What is the employment situation of Chinese college students studying in Germany?

(1) What universities and majors are there in Germany? Which areas have more universities?

A: Heidelberg University (1386), Cologne University (1388), Leipzig University (149), Rostock University (1419), Munich University (1472), Bonn University (1786), G? ttingen University (1737) and Bochum University (1961). Technical university of munich (1968), Munich Military Academy (1973), Kiel University (1665), Mü nster University (178), Saar University (1948), Frankfurt University (1914), Stuttgart University (1829), Siegen University (1972), Speyer School of Management (1944). University of Tü bingen (1477), University of Wü rzburg (1582), University of Dü sseldorf (1965), Technical University of Berlin (1879), Lubeck Medical College, Technical University of Klustal-Celerd (1775), Technical University of Darmstadt (1836), University of Bremen (1971), University of Bremen. University of Kessen (167), University of Konstanz (1966), Kassel University (197), University of Mainz (1477), University of Freiburg (1457), University of Bielefeld (1969), University of Augsburg (197), Free University of Berlin (1948), University of Berlin. Hornheim University (1818), Humboldt University, Lautem University in Kaysers (197), Oldenburg University (1974), Osnabrü ck University (197), Paderborn University (1972), Regensburg University (1962), Trier University (197), university of ulm (1966). Among them, there are 82 comprehensive universities (polytechnic universities, normal universities/colleges and higher comprehensive schools), 136 colleges and universities, and 46 art and music colleges. Germany has the first national strength in Europe, and its universities have all kinds of professional settings. It can be said that any major that applicants want can be found in the above universities (in one or more universities). The most common majors are computer, information, economy, machinery, management, architecture, law, psychology, environment, agriculture, art, literature, medicine, biology and so on. Most of the above-mentioned universities are located in the economically developed west (former West Germany), so it is easy to work while studying, and their diplomas are popular after graduation, so there are many opportunities to find jobs.

(2) How many types of institutions of higher learning are there in Germany?

a: there are three types of institutions of higher learning in Germany. A: University is a comprehensive institution of higher learning with many disciplines, complete specialties and equal emphasis on teaching and scientific research. Technische University, TU), Padagoische University/Hochschule (PU/PH) and Gesamthochschule, GH) are all similar institutions. Among them, the higher comprehensive school (GH) has specialties and courses such as comprehensive university (Uni), normal university/college (PU/PH) and junior college (PH). B: Fachhochschule, FH): This kind of university has specialties such as engineering, technology, agriculture, forestry, economy, finance, business administration, design, etc., and its courses focus on application. C: Art college and music college, including drama college and film college.

(3) What's the difference between German colleges (PH) and universities (Uni)?

University category University (Uni) College (FH) has a school size of about 15, students and about 4, students (number of students). The courses are relatively complete. Admission qualifications for engineering, economics, business administration, social work, design, etc. Germany's 13-year German vocational secondary school, senior secondary school graduation from high school or 13-year high school graduation study period is 4-6 years, usually a 4-year graduation degree. Master Diploma or Master Diploma Diploma (FH) has excellent doctoral performance. After graduation, you can transfer to a university to study PhD, pay equal attention to scientific research and teaching, and engage in certain applied research, emphasizing basic research. Note: German higher vocational colleges (FH) are essentially different from universities in China.

(4) Q: Do German universities teach in German or in English?

a: all german universities teach in german, and some majors (such as economics) teach in English in their senior years. However, if you want to be registered by a German university, you must pass the German proficiency test, namely PNDS(DSH). Of course, if you are a doctor, some tutors can allow you to use English. In recent years, the European Union has set up advanced courses in several universities, which are taught in English, but the enrollment is extremely limited, and it is mainly aimed at engineers with working experience within the European Union.

(5) Q: Is it difficult to apply for German universities?

a: according to our past experience, as long as the application materials are sufficient and the reasons are appropriate, except for some difficulties in medicine, law and architecture, it is entirely possible to apply for other interdisciplinary subjects that you like.

