How to develop western tourism resources?

How to develop western tourism resources? The problems existing in northwest tourism: 1. 1 weak foundation, slow growth and great fluctuation. The development of tourism in northwest China started late, with poor foundation and relatively low economic benefits. Judging from the ranking of national tourism foreign exchange income, except Shaanxi, Xinjiang ranks only 2 1, while Ningxia, Qinghai and Gansu rank the bottom three. Moreover, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang are the only three provinces with negative growth in tourism foreign exchange income. 1.2 has poor location conditions and scattered distribution of tourism resources. Northwest China is located inland, and its location condition is not as good as that of eastern and central China. The high cost of tourist transportation and long travel time make most tourists stop. For many years, four provinces and regions except Shaanxi have been the "cold lines" of domestic tourism. Although the tourism resources in Northwest China are abundant, diverse, high-grade and unique, the total abundance of tourism resources in Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Qinghai ranks 17, 22, 29 and 30 among 30 provinces and cities in China, except Shaanxi. There are only Xinjiang and Qinghai 1 national key scenic spots, with an average of1170,000 square kilometers. The scenic spots are too scattered to form a scale, resulting in "agglomeration effect" in the development and utilization, which leads to poor tourism accessibility and reduces the advantages of tourism resources in the development and utilization. 1.3 The level of tourism resources development is low, and the level of tourism facilities and services is poor. Due to the backward economy and culture in Northwest China, the lack of funds, the late start of tourism and people's weak concept of commodity economy, there are obvious deficiencies in scenic spot construction, tourism product development, tourism facilities construction and service level. Mainly manifested in the low degree of development of tourist attractions, most of which are at the lowest level of sightseeing; Tourism products are few in quantity and variety; The ecological environment of the scenic spot is seriously damaged, and the cultural taste of the artificial landscape is low; The number of tourist facilities is insufficient and the grade is not high. 1.4 tourism promotion is poor, and the tourism image in China is uncertain. Most of the tourism resources in northwest China are primitive, peculiar, mysterious and distinctive, among which customs, scenery, religion, imperial tombs, scientific research, exploration and sports resources are the main types. In particular, most natural tourist landscapes are still in the primitive state, with clean environment and high quality. There are a large number of cultural tourism landscapes, which are mysterious and profound, and most of them are little known. The new forms of tourism are rich and varied. As far as the' 99 Eco-environment Tour is concerned, there are as many as 50 projects in the northwest. Due to poor tourism promotion, most tourists have the impression that the northwest region is desolate, poor, mysterious and far away. Although various provinces and regions have also carried out tourism image design, due to insufficient publicity, it has not effectively changed the image in the eyes of tourists. At the same time, due to the lack of overall regional development planning, the northwest region has not formed an overall image in the country and cannot give full play to the overall advantages of tourism resources. 1.5 The planning of tourist routes is unreasonable. Northwest China has a vast territory and scattered tourist landscapes, and the design of tourist routes in various provinces and regions does not conform to that in Northwest China. Most tourists have no corresponding tour route guidance, and the self-designed tour routes are mainly concentrated in Xi 'an, Dunhuang, Urumqi and other places, which do not fully appreciate the charm of northwest tourism resources, resulting in a lot of travel expenses and time waste for tourists. 2 Opportunities for Tourism Development in Northwest China 2.121Prospects for Tourism Development in China in the 20th Century In recent years, tourism in China has developed rapidly. According to the prediction of relevant experts, by the year 2000, the total tourism revenue in China will reach 360 billion yuan, of which the foreign exchange income from international tourism will reach1400 million dollars, and by 20 10, the total tourism revenue in China will reach10.4 trillion yuan, of which the foreign exchange income from international tourism will reach. The World Tourism Organization predicts that China will become the world's largest tourist destination country and the fourth largest tourist source country in 2020. 2.2 Opportunities for domestic tourism development The development of tourism depends on three aspects: ① Residents' income reaches a certain level; ② leisure time increases; ③ The demand for tourism is increasing. Globally, tourism is the third largest consumption preference after food and housing. According to international experience, if the per capita gdp reaches US$ 400, citizens will generally have the motivation to travel. After 1985, the per capita income of China gradually exceeded this figure, and the per capita gdp of 1998 reached more than 700 US dollars, and the per capita gdp of urban population reached more than 100 US dollars. Especially in China, with the increase of holidays and citizens' leisure time, tourism has become a consumption fashion of citizens, and mass tourism in China has entered the growth period from the initial stage. The tourism market in the southeast coast and economically developed areas is expanding, and the tourism development potential in the northwest region is huge. 2.3 Policy Opportunities for the Development of the Western Region With the country's vigorous development of the western region, the China government actively encourages investment in this region, and the central and western regions have introduced many preferential policies with great strength, long duration and wide coverage to attract foreign investment to develop tourism. At present, most provinces and regions in the west have adopted the government-led tourism development strategy, the comprehensive environment has been continuously improved, and the tourism industry in the northwest region will also show an accelerated development trend. 