Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Tourist attractions - What are the special festivals in Hainan?
What are the special festivals in Hainan?
Guide: In the eyes of Hainan people, all folk customs are artificially created according to people's will and will. Therefore, in Hainan dialect, all folk customs begin with the word "doing", such as doing Qingming and getting married (that is, getting married), while northerners "celebrate the New Year" and Hainan dialect calls it "doing the year". There is a saying in Hainan called "Thirty nights-the anvil must not be idle", because in Hainan, no matter how bitter people are, chickens and ducks will be killed on the 30th of the twelfth lunar month, and eight bowls of braised pork, pig's trotters, meat dishes and vegetarian dishes will be placed on the Eight Immortals table in front of the incense burner. After the ancestor worship ceremony, firecrackers will be set off and the food will be completely cooled, and the whole family will be taken to the stove for New Year's Eve dinner. Hainan's Spring Festival customs include eating New Year's Eve dinner, taking a traditional seat, washing benches, "choosing houses", offering sacrifices to ancestors, lighting kerosene lamps, observing the New Year and sprinkling jars.
Lantern Festival time: the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
Introduction: Lantern Festival is also a special "Valentine's Day" in Haikou, Hainan, which is full of many romantic colors. On the fifteenth day of the first month, Hainan Fucheng is like a sea of fresh flowers. People flock to all the prosperous places of Fucheng like a flood, looking for their favorite objects among the passing people; Fat chicken is a traditional custom of Qionghai villagers' Lantern Festival. That night, every household was decorated with lanterns and a square table was placed at the door. There is a shiny big fat chicken in the middle of the table, some with flowers and plants in their mouths, some with wings spread out and their feet spread out naturally. Villagers visit and evaluate, and judges composed of villagers come to judge, and the winners will be rewarded in the village. "Lantern Festival" is a traditional lantern festival program in Wanning. People can enjoy all kinds of lanterns on the Lantern Festival, such as eighteen arhats, rooster dancing, Guanyin lotus as proud as a peacock, and so on. At the same time, they can also enjoy wonderful dragon dance performances.
Tomb-Sweeping Day time: April 5th, Gregorian calendar.
In Hainan and Tomb-Sweeping Day, people will sweep graves in cities and villages to worship their ancestors (some families will sweep graves on the solstice in winter). Even overseas Chinese in Hainan, who are far away from Nanyang, will come back from a foreign country to worship their ancestors in Tomb-Sweeping Day, never forgetting their ancestors and their homeland. In many small cities and counties, Hainanese have the habit of reciting ancestral teachings and family rules. Hainan people attach great importance to the prosperity and inheritance of a family, and cherish and mourn the lost elders. When offering sacrifices, children will follow their elders to read the rules handed down from their genealogy. In many places in Hainan, the custom of "men are superior to women" continues. In Tomb-Sweeping Day, when worshipping ancestors, men usually bow down to their ancestors in a row, while women standing on both sides are not allowed to bow down. In some cities and counties in the west of Hainan, there is a custom of planting colored flags to sweep graves. They used colorful flags to worship their ancestors, put them on the top of graves and listened to the introduction of the older generation. This is to "crown" ancestors, and those who have passed away will feel glorious.
Dragon Boat Festival time: the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.
Introduction: In some cities and counties in the southwest of Hainan Island, Ledong County and Dongfang City, there is a custom of "not sending zongzi" in some places. People start making zongzi on the morning of the fourth day of May, usually before noon. According to legend, the fourth package of zongzi on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month is to take the cooked zongzi as a "sacrifice" to show respect for the ancestors. Zongzi here can't be given away. If a family member dies this year, the family is not allowed to make zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival. In this case, relatives and friends can give them zongzi. "Dragon water" and "dragon washing" are the most local customs of the Dragon Boat Festival in Hainan. "Longshui" is made of flowers and plants unique to Hainan, such as betel nut flower, begonia flower, wild pineapple flower, wormwood and reed. It has a beautiful meaning that makes people physically and mentally healthy, safe and longevity.
