What kinds of whales are there?

Classification of whales

Divide whales into two groups:

Toothed whale: toothed marine behemoths, such as sperm whales and killer whales, have very sharp teeth.

Baleen whale: A whale with a long beard. In fact, these long beards are horned teeth that grow in the mouth and are used to filter water and catch shrimps and other small animals eaten by whales. These teeth replace teeth.

Whale species

Whale species: fake killer whales, killer whales, humpback whales, melon whales, Pacific dolphins, sperm whales and blue whales.

② killer whale

Black whale, a national second-class protected wild animal, is on the verge of extinction and is a whale all over the world.

Black whales are also called evil whales and mutual halberds. Their English names are killer whales. Because it especially likes the fat of fin whales, Norwegians call them "oil thieves". Black whales are famous for their strong physique and fierce temperament.

How many kinds of whales are there? What is the difference? name

There are more than 80 kinds of whales, they are black right whale (true whale), southern right whale, arctic right whale (bowback whale), small right whale, gray whale, blue whale, razor whale, minke whale (minke whale), humpback whale, winged whale, fin whale, great fin whale (minke whale) and Brucella. Bottlenose dolphins, Amazon white dolphins, killer whales, killer whales, Chinese white dolphins, black whales, big-nosed giant whales, long-legged giant whales, short-legged giant whales, melon whales, Arctic killer whales, fake killer whales, Jurassic killer whales, finless porpoises, narwhals, white whales, Brandt's beaked whales, small sperm whales, Japanese sperm whales and porpoises. Extinct), yoke-toothed whale (extinct), hard-toothed whale (extinct), Cynthia whale (Jiken whale), Baki whale (Pakistani ancient whale), soste beaked whale, Abbebe beaked whale, Shane beaked whale, gray whale, Mobidick, Yangtze finless porpoise, East Asian finless porpoise, Indian Ocean finless porpoise, striped dolphin, beaked dolphin and spotted dolphin. Hope to adopt!

What kinds of whales are there?

Baleen whales include blue whales, fin whales, blackboard whales, fin whales, giant arm whales and right whales, humpback whales, white whales, gray whales and so on.

Toothed whales include sperm whales, killer whales, narwhals, dolphins and porpoises.

Two kinds: toothed whales, baleen whales and killer whales.

Toothed whales are common in the following categories:

Black whale (killer whale) small killer whale fake killer whale sperm whale small sperm whale

Gnome sperm whale narwhal northern bottlenose southern bottlenose whale

Long-legged giant whale short-legged giant whale North Sea beaked whale Pacific beaked whale Atlantic beaked whale

European beaked whale, early beaked whale, Corinthian beaked whale, bell beaked whale, long-toothed beaked whale.

Southern beaked whale Peru beaked whale Japan beaked whale Xie beaked whale goose beaked whale

Melon whale ...

What kinds of whales are there?

Black whale:

Black whale, size: 2. 1-2.4m at birth, 8.5 (female) -9.8m (male) in adulthood, and weighing 7500- 1 10,000 kg.

Morphological characteristics: the dorsal fin is obviously tall (female 0.9 m sickle, male 1.8 m triangle), and the kiss is blunt and short, which is not obvious. The pectoral fin is large and oval, and the male body length can often reach two meters. The contrast between black and white is one of the most recognizable features. It is mainly black, but it is white under the caudal fin of the eyes, on both sides of the genitals and on the abdomen. There are gray spots on the back of dorsal fin. There are 10- 12 jaws on both sides, which are large and curved inward.

Natural History: According to textual research, there are two kinds of killer whales on the east coast of the North Pacific from Washington State to Alaska, one is resident and the other is transitional. Their ecology, body color and appearance are different. Residents near the US-Canada border mainly eat fish, while transitional people eat marine mammals. Its social structure is very stable, and it is the most stable person except human beings. Individuals can stay in the birth group all their lives. There are males and females, young whales and so on. Each group has its own dialect, which can be recognized. Each group can have 1-55 whales. Generally, the resident group is larger than the transitional group.

Distribution: In the world, there are some records of entering Danshui River, but most of them are found in the coastal waters of cold water areas.

