The relationship between tourism and culture?

This is a good model essay, please refer to it.

Tourism is a vivid embodiment of human understanding, transforming and controlling nature. It is of special significance to clarify the relationship between tourism and culture, comprehensively strengthen the construction and quality of tourism culture, enhance market viability and competitiveness, and promote the faster and better development of tourism.

First, the cultural attributes of tourism

Tourism is essentially a cultural activity. Tourism consumption activities and tourism management activities have strong cultural characteristics. Only by excavating the cultural connotation can we have the charm of attracting tourists. As Shangqing Sun pointed out, "tourism is an economic and cultural industry that has developed to a certain stage and a cultural and economic industry that has developed to a mature stage." This sentence thoroughly clarifies the close relationship between tourism and culture.

1. The cultural essence of tourism subject

Tourism, as a cross-time consumption activity, is the result of economic development, but whether a person can become a tourist needs internal motivation, as Mozi, a pre-Qin thinker, said, "Always have enough to eat and then seek beauty; Clothes must always keep warm, and then seek beauty; Live in peace and then seek happiness. " After the basic survival needs are met, with the increase of income, human beings will inevitably pursue higher material enjoyment and spiritual enjoyment. However, tourism activities are the result of cultural drive. From the perspective of historical development, although economic development provides a material basis for social progress, the most fundamental thing in social development is the revolution of social culture and ideas. The prosperity of world-wide tourism activities after World War II is the result of the global economic recovery and prosperity objectively, and the change of cultural concepts at a deeper level.

2. The cultural connotation of the tourist object

According to the basic causes and attributes of tourism resources, tourism resources can be divided into two categories: natural resources and human resources. Humanistic tourism resources, whether tangible cultural relics or intangible ethnic customs and social customs, belong to the cultural category. The natural landscape composed of various natural environments, natural elements, natural substances and natural phenomena can only be transformed from potential tourism resources into realistic tourism resources through artificial development and utilization. Even natural beauty must be reflected and spread through appreciation, which is a cultural activity. Therefore, natural tourism resources are also cultural.

3. Cultural characteristics of tourism media

Tourists can be said to be cultural consumers who pursue spiritual enjoyment. Therefore, the core products of tourism can only be cultural products or products with high cultural content. Only by providing high-quality cultural products to consumers can tourism operators achieve the purpose of exchange and profit. Under the condition of market economy, the developers of tourism resources should not only understand the characteristics and functions of tourism resources themselves, but also understand the cultural characteristics pursued by tourists and develop cultural tourism products suitable for all kinds of tourism. The cultural characteristics of tourism also permeate the operation of various tourism departments, such as modern tourist hotels, which are not simply places to provide meals, but comprehensive places with functions of accommodation, socialization, entertainment and aesthetics. Therefore, an excellent hotel needs to constantly improve the cultural taste of restaurants, rooms, entertainment and other links, cultivate and improve the cultural quality of service personnel, and provide emotional and personalized cultural services.

Second, the tourism function of culture

The cultural nature of tourism is the concentrated expression of its industrial particularity. Culture is not only the material resource base of tourism, but also its spiritual power support.

1. The essence of culture determines the tourism function of culture.

As the crystallization of human labor and wisdom creation, culture runs through the whole process of human development and evolution, thus forming a variety of cultural types and their connotations in the world. These colorful cultural phenomena have three characteristics: first, culture is created by human beings, not natural things, but social phenomena, not natural phenomena. For example, the primitive natural objects such as famous mountains and rivers are not culture, but the gardens and landscapes produced by people with their own wisdom are a kind of culture, so that tourism products and culture can be integrated. Second, culture is created by human social activities, widely enjoyed by the society and has a strong popularity, thus providing the possibility for tourists to participate. Third, culture does not exist freely. It is reflected in the way people practice in society and in the material and spiritual products they create. For example, the Great Wall of Wan Li in China and the pyramids in Egypt embody culture, not in their external building materials, but mainly in their scientific and technological level, achievements and human aesthetic concepts, thus greatly expanding the cultural content of tourism.