2.4 Development Opportunities under the Future Tourism Trend 2 1 century will be an era of marketization, technicalization, ecologicalization, consumption and individualization. In the 2 1 century, the demand for high-quality tourism products will be more intense, and the competition in the product market will be more reflected in the competition of national cultural connotation. For Northwest China: ① China's tourism products will still have the most international competitiveness in the next century. There are many kinds of tourism products in northwest China, and the cultural relics, landscapes and ethnic customs are unique and rich, which is one of the long-term advantages of tourism products in northwest China. ② Vacation products will achieve certain development. The improvement of living standards and the increase of leisure time have created conditions for the development of popular holiday products. Family vacation, suburban vacation, rural vacation, weekend vacation, holiday vacation and other holiday products will have a broad market, and the northwest region has the advantage of establishing holiday products with regional and ethnic characteristics in national, provincial and international holiday markets. ③ Characteristic products and eco-tourism products will develop rapidly. It is reported that during the National Day, adventure, sports and other new forms of tourism have become new hot spots in tourism. Northwest China has rich and unique resources for developing characteristic tourism and eco-tourism. Vigorously advocating and promoting the development of characteristic tourism and eco-tourism products conforms to the international trend and China's national policy of environmental protection, and is conducive to the sustainable development of tourism. 3. Northwest Tourism Development Strategy 3. 1 The unique natural conditions, majestic and beautiful natural landscapes, tall and fantastic landforms, colorful cultural landscapes and colorful folk customs make northwest tourism resources have the overall characteristics of large capacity, diversity, uniqueness and monopoly, and the novelty, mystery, roughness and primitiveness contained in northwest tourism resources are its remarkable characteristics. Moreover, a number of world-class and national-level tourist attractions have been built in the northwest. 3.2 Determining a Reasonable Tourism "Image" In today's fierce competition in the tourism market, the shaping of "image" has become the key for tourism destinations to occupy the commanding heights of the market. Relevant research shows that "image" is one of the most critical factors to attract tourists, and "image" makes tourists have a desire to travel. Therefore, it is of great significance to determine a reasonable tourism image for the tourism development in northwest China. There are similarities and differences in the tourism resources of northwest provinces, which provides favorable conditions for determining the tourism image of each province and the overall tourism image of northwest China. For example, Ningxia's tourism image is positioned as: colorful beyond the Great Wall, while Xi's positioning is ancient capital tourism. The overall tourism image of northwest China needs to be well studied and positioned. 3.3 Well-planned tourist routes Well-planned tourist routes are an important basis for developing tourism in Northwest China. It is very important to deal with the relationship between tourist routes in provinces and autonomous regions and northwest, large-scale tourist routes and small and medium-sized tourist routes, overseas tourist routes and domestic tourist routes, group tourist routes and a large number of individual tourist routes. For the northwest region, the large-scale and long-term tourism market, especially the international tourism market, is the focus of its development, and special attention should be paid to the needs of tourists in this part when planning tourist routes. The planned tourist routes should be made public and actively publicized to make them a positive factor in the development of tourism. 3.4 Determine the reasonable direction of resource development, strengthen the development of tourism fine products, open up new markets, determine key tourism development zones, make a high starting point, high ideas and high-level planning, give full play to the leading role of the state and local governments, make full use of the market mechanism to attract investment, and gradually develop 2 1 century tourism products; With the advantages of tourism resources and latecomer, it has become a new base for China's tourism development in the 2 1 century. Due to the scattered scenic spots in northwest China, the advantages of developing large-scale comprehensive tourism projects are not obvious. However, according to the characteristics of outstanding personality, distinctive features and rich heterogeneous cultural atmosphere of local tourism resources, some special and participatory tourism activities with moderate scale can be organized to form some patented products and enhance the monopoly of the tourism