Confusion: This species is large, with special black-and-white patterns, and easy to identify, but in the distance, a group of killer whales without towering dorsal fins of male individuals may be similar to patterned dolphins and pseudo-killer whales.

Grey whale:

Gray whale is considered as the oldest whale in the world. It has existed on the earth for millions of years and feeds on baleen whales, so it belongs to the baleen whale family.

Morphological characteristics: Adult gray whales have an average body length of 12- 15m, an average weight of 30-40 metric tons, a blubber thickness of 15-25cm, a V-shaped head, a slightly arched head and a mottled gray body with many barnacles and whale fins. The pectoral fin is small, paddle-shaped and sharp at the end.

Natural history: every year, gray whales migrate northward to the polar feeding area in April-165438+10, and migrate southward to the breeding area in June-February-April, mainly living in shallow waters or lagoons; Adult whales reach sexual maturity at about 5- 1 1 year. After mating in the breeding area, the pregnant female whale will return to the breeding area to give birth to a single gray whale after 12- 13 months of pregnancy. The peak breeding season is February-March, and the newborn whales are dark gray with no barnacles or whales. At birth, he weighed 500- 1000 Jin and was about 4-5 meters long. Because the fat content in the mother's milk is 55%, the young whale grows very fast at birth. According to the feeding condition, the young whale can grow half an inch (about1.5cm) every day and gain 25-50kg. The lactation period of gray whales is about 9 months.

Behavior: Gray whales swim slowly, about 4-9 km/h, but they have very active behaviors, such as floating peep: Gray whales often stick their heads out of the water vertically and peep around for about 30 seconds. It is generally believed that gray whales use this action to watch curious things. When in shallow water, gray whales simply put their tail fins on the bottom of the sea.

Whale tail beating waves: Gray whales raise their tails and beat the water, which is a social behavior. Male whales do the same thing when courting. Jump and surf: the gray whale will jump, spin and fall back into the water when it is about 3/4 away from the water, and splash a lot when it enters the water; Gray whales will do this action repeatedly in their living environment, usually jumping 2-3 times in a row, but there has been a record of jumping 20 times in a row.

Gray whales like surfing in shallow waters, sometimes swimming sideways on the sea, which is very leisurely; In deep diving, the whale's tail will be raised, but not in shallow swimming. Before diving for a long time, it will first surface 15-30 seconds, and spray continuously for 3-6 times. When diving, the jet column can reach 3-4.5 meters, and its shape is heart-shaped or V-shaped. The main food they eat is benthic amphipods. Gray whales will sweep the bottom of the sea with the right side of their heads and bodies (some will use the left side), sweep up the benthic crustaceans deposited on the bottom of the sea and suck them away, and then use their tongues to filter out water and sludge from baleen whales, so the right baleen whales of gray whales are shorter and more seriously damaged.

Distribution and migration: Gray whales were originally distributed in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, but in the North Atlantic, they were found in 17 and 18 due to human whaling. ......

What kinds of whales are there?

Baleen whales, toothless, bearded whales and two nostrils, are gentle in temperament and generally feed on microorganisms and small fish and shrimp; Toothed whales have sharp teeth and no baleen, and usually have two nostrils. There are sperm whales, narwhals, killer whales and other species, with fierce temperament and generally carnivorous.

What kinds of whales are there?

Whales are divided into two categories: toothed whales and baleen whales. Baleen whales, toothless, have baleen whales and two nostrils, such as baleen whales, blue whales, humpback whales and gray whales. Toothed whales have teeth, no baleen whales, only one nostril, such as sperm whales, narwhals, killer whales and so on. Whales never get lost when swimming in the sea because they have a special ability. There are more than 1 100 million tiny cells in their brains, which can send out ultrasonic waves and receive them to set the direction. They can also use this ultrasonic wave to inform other whales in time to help or escape together in times of crisis. This kind of ultrasonic wave can help them swim in the sea without getting lost, and can also call for help in time. The various uses of whales are very beneficial to mankind. Now a large number of whales die, leading to the extinction of mankind. We should protect whales and let them continue to live and reproduce. Let people make more advanced instruments according to their interests. Whales are friends of human beings.

What kinds of whales are there?

