Optimization and development of plant landscapes in forest parks?

In recent years, with the awakening of people's ecological awareness and the improvement of economic level, after experiencing the tourism boom such as sightseeing tourism, man-made landscapes, ethnic culture, festivals and ethnic customs, forest tourism has become increasingly popular. Favor has gradually become an inevitable trend in the development of my country's tourism industry. As the primary base for forest tourism, the forest park is an important place for the in-depth development and all-round promotion of forest tourism products. It has developed particularly rapidly and has a very broad prospect. Our country's vast territory, complex ecological environment and long history and culture have endowed our country with rich and colorful forest landscape resources, such as the magnificent forests in the Greater Khingan Mountains, the ancient virgin forests on the Sichuan and Yunnan snowy plateaus, the "undersea" forests on the southeast coast, and the volcanic craters. "Underground forests" and so on, they provide a good foundation and environment for the development of my country's forest tourism industry. The establishment of the forest park has taken a key step for the development of my country's forest tourism industry. In 1982, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, my country's forest park with forest landscape as the main body, was approved by the state. It showed the world its beautiful forest landscape, forest environment and magical landforms, and created a successful start for my country's forest tourism industry. example. Since then, my country's forest parks have developed rapidly. Judging from the current development situation, my country's forest parks, including nature reserves, have launched a variety of forest tourism products and projects, such as: forest sightseeing, forest crossing, forest adventure, bird watching, forest bathing, ecological science education, mountain fruit picking, etc. , to meet the needs of different tourists. With unique natural conditions, based on the connotation and requirements of forest tourism, and taking into account the community economy, they create a forest environment for people to feel and experience nature, and have provided many successes for the development of forest tourism. and valuable experience[1]. Forest park plant landscape optimization is based on making full use of existing forest resources, taking zonal forest vegetation as a reference, and combining forest aesthetics, tourism functions, site conditions and other requirements to create diverse species, reasonable structures, rich landscapes, and functional Coordination, as well as a systematic work of high-quality forest space and environment that is beautiful, quiet, comfortable and healthy. Forest park plant landscape development is to transform the forest park plant landscape as a core tourist attraction into related forest tourism products, thereby turning resource advantages into economic advantages and creating economic benefits. 1. The basic principles that must be followed in the optimization of forest park plant landscapes. How to vigorously improve the comprehensive quality of forest park plant landscapes and ensure the