market. The ethnic customs of the Northwest Silk Road, the scientific research and exploration in the alpine ice and snow desert, and the folk culture festival are all potential tourism development markets. In particular, the emerging exploration, sports, fitness, eco-tourism and characteristic tourism are the most suitable and potential tourism projects in northwest China. In terms of tourism market development, we should strengthen the development of old tourist destinations such as Japan and actively explore new tourism markets and forms: Xinjiang, Ningxia and Qinghai can focus on developing the Middle East market and the Muslim market in Southeast Asia. 3.5 Strengthen tourism promotion, mainly by actively promoting sales, changing promotion methods and technical means, strengthening exchanges with tourism agencies in major tourist destinations, and reshaping the tourism image of Northwest China in the eyes of domestic and foreign tourists, so as to enhance its northwest tourism aspirations in tourism decision-making. We should correctly understand the influence of tourism propaganda on the life cycle activities of tourist destinations and promote their longevity with distinctive tourism propaganda. For example, China's "Silk Road" has always been one of the main choices for Japanese tourists, but it has gradually entered a trough in recent years. This year, Japanese tourists' interest in the Silk Road has greatly increased due to a large number of TV publicity and roving exhibitions of cultural relics in Japan. According to the forecast of the International Tourism Bureau, the Silk Road tourism products will set off a climax in the Japanese market. 3.6 Strengthen tourism management, actively cooperate with and unite with industry management inside and outside the region, standardize market order, and create a good tourism environment for tourists. Establish the concept of "big market, big industry and big tourism", actively strengthen cooperation and alliance with the outside world, take advantage of the preferential policies of the state for the western region, actively attract foreign businessmen to develop tourism infrastructure, strengthen cooperation with developed domestic tourism provinces, and form competition, cooperation and division of labor with neighboring provinces in tourism activities. 3.7 Strengthen infrastructure construction and improve traffic conditions. Due to the low level of economic development and limited financial resources in northwest China, various channels should be adopted to absorb funds, increase investment, make good use of poverty alleviation funds and increase investment in tourism infrastructure construction. Choose mature cities to open international and domestic air ports, develop a number of transportation hub cities such as Xi and Urumqi into international aviation hubs, improve the tourism traffic structure, change the one-way flow of tourists into circular operation, reduce the tourism cost of tourists and enhance the competitiveness of the tourism market. 4 Protection of Northwest Tourism Resources 4. 1 Problems in Northwest Tourism Resources Development 4. 1. 1 Weak awareness of tourism resources protection. Many places in the northwest pay more attention to the development of tourism resources and immediate economic benefits, while ignoring the protection of resources. The outstanding problems are: ① "development" overrides protection; (2) There is a serious shortage of sanitation facilities and garbage disposal stations; (8) The public is indifferent to the protection of scenic resources and ecological environment; ④ Managers lack corresponding control measures for scenic spots in the tourist season, which seriously exceeds the ecological load. 4. 1.2 developing and utilizing the northwest region lacking the overall concept When planning scenic spots, due to the division of geographical and administrative factors, the idea of quick success and instant benefit is cherished, which makes the planning lack of organic system configuration, self-service and self-circulation. 4. 1.3 improper development and utilization of tourism resources, extensive development of tourism resources, poor optimization and poor overall benefits. Due to some local governments' insufficient understanding of the sustainable development of tourism, the products developed are single in function, lacking in connotation and ineffective in optimizing the combination, which leads to disorderly development and poor overall benefits. 4.2 In order to survive and develop, we must protect tourism resources. From the above analysis, we can see that there are still many problems in the development of tourism resources in northwest China, such as predatory development and extensive development. In the long run, the rich advantages of northwest tourism resources will be lost, and northwest tourism will be defeated in the western development. Therefore, we must strengthen the protection of tourism resources in northwest China. The problem of development and protection is essentially a problem of input and output, and it is also a problem of long-term and short-term benefits. If solved well, the northwest tourism industry can not only try its hand in the development of the northwest, but also contribute to the economic development of the northwest for a long time to come. If it is not solved well, it will make northwest tourism short-lived and difficult to last. Some people think that vigorously developing tourism resources will inevitably cause damage to the natural environment and other tourism resources, and it will cost them. This is a short-sighted behavior. Although there is bound to be damage as long as there is development, this damage must be limited to a minimum, and it must be continuously remedied and restored in the course of development. In order to minimize