voluntary tour guides and other activities. At present, the demand for talents in the general tourist season will be relatively large. For those students who are interested in developing in the tourism industry, it is very meaningful to get involved in this field in advance. College students use their holidays to accumulate work experience in travel agencies and hotels, which is very helpful for finding jobs in the future.

4. Optimize the curriculum and improve the teaching quality.

First, we should refine the professional direction. At present, China's tourism higher education basically has professional directions such as hotel management, marketing and travel agency management. According to the needs of tourism development, there will be more professional directions. Therefore, specialization will be a trend. Colleges and universities should set up majors that meet the requirements of the times according to their own strength, so as to be practical, advanced and reasonable in structure; Second, the class hours of theoretical and practical courses should be arranged reasonably, so that students can master the basic theoretical knowledge and at the same time, their practical ability can be exercised and improved accordingly; Third, it is necessary to cultivate teachers with both theoretical knowledge and practical experience, so as to improve the overall quality of teachers.

5. Strengthen vocational education and cultivate professional enthusiasm

As a graduate majoring in tourism, we must first strengthen our recognition of the tourism industry subjectively. Teachers play a leading role in this respect. Teachers can impart theoretical knowledge related to tourism to students through rich professional knowledge and flexible teaching methods, so that students can understand that tourism is a new sunrise industry with great development space; You can also communicate with students, change the idea that some students are inferior in tour guide service and reception service, and adjust students' mentality of choosing a job; In addition, students can be organized to carry out field practice, investigation and other activities, from training students to? Inspire the love of this major from the interest in tourism.

6. Strengthening quality education

As an applied and practical industry, it is particularly important to carry out quality education in personnel training. Higher vocational colleges should change their educational concepts and implement innovative education and quality education. The cultivation of students majoring in tourism should be well combined with practical work, tourism development and social reality, and diversified innovative education practice modes should be vigorously advocated, including making innovative training programs and plans, carrying out innovative classroom teaching and various extracurricular teaching activities to cultivate students' practical ability and innovative spirit. In order to meet the demand of tourism development for tourism talents, tourism majors should break through the original education mode, lay a foundation at a higher level, establish an image, reform and innovate, make full use of all kinds of tourism education resources, form the overall tourism education synergy, and cultivate more applied talents suitable for market demand. ;