Valentine's Day in China: the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
Introduction: Every year on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, it is a grand and joyful festival for Miao people in Baoting, Hainan-the Water Splashing Festival. Thousands of ethnic minorities gather together, singing and dancing, splashing water on each other, praying for good weather and happiness. At first, it was an activity form of offering sacrifices to water by the ancient Li nationality, and later it gradually evolved into the "Water Splashing Festival".
Mid-Autumn Festival: July 15th of the lunar calendar.
Introduction: Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional folk festival in China. Every year, the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month is a festival focusing on paying homage to ghosts and gods. In Hainan, it is also called "July Festival" and "July Half". Just like people will have long holidays such as May 1st and 11th, Ghost Festival can also be understood as a half-month period from July 1 day to July 15. The devils and grandchildren will take a short vacation, and they will go out to hang out, visit relatives and friends, and go shopping. During the Ghost Festival, the sacrificial activities in different areas of Hainan are also different. In Wenchang area, people will worship ghosts and gods on the first and fourteenth days of the seventh lunar month, or on the second and fifteenth days of the seventh lunar month. There are also some unique taboos, such as people don't get a haircut and don't get married, but birthdays and don't open businesses, which have existed since ancient times.
Mid-Autumn Festival: August 15th of the lunar calendar.
Introduction: In the Mid-Autumn Festival in Hainan, besides enjoying the moon and eating moon cakes, the custom of worshipping the moon mother and welcoming Chang 'e is the most popular. Every Mid-Autumn Festival, after the family had a reunion dinner early, the children picked up all kinds of pots and ran to the banana tree in front of the house, waiting for the "Chang 'e" reflected by the water through the mottled moon marks. In areas near the sea, people usually lead young people to float needles on the water, which is an important folk custom of Mid-Autumn Festival in Hainan. Girls usually do it on this day under the guidance of their mothers, praying for the wisdom and dexterous hands of Sister Chang 'e. In the Mid-Autumn Festival in Hainan, moon cakes are not only food for people, but also sacrifices for ancestors. On such a full moon night, fishermen will naturally light incense sticks, and Yue Bai will offer sacrifices to the gods to pray for peace and good luck. When unmarried girls offer sacrifices to Yue Bai, they often haven't prayed for their early marriage.
Double Ninth Festival: the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.
Introduction: Hainan folk songs originated from the daily life of the ancestors of Hainan Island. These songs cover all fields of folk life, including some traditional festival songs. Many Hainan folk songs record the activities of ancestors in the Double Ninth Festival. According to textual research, there is a folk song named "Chongyang Song" circulating in Wenchang and Qionghai in the east of Hainan. This song describes what tourists saw and heard in high school in Hainan dialect, and people can feel the blending of natural landscape and tourists' emotional scenes in melodious singing. According to historical records, Wang Honghui, a famous minister in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, had a special liking for this landscape after visiting Tongguling, and suggested that Hainan literati students should recite poems and paint here every year on the Double Ninth Festival to remember their ancestors. Since then, every year near the Double Ninth Festival, there are many tourists on the island who climb high and overlook, reciting poems and writing poems. As time goes by, the places where they climb are gradually spread all over other famous mountains in Hainan.
Large-scale festival: Lantern Festival in Hainan Province: 15th day of the first lunar month.
Venue: Fucheng Street, qiongshan district, Haikou, Hainan.
Introduction: On the 15th day of the first month, all the lanterns in Fucheng, qiongshan district, Haikou City were set off, with a sea of people and flowers all over the street. Many people in Haikou, especially young people, rushed to Fucheng along Haifu Avenue with flowers in their hands, forming an army of flower changers. The psychology of flower changers varies from person to person. Most people change flowers at the beginning of the new year to bless each other. Young people regard the Flower Festival as a good opportunity to make friends and are willing to use flowers as a medium to find bosom friends. Flowers still bloom every year, but they are different from year to year. The ancient Flower Festival has been endowed with many new ideas, but its style is always romantic and warm.
Send lights on the Lantern Festival? Time: the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
Venue: Wenchang City, Hainan Province
Introduction: Wenchang Lantern Festival is a traditional folk custom project in China. On the fifteenth night of the first lunar month, people hold lanterns (72 characters of "blessing" and 36 characters of "longevity" can be seen on the whole lantern), pinning our working people's longing for a happy life, and praying for the gods to bless the family peace, good luck and peace in the new year.