the loss of resources, we must first explore the new concept of the current world economy. In today's world, the treatment of development has developed from simple industrialization and science and technology to a brand-new "people-oriented" concept of sustainable development. Since 1970s, the idea of sustainable development has sprouted in western society. It originated from mankind's reflection on the serious environmental problems caused by the crazy mining, excavation and logging in the past and the reckless development of industry and modernization, and has become the knowledge of the world. If the environment deteriorates further, it will seriously limit and threaten the survival and development of mankind. The concept of sustainable development was first put forward by ecologists, and then it was defined from social, economic and scientific attributes. ? "Meet the needs of contemporary people, while not damaging the development of future generations' ability to meet their needs". From the perspective of social development, it advocates fair distribution to meet the basic needs of contemporary and future generations; From the perspective of economics, it advocates the sustainable economic growth on the basis of protecting the natural system of the earth; As far as the ecological environment is concerned, it advocates that human beings should live in harmony with human nature and effectively protect the natural environment on which human beings depend. The concept of sustainable development is a challenge to the traditional development model and a new development concept established to seek a new development model. We use the concept of sustainable development to guide the development of tourism. It can be seen that the sustainable development of tourism is the common sense of the world tourism industry and the only way to develop tourism resources in China and Northwest China. We can understand and treat the sustainable development of tourism from the following aspects. 4.2. 1 We must treat the sustainable development of tourism with a systematic concept. The whole earth where human beings live is a huge organic complex system, which is composed of many factors such as nature, society, economy and culture. They are interrelated and mutually restricted. Weakening or strengthening the function of any one aspect will affect other parts and affect the development process. Tourism is an integral part of the social system, which is independent of other parts of the system, self-contained (subsystem) and interdependent. To promote the sustainable development of tourism, we must consider the role of tourism in the development of the earth system and whether it matches the related subsystems in function. Any advanced development beyond objective conditions and lagging practices that artificially restrict the development of tourism will hinder the realization of sustainable development of tourism. 4.2.2 We must treat the sustainable development of tourism with a fair concept. The concept of equality of sustainable development advocates mutual respect and equality between people, nations, countries, big countries and small countries, strong countries and weak countries. First, the fair distribution and development of this generation, which is horizontal; The second is intergenerational equity, which allows future generations to enjoy the right to use natural resources fairly, which is vertical. 4.2.3 The sustainable development of tourism must be viewed from the perspective of resources. Take different countermeasures for resources with different attributes. For non-renewable resources, it is necessary to improve the use efficiency, find alternative resources, and delay their exhaustion as much as possible; The utilization of renewable resources should be limited to the carrying capacity of reproduction. For the tourism industry, it is also necessary to consider the issue of tourism environmental capacity. According to the different categories and attributes of tourism resources, we should coordinate the relationship between resource development and protection and human tourism demand, scientifically and rationally plan, develop and protect precious tourism resources, maximize their due value, extend their service life as much as possible, and promote the sustainable utilization of tourism resources. 4.2.4 The sustainable development of tourism must be viewed with the concept of coordination. The concept of coordination of sustainable development holds that the coordinated development of ecology, economy and society is the premise of sustainable development, and it is impossible to achieve sustainable development without coordinated development. To realize the sustainable development of tourism, we should not only consider the level of tourism and economic and social development, but also consider the carrying capacity of ecological environment to the scale and grade of tourism development. At the same time, analyze and synthesize the basic conditions such as the structure, grade, source market and tourism-related industries of the tourism industry, maintain a moderate development scale, and promote the coordinated, stable, healthy and sustainable development of the tourism industry. The concept of sustainable development emphasizes fairness (space-time) and systematicness, which is the general trend of world economic development at present and the criterion that should be followed in the development of tourism resources in northwest China. Based on this idea, we can't ignore protection in the process of tourism resources development and tourism construction, that is to say, to achieve sustainable development of tourism, we must vigorously protect tourism resources. At the same time, this idea also found the best way for us to solve the contradiction between development and protection.