Wenyou Tianxia (4 17) Yuanshangdu Site

? Genghis Khan and his descendants made three expeditions to the west, and Mongolian fighters were invincible, eventually establishing a great Mongolia across Europe and Asia. 1259, Monge Khan died unexpectedly while attacking Chongqing Fishing City. His brother Kublai Khan won the Khan position in the second year, and his capital was Kaiping City, which was renamed Shangdu. 1267, Kublai Khan moved the capital to Beijing, but every summer he still led Wenwu Baiguan back to Shangdu for the summer. In 2002, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region began to repair the site and turned it into a tourist attraction on 20 1 1.

? Yuanshangdu is located in Shangdu Town, Zhenglan Banner, Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, on the Jinlianchuan Grassland beside the Lightning River. After protective excavation, the site basically reproduces the outline of the capital city of that year, and consists of Miyagi, Imperial City, Outer City, Guanxiang, temples, tombs, water conservancy projects and other relics. Miyagi, the core of the Yuan Dynasty, is the place where Kublai Khan lived and discussed politics. It is 570 meters wide from east to west and 620 meters long from north to south. There are more than 30 buildings in it, such as Da 'an Pavilion, Muqing Pavilion, Crystal Pavilion, Xiangdian Pavilion, Wenxuan Pavilion and Renchun Pavilion.

? Outside the Palace is the Imperial City, with an area of about 1.64 square kilometers. There are seven main streets with "four horizontals and three verticals", among which there are many temples and cultural facilities, such as Huayan Temple, Daganyuan, Confucius Temple and Hanlin Academy in Dalongguang. Outside the imperial city is a square city with a side length of more than 2000 meters. There are gardens, royal gardens, industrial workshops and commercial areas, and people can imagine its prosperity and prosperity in those days. There are more than 6000 meters of flood control facilities outside the city, such as Tiezan Canal and the tombs of nobles and civilians, which together form a fully functional ancient city wall.

? By the Yuan Dynasty, the capital basically kept its original appearance when it was deserted, and the magnificent palaces and temples had long since disappeared, only eye-catching signboards were erected. The tall city wall also collapsed into a pile of rubble, but through the wide wall base, we can still guess its unbreakable majestic posture. Lonely stone mills and millstones should be the relics of modern residents, and the winding wooden plank road is a sightseeing trail built only in recent years. The excavated tombs are obviously graded. Noble tombs are not only large in scale, but also contain precious cultural relics, while civilian cemeteries are simple and few treasures are unearthed.

Wandering in the ruins of Shangdu in Yuan Dynasty, there is a strong contrast between history and reality. On the one hand, it is a clean and modern tourist center, on the other hand, it is a broken deep pit column base, on the other hand, it is a finely carved statue of Mongolian heroes, and on the other hand, it is scattered bricks and tiles. Through the barren city wall, people seem to see the prestige of the Mongolian legion at its peak, as if they also saw the end of the road at the peak of the Yuan Dynasty, with one foot in heaven and one foot in hell, and there are many places worth pondering. For ordinary tourists, desolation seems to be a kind of beauty, the beauty lies in the vicissitudes of life that pervades the ruins, and the beauty lies in the cultural symbols that condense underground.

? Cities have ups and downs, and life has a reputation, but they are just a ripple in the long river of time. Why struggle, why be stubborn. Dust to dust, soil to soil, everything is in a fixed cycle, we are just collectors of the world. Pull a breeze into the bag and you can fly like a fairy; Moving a golden mountain into the yard will make you a miser who can't sleep well. The resplendent capital is doomed to ashes, and Mazhuang's powerful yuan empire can't flourish for a hundred years. The fallen yuan seems to remind people: don't be crazy when you succeed, and don't panic when you are frustrated. Keep calm and write poems with simple tea and light rice.

? 2022.6.2 1