Haikou Xianfu Culture Festival: from the sixth day of the second lunar month to the twelfth lunar month.
Venue: Xinpo Town, Longhua District, Haikou City
Introduction: The "Noisy Military Slope" originated from Mrs. Xian's meritorious measures to establish cliff state, admire the army and stabilize the whole island, and later evolved into the "Military Slope Festival" in memory of Mrs. Xian, which was spontaneously organized by various temples of Mrs. Xian, mostly in February of the lunar calendar, with a history of more than 1,000 years. This festival is a traditional festival in Hainan, especially the temple fair in rural areas, which has become a regional culture recognized by Han, Li and Miao. Through the inheritance of history, the evolution of the times and the promotion of the people, she has accumulated extremely rich cultural connotations and is an important part of Hainan folk culture. Among them, "Military Women's Day", "Tiger Dance" and "Wear" have been included in the important protection list of Hainan's intangible cultural heritage.
March 3 rd time: the third day of the third lunar month.
Location: Hainan Province
Introduction: March 3rd is a cultural resource handed down by Li nationality in Hainan for thousands of years, the most concrete and typical expression of Li nationality culture, and a traditional festival for young men and women of Li nationality to pursue love and happiness. The main characteristics and values of its folk customs are the concentrated expression of the overall folk customs of Li nationality, such as production, life and entertainment, and are the window for the world to understand the culture and history of Li nationality. Now, every year on March 3rd, all Li people in Hainan will hold grand and rich celebrations, including song competitions, spring bonfire parties, float competitions, lantern exhibitions, traditional ethnic sports competitions, young men and women singing duets, folk song and dance performances and economic and trade activities. Today, the March 3rd Festival of the Li nationality has become a grand event to enrich tourism products, spread national culture and promote national economic development, attracting tens of thousands of domestic and foreign tourists every year.
Hainan International Coconut Festival time: the third day of the third lunar month.
Venue: Haikou City
Introduction: Haikou has "Coconut Street", which holds coconut lantern festival; Taste delicious coconuts in Wenchang County, the hometown of coconuts; In Tongshi, Li and Miao will celebrate their grand carnival "March 3", and we can see the wedding customs and ancestor worship ceremony of Li and Miao. Sanya has "International Dragon Boat Race" and "Folk Wushu Competition". People's holiday travel schedule can be arranged as follows: gather in Sanya International Hotel in the afternoon, stay in the international hotel, attend the opening ceremony, visit Coconut Street, watch the lantern show in Coconut City, taste coconuts in Wenchang, Coconut County, and attend the party and wedding of Miao people in the same room on March 3 to worship their ancestors.
Sisterhood Day: March 15 to March 18 of the lunar calendar.
Venue: Wuzhishan and Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County
Introduction: Every year from March 15 to 18 of the lunar calendar, girls living in Camus Village on the steep river at the junction of Wuzhishan City and Baoting County will celebrate the traditional festival-Sisterhood Day. In these days, according to the traditional customs of Miao families in Hainan, we should eat sister meals. Sister rice is made by girls picking flowers and leaves of wild plants on the mountain, dyeing them colorful with glutinous rice and steaming them. After the sisters' dinner, the girls and boys dressed in holiday costumes and national costumes happily came to the Doushui River to participate in entertainment and sports activities, such as singing folk songs, playing lusheng, drumming on the beach, dancing lusheng, boating and bullfighting.
Danzhou Mid-Autumn Festival Time: August 15th of the lunar calendar.
Venue: Danzhou City, Hainan Province
Introduction: Danzhou, Hainan is known as "the hometown of poetry and the ocean of songs", and the Mid-Autumn Festival is Danzhou Folk Song Festival every year. At that time, people dressed in costumes gathered in more than a dozen township fairs in the north of the city, and there were warm scenes of people singing and laughing everywhere. Danzhou Mid-Autumn Festival evolved from Danzhou folk songs, which first appeared at the end of Song Dynasty and originated in the northern coastal area of Danzhou City. The main activities of the song club are Danzhou folk songs, singing competitions and "enjoying the moon". The tone of singing is euphemistic, and the tunes are evolved from folk songs. The tunes are endless and the singing is active. The lyrics, singing score, rhythm, melody and mode all conform to the personality characteristics of young people and are loved by the majority of young people.
Nanshan Longevity Culture Festival: once every two years (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month).
Venue: Sanya City
Introduction: "Nanshan Longevity Culture Festival" is a very important festival in Sanya. It is held every two years during the "Double Ninth Festival" on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, and the activity lasts for one week. With the theme of "ecological health, peace and prosperity, longevity and longevity", the activity vividly displays the image of Changshou Island in Hainan Province, promotes the development of tourism for the elderly, consistently advocates the social proposition of "having fun, providing for the elderly, learning and providing for the elderly", and continues to carry forward the fine tradition of "respecting the elderly, respecting the elderly and filial piety to the mother" of the Chinese nation. In order to improve the quality of life and enhance the physical and mental health of the elderly,
Time of international road cycling race around Hainan Island: every year 10.
Location: Hainan Province
Introduction: The International Road Cycling Race around Hainan Island was founded in 2006, co-sponsored by the State Sports General Administration and the Hainan Provincial People's Government, and co-sponsored by the China Bicycle Association and the Hainan Provincial Tourism, Culture, Radio, Film and Sports Department. It is a major international brand sports event that was clearly put forward in the State Council's Several Opinions on Promoting the Construction and Development of Hainan International Tourism Island, and was made by the Hainan Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government. The race route passes through 17 cities and counties and 1 economic development zones throughout the island, covering all kinds of road races such as expressways, provincial roads, county roads and township roads. The level of the international road cycling race around Hainan Island is level 2. HC, this is one of the top road cycling races with the highest level and the greatest influence in Asia.
Wanning Lantern Festival time: every year 10.
Venue: Wanning City
Introduction: On the evening of October 7th, 2004, 65438, the first China Youth Happy Festival and the fifth Hainan Island Happy Festival Wanning Lantern Festival kicked off. Thousands of lanterns with different shapes in Wanning City are hung high in Wan Li, and thousands of lanterns with different shapes in Wanning City are hung high in Wan Li, as if countless little stars lit up the whole night sky. Ran Ran, all kinds of lanterns, rose to the sky, making the sky in Wanning suddenly become a beautiful picture. The crowd cheered, blessed and let go of their wishes, and people were bathed in festive songs and laughter.
Hainan International Tourism Island Happy Festival Time: 165438+ every year1October.
Location: Hainan Province
Introduction: The origin of China Hainan Island Happy Festival is because Hainan must have a province-wide tourism festival to gather popularity and add joy to tourists if it wants to become a tourist island in China. In order to explore and promote Hainan's tourism culture, it is sponsored by Hainan Provincial Government and National Tourism Administration, and held every year 165438+ 10. As a newly planned tourism festival, the festival is characterized by "traveling on stage and singing tourism games". Through various tourism and entertainment activities held in cities and counties, which mainly focus on tourism and attract the participation of all walks of life, it provides a relaxed and pleasant tourism and holiday environment for domestic and foreign tourists, and shapes Hainan's tourism image as a "happy island and holiday paradise".
Time of Tianya Haijiao International Wedding Festival: every year 1 1 month.
Venue: Sanya City
Introduction: In order to meaningfully combine folk wedding with leisure tourism, Sanya Municipal People's Government of Hainan Province holds the "China Sanya Tianya Haijiao International Wedding Festival" (later renamed as the wedding festival) from 165438+ 10/0 to 2 1 every year. The wedding festival accepts international and domestic newlyweds and wedding couples such as golden wedding and silver wedding. Through activities such as "Lucheng Meeting", "Tianya Becoming Attached", "Blessing in Nanshan" and "Sending Love to the East China Sea", every couple enjoys an unforgettable feeling. Before the Tianya Haijiao International Wedding Program in Sanya, China, it has developed into a boutique tourism festival integrating wedding tourism and honeymoon vacation.
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