2. The basic types of culture determine the existing forms of cultural tourism resources.

Broadly speaking, every culture has three elements: one is the material element of culture, that is, the material entity level of culture, which is generally called material culture. It is the material aspect of this cultural relic that provides us with a large number of cultural relics and historical sites for the development of tourism. Second, the behavioral elements of culture, that is, the level of cultural behavior, are generally called behavioral culture, and it is this cultural behavioral element that provides diversified folk customs for tourism. Thirdly, the psychological elements of culture, that is, the spiritual concept of culture, are generally called spiritual culture, mentality culture or conceptual culture, such as religious feelings and moral sentiments, which are all very attractive tourism resources.

From the classification of culture, it can be divided into different types according to different standards. From the perspective of tourism, it can be divided into subject culture, object culture and media culture; In terms of scope and time, it can be divided into foreign culture and local culture, historical culture and modern culture; The material carrier based on culture can be divided into mountain culture and water culture. All these are manifestations of cultural diversity. From the perspective of tourism development and construction, we should consider and explore the cultural connotation of various resources from different angles according to different cultural types, and create unique tourism products.

3. The basic characteristics of culture determine the basic characteristics of cultural tourism resources.

The regional characteristics of (1) culture. In the struggle with nature, due to the influence and restriction of its specific geographical conditions, human beings have formed a unique cultural connotation after a long evolution. In ancient China, there was a saying that "five miles have different winds and ten miles have different customs". People living in different natural conditions will have different structures, scopes and objects in their leisure and communication, thus forming a cultural form with strong regional characteristics, which will have many influences on various human behaviors, including tourism activities.

(2) the nationality of culture. Many nationalities in the world have their own cultural traditions, and it is this unique cultural tradition that distinguishes one nationality from others. Every nation lives in a specific environment. Different environments have created different production and life styles, formed different languages, characters, arts, morals, customs and habits, and formed different national cultures, all of which have become the potential for developing national tourism.

(3) the characteristics of the times of culture. In different historical development stages, the content and function of culture are different. According to its different characteristics of the times, it can be divided into many types. In China, people usually divide our history and culture into three stages: primitive culture, agricultural culture and modern culture, which respectively represent the characteristics of primitive society, agricultural society and industrial society. The diversity of the types and levels of human cultural evolution is the reason for the diversity of the world, and it is also the direct incentive for the emergence and development of tourism activities.

(4) Inherited characteristics of culture. In order to survive and reproduce, the older generation will always pass on their accumulated experience and skills in production and life to the next generation. People not only inherited tangible material heritage from the previous generation, but also inherited traditional values, thinking habits, emotional patterns and behavioral norms. After a subtle internalization process, it is deposited at the bottom of consciousness and subconscious, and culture can be preserved and passed on, thus accumulating profound historical and cultural resources.

(5) Characteristics of cultural variation. On the one hand, human beings inherit the cultural achievements created by predecessors, and at the same time make new cultural creations under the new historical conditions. On the other hand, cultural exchange also promotes cultural changes at a faster speed. In the modern society with advanced science and technology, the scope and frequency of cultural exchange are unprecedented, and human beings are dividing and merging their ideas almost all the time. This cultural variability provides rich cultural tourism resources for the development of tourism.

Third, new measures to enhance the taste of Hunan tourism culture

A prominent feature of the current tourism development is the increasingly fierce competition of tourism culture. Developing tourism and prospering economy with culture has become the general trend and main trend of world tourism development, and we must adapt to this situation.