Species of whales: As far as the whole marine mammals are concerned, whales have the most species and the largest number. Whales can be divided into two categories: one is called baleen whales, which have no teeth in their mouths and only beards; The other is called toothed whale, which keeps its teeth in its mouth when it is not needed. Although there are not many kinds of baleen whales, they are huge and become the most important hunting targets for human beings. There are blue whales with huge bodies, right whales with slow movements and generally large heads, humpback whales with short arms and funny movements, minke whales with small noses and so on. There are many kinds of toothed whales. Except for sperm whales, others are generally small, such as killer whales. Although the whale's body varies in length and thickness, it is always streamlined and looks like a fish, so people call it a whale. However, whales are animals. It also like people, constantly surfaced to breathe air. Sometimes on the sea, we can see the white fog columns ejected by whales when they exhale, some of which are as high as ten meters, like fountains, which are very spectacular. But now there are only 50 blue whales. There are 5000 whales on the earth, and many species have become extinct.

Fake killer whale

Pseudokiller whales belong to cetaceans, with Latin scientific name Pseudorca crassidens and English name False killer whale.

It looks like a killer whale, smaller, about 5 meters long and weighs about 665 kilograms. The whole body color is black. The head is round and beakless, and the upper jaw protrudes slightly from the lower jaw. The dorsal fin is smaller than the killer whale, and the posterior edge is concave, which is located slightly in front of the middle of the body. The flippers are very sharp, and the length is about110 of the body length. The width of caudal fin is about 65438+ 0/5 of body length.

I like to live in groups, and my companions are very attached, so I seldom go out alone. Mainly eat squid, but also eat hairtail, small shark, mackerel, black snapper, bass and bamboo pod fish. Real dolphins and bottlenose dolphins are often used for bait. Swimming is slow and I don't like jumping out of the water. You can breed all the year round, and one child gives birth to one child. The lactation period is from 10 to 12 months, and a baby is born at the age of two to three.

It is distributed in all the oceans except the Arctic Ocean, and is found in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, the South China Sea and the waters of Taiwan Province Province, China. It has important scientific research and ornamental value, and is often raised and trained by aquariums as our ornamental animals.

killer whale

Black whale, a national second-class endangered wild animal, is a whale that exists all over the world.

Black whales are also called killer whales and killer whales. Their English names are killer whales. Because it especially likes the fat of fin whales, Norwegians call them "oil thieves". Black whales are famous for their strong physique and fierce temperament, and are called "tyrants among whales". Strange to say, killer whales are fierce in natural waters, but after being trained in artificial breeding environment, they become very docile and can perform various skills according to people's instructions (such as diving, heading, dancing to music in the water, etc.). ) Since the late 1960s, they have become famous as "Aquarium Stars" in Ocean Parks and Water Hotels. At the same time, specially trained killer whales can also salvage torpedoes and rockets that sink into the seabed according to human instructions.

The most striking thing about killer whales is that they are distributed all over the world, and the cold north and south poles are their tourist attractions. They can not only live in hot water near the equator, but also roam freely in the polar ice sea that is frozen and cold all year round. No matter in the hot equator or in the cold sea water of the North and South poles, their body temperatures remain constant at 36℃. Why? The key is that their bodies have a special device for regulating body temperature-heat exchange system. Black whales rely on this "device" to keep their body temperature constant in the sea at different temperatures.

As we all know, terrestrial mammals rely on the fur on their bodies to keep their body temperature constant. Black whales are mammals that live in the ocean. The speed of heat dissipation in water is 2.5 times that in air, which means that it generates more heat in the body.

Black whales are smooth and hairless, with a thick layer of fat under their skin. Fat plays a role in isolating cold erosion. However, its forelimbs, high dorsal fin and caudal fin have no fat layer, and some vascular networks pass through these parts to form a heat exchange system. These parts are in contact with water and have no fat layer, so they are usually as high as the surrounding water temperature and relatively cold. The blood in killer whales will get cold when they flow through these places. When the blood in these parts leaves the forelimbs, dorsal fins and caudal fins through veins, it will be heated by the heat of arterial blood flowing from the heart to these parts. The advantage of this method is that ......