(6) Q: What are the admission criteria for German universities?

A: The admission criteria for German universities are: having a certain economic ability and educational background (having passed the formal college entrance examination and having attended a university for at least one year; Have completed two years of direct admission qualification), have a certain level of German, good health and good moral character.

(7) Are there any entrance examinations in German universities? What is the PNDS(DSH) exam?

A: PNDS(DSH) is a college entrance language test in Germany. It is similar to the TOEFL test required for studying in the United States, but this test is generally conducted after students arrive in Germany. The examination time is two weeks before the start of the formal semester, twice a year. Except for the PNDS(DSH) exam, there are no examinations for cultural courses or professional courses in German universities, except for preparatory courses.

(8) If you want to be registered by a German university and enjoy the treatment of German college students, you must pass the PNDS or DSH exam, right?

a: yes.

(9) Q: It is legal to work in a German university, isn't it?

a: yes. As long as you are registered by a German university, it is legal to work, and no matter how much you earn, you don't have to pay taxes.

(1) Q: Is there an age limit for applicants in German universities?

a: basically not. Generally speaking, anyone who has studied at a university in China for one year can apply for admission. Of course, the younger you are, the more advantages you have (students applying for undergraduate studies are generally easier to get a visa under the age of 35).

(11) Q: Is the tuition in Germany expensive?

a: all universities in Germany are free. Just pay a small registration fee at the beginning of each semester, and the amount of registration fee is 15 marks. This is undoubtedly a great advantage compared with the high tuition fees in the United States and other countries. This is one of the reasons why many students from all over the world go to Germany for further study every year.

(12) Q: It's difficult to find a job in Germany because of poor German, isn't it?

a: generally speaking. In Germany, apart from the official, although many people can speak English, German is the main language in daily life. Therefore, no matter what work you do, you are faced with the problem of communicating with Germans who speak German. However, the difficulties are temporary. As long as you pay more attention to communication with Germans and practice German, your German level will improve rapidly.

(13) Q: What is the monthly living expenses in Germany?

a: for an ordinary student in China, the monthly living expenses are about 7 marks. Of course, the longer you live in Germany, the better the economic conditions of international students will be, and the monthly expenses will increase.

(14) Q: Can I renew my visa after entering Germany?

a: China students usually only get a three-month visa at the consulate in China. After entering Germany with this visa, if you pass the PNDS(DSH) exam, you can take your student ID card to the local immigration office to renew it after completing the university entrance registration procedures. If you fail the PNDS(DSH) exam, you can renew it at the local immigration office with the certificate of the Language Institute.

(15) What is the work-study program of China students in Germany?

a: as one of the seven western countries and the locomotive of European economy, Germany's economy is very developed, but it seems to be a laid-back country. The average person works about 2 days a year, and students have four months of summer and winter holidays every year. There are many opportunities for foreign students to work during the holidays. Generally, they can earn about 3, marks a month for working, and about 15 marks a day for working on weekends. Overtime on holidays is legally double-paid, so they are relatively well-off economically. However, a good job and salary are based on a good level of German. If the German level is poor, you can only engage in some simple manual labor, and the working conditions and salary level will be relatively reduced.

(16) Can I study in Germany and use English in my daily life? What about after-school life and diet?

a: yes. Young people, well-educated old people and staff in hotels and stations can speak English. But if you want to enroll in school and integrate into German society, you must learn German. Speaking of after-school life, people living in Germany don't need a visa to go to France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Italy and Luxembourg. If you are near the border, it is common to go abroad by bike. In addition to travel agencies, universities also organize one-day or multi-day tours around Europe, and the prices are quite cheap. The China Students' Union in various places holds activities at least during the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival every year, and the China Embassy and the local Overseas Chinese Federation also hold activities from time to time. In terms of diet, apart from the ubiquitous Chinese restaurants, there are all kinds of daily necessities imported from China in Asian stores, and they are cheaper and better than local products.