1. Fully tap the cultural connotation and improve the cultural taste of tourism.

Hunan province has a profound cultural heritage of tourism resources and great potential for development and utilization. All parts of the province should conduct in-depth investigation and study, vigorously strengthen the collection, collation, development and utilization of tourism historical documents, and fully release the cultural potential contained in tourism resources; We should give full play to the wisdom of professionals in history, literature, architecture, arts and crafts, gardens, fashion design, music, calligraphy, painting, sculpture (plastic) and decoration. Fully rely on artistic and scientific means to artistically treat tourism resources, so that the cultural connotation of tourism resources can be vividly displayed; It is necessary to hold a series of tourism festivals or build a number of theme cultural parks to show the profound cultural connotation of Hunan; We should pay special attention to the planning of tourism culture, effectively solve the problems such as the unclear overall image of tourism, the low cultural level of tourism products, and the poor marketing strategy of tourism market culture, so as to really raise tourism to a new level.

2. Strengthen the understanding of the cultural needs of tourism consumers.

As a tourism operator, we must understand the cultural needs and cultural spirit characteristics of tourism consumers. For example, when foreign tourists come to China, they not only appreciate the beautiful mountains and rivers of China, splendid history and culture, and taste the delicious food of China, but also want to know about the social, economic and cultural development of China and the customs of the Chinese nation in production, life, faith and entertainment. It is necessary to study different tourism consumption groups and grasp consumers' cultural consumption psychology. For example, some people in today's world live in crowded and noisy cities for many years, leading a life of intense rhythm and fierce competition. Many people want to relax their emotions and return to nature, so eco-tourism, farmhouse music and agricultural sightseeing came into being and gradually became fashionable. Generally speaking, tourists' cultural consumption psychology is nothing more than aesthetics, innovation, knowledge, pleasure, nostalgia, preference, singing bad songs, conformity and so on. According to these psychological needs, develop some distinctive tourism projects.

3. Further adjust and optimize the tourism development pattern.

At present, the focus of tourism demand and consumption is changing from sightseeing to culture, health care and ecology. The whole province should make great efforts to create a number of tourism products, focusing on the development of ecological culture, health and entertainment, holiday and leisure, conference and business tourism products, as well as tourism products with unique Hunan culture characteristics. It is necessary to focus on the construction of natural ecological tours, lakes and rivers tours, pastoral scenery tours, wetland grassland tours, agricultural sightseeing tours and farmhouse tours. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of tourist resorts, outdoor camping sites, outdoor activity centers and community cultural activity centers. It is necessary to improve the overall environment of the city, establish a large-scale conference service center, and actively strive for various domestic and foreign conferences such as academic, economic and trade, sports and culture to be held in Hunan. In terms of Huxiang cultural products, we should actively develop sculptures, ceramics, architecture, fireworks, Hunan embroidery, calligraphy and painting, bamboo weaving and other handicrafts. In terms of product construction pattern, it is necessary to develop four major plates, namely, Great Western Hunan, Great Southern Hunan, Pan Dongting and Metropolitan Group, so as to create the overall image of Hunan tourism with three characteristics: Qishan (Zhangjiajie), Qishui (Dongting Lake) and Great Man (Mao Zedong). All localities should focus on their own unique cultural characteristics.

4. Comprehensively strengthen the construction of tourism culture.

Tourism is a comprehensive industry involving "eating, living, traveling, traveling, shopping and entertainment". Its cultural construction should not only tap the cultural connotation of tourism resources, but also pay attention to the cultural construction of travel agencies, tourist hotels, tourist companies and other enterprises and tourist destinations. The tangible products of tourism enterprises should not only have practical functions, but also meet the cultural functions of customers seeking beauty, novelty and knowledge. As the main body of tourist hotels, we should emphasize the construction of their architectural culture, decoration culture, functional culture and service culture, and attach importance to the design and construction of lobby culture, architectural culture, bathroom culture, restaurant culture and leisure and entertainment culture. Tourist destinations should create a strong cultural atmosphere, so as to improve the taste and grade of tourist areas. Tourism marketing, in addition to increasing the cultural connotation of products, marketers' own cultural quality, manners and manners should reflect the cultural characteristics of a nation and a region, giving people a distinctive high-grade cultural image.