What kinds of whales are there? What are the characteristics?

blue whale

Also known as the long-tailed whale, it is 30 meters long, with an average weight of 150 tons and the largest 190 tons. Its tongue has 3 ~ 4 tons, which is enough to fill a Jiefang truck. Its body is blue-gray or yellow-brown, because its skin is covered with a yellow-brown diatom membrane. In fact, its real color is black. The blue whale is huge and fat, and it is one of the first targets to be killed. So their number is declining, and the existing number is only 200,000.

finback

It is 25 meters long and weighs about 50 tons. Its back is black, its abdomen is white and its side is light gray. Its posture is similar to that of the blue whale, and it is also the one with the largest killing amount, resulting in its number dropping from 400,000 to 80,000.

An arm whale

It is about 10 meter long and weighs 7 tons. It is the smallest baleen whale, with a population of about 200,000.

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right whale

It is18m long and weighs about 20 tons. It is a sub-Antarctic species with a slender body, a black back and a gray abdomen.

Giant arm whale

Also known as humpback whale, it is about 15 meters long and weighs 25 tons. Its back is black, other parts are gray, its pectoral fins are very long, like a pair of giant arms, and its body is short and hunched, hence its name. Its existing number is very small, and it has become a rare species in Antarctic waters.

sperm whale

Also known as true crustacean whale, it has a body length of 18 ~ 25m, a weight of 20 ~ 25t, and a maximum of 60t. It is the largest toothed whale. Its body color is grayish yellow, and its head is particularly large and wedge-shaped, accounting for 1/3 of its body length. It is thick and short, slow and clumsy, and easy to kill. The existing inventory decreased from 850,000 to 430,000.

killer whale

Also known as killer whale, it is 8 ~ 10 meters long and weighs several tons. Its back is black, its abdomen is gray, its dorsal fin is bent as long as 1 m, its mouth is slender, its teeth are sharp, its temperament is fierce, and it is good at attacking prey. It is the enemy of penguins and seals. Sometimes it attacks the same kind of baleen whales or sperm whales, and it is the overlord of the ocean.

Narwhal.-Narwhal

Seen from a distance, the narwhal elephant has a horn on its head, hence its name. The narwhal's horn is actually a huge tooth. Judging from its embryonic development, the narwhal has 16 teeth, but most of them degenerate and disappear at birth, leaving only two teeth in the upper jaw. The female whale's teeth are hidden in the upper jaw for life, and the male whale has only one on the left side, which breaks through the upper lip and protrudes forward, with a length of 2 ~ 3 meters, which is quite similar to the spear in Don Quixote's hand. The one on the right is also hidden. But in rare cases, its two long teeth also protrude forward at the same time, which makes it a narwhal.

What's the use of narwhal horns? Some scientists believe that narwhals can use their horns to dig out sediments on the seabed and help find food. Others believe that narwhals live in the cold waters of the Arctic and can break the ice and breathe with their teeth like seals. But these explanations are hard to justify. Other biologists believe that narwhals' tusks are only secondary sexual characteristics. Just like us, men also have thick beards. At the same time, this "horn" can be used as a weapon for defense and attack, especially during the breeding period. In order to compete for reproductive rights, male whales will have a thrilling fight with their teeth. The longer their teeth are, the stronger their physique will be, the greater their advantages will be, and it will be easier for them to conquer their competitors and achieve the goal of dominating the country, thus enjoying the beauty of the harem alone. But these are just guesses.

Narwhals are easier to catch because they like to stay on the water for a long time and play. But the meat of narwhal is not very delicious, and it is not suitable for Eskimos' taste, so Eskimos don't care much about narwhal. Later, because westerners mistook the narwhal for the legendary unicorn and thought that its horn could cure all diseases, the price was more expensive than gold, which led to the wanton killing of narwhal.

Right whales spew out double fountains.

Whaling is the core of Eskimo culture. The history of Eskimos can not be separated from whaling, or they only rely on whales to survive in Arctic waters. Whaling mentioned by Eskimos mainly refers to bowhead whales, that is, Arctic right whales.

Arctic right whales have a spindle-shaped body and a large head, which can account for more than 1/4 of their body length. Whale whiskers are slender and elastic, and the neck is not obvious. The average body length of adult right whales is 15 ~ 18 m, and that of elderly right whales can reach 2 1 m. Whenever the right whale floats to the surface of the sea, almost half of its back is out of the water, and its back is very wide, hence the name. ......