(17) What is the social environment in Germany? What's the climate like?

a: Germany covers an area of 37, square kilometers, with 8 million residents and a high population density. Due to the lack of resources, the government attaches great importance to education to develop people's intellectual resources, so the quality of the people is very high, especially known for being serious and meticulous. Compared with North America, Europe has a much longer history, and Germany has produced such human elites as Hegel, Bedofen and Goethe. Therefore, the education received in studying in Germany is various and has a very high grade. This can also explain the real reason why rich children from all over the world go to Germany to study. Germany is a country with highly developed economy, highly democratic society and high welfare, and its social security is quite good. There is absolutely no sense of insecurity in the United States. Most parts of Germany have a typical maritime climate, similar to Shanghai. Germany is a famous "green country", with charming lakes and mountains, and its environmental protection is famous all over the world. In the south, there are mountains and forests in Albers, including Siemens, Mercedes-Benz and BMW. The famous Oktoberfest is held in Munich every year. In the central hills, there is the famous Ruhr area, and Frankfurt Airport is the largest airport in continental Europe. In the northern plain, there are Hamburg Port and Volkswagen Company.

(18) Can you tell me about the prospect and way out after studying in Germany?

a: studying in Germany is a wise choice for your own development on the road of life. After three or five years of study, there will be more and better opportunities after obtaining a higher degree. First, because of the international background and high professional quality, you can easily seek high-paying and high-ranking positions when you return to China, or you can show yourself in the world; Second, if you get a professional job in Europe, you can return to China as a foreign representative, and you can get a long-term residence if you leave; Third, turn to North America for development. In the process of studying in Europe or after graduation, the chances of getting a visa to enter the United States in various ways are much higher than that of China. Therefore, studying in Europe for one or two years before moving to the United States has unparalleled advantages in personal experience, international concept cultivation and future choice; Fourth, immigrants to North America are easily accepted by the United States and Canada because of their European educational background, culture and democratic edification. At the same time, it should be pointed out that foreign students in Germany also have the opportunity to immigrate to Europe, because according to the relevant departments of the European Union, the European Commission has passed a revolutionary proposal that people from outside the EU can get a green card as long as they live in the EU for several years. As for when it will be implemented and abolished, it will be announced soon. It should also be pointed out that the main point of the joint government of Schroeder Social Democratic Party and Green Party on the issue of citizenship is that if one parent was born in Germany or immigrated to Germany before the age of 14, their children will automatically obtain German citizenship on the day of birth. Foreign adults can obtain German citizenship if they have lived in Germany for 8 years, compared with 15 years in the past. And Germany will be allowed to have dual citizenship.

(19) What is the DSH(PNDS) exam?

A: The German DSH(PNDS) exam, like the English TOEFL exam, is mainly about German proficiency, including grammar, listening and written examination. Whether the language passes or not is related to your actual listening and speaking ability in college in the future, and it is also the most fundamental condition for you to work in Germany. Only by passing this exam can you be officially registered by a German university. Therefore, applying to a university in Germany and being officially registered by a university are completely different concepts. To apply to a university, you can have a certificate of 4~8 class hours issued by the German Language Institute, and to be formally registered, you must pass the DSH(PNDS) exam.

(2) Can you outline the treatment and admission conditions of German college students?

A: Every foreign student studying in a German university enjoys the same tuition-free treatment as German students! You only need two basic conditions.

(1) A university that has studied in China for one year, regardless of major, under the age of 35;

(2) Pass the German qualification exam, that is, PNDS(DSH) exam.

As long as you have these two conditions, you will become a full-fledged German college student and enjoy all the treatment of German college students. German universities are not limited by the academic year. Some students even study for ten or eight years, and still enjoy tuition-free treatment. Students only need to pay their own rent, utilities and living expenses, which can be easily solved by students working, and they often have surplus, and even earn money to travel. According to German law, the minimum guarantee for students to work per hour is 15~18 marks. Students can also enjoy various half-price preferential treatments when traveling in China: half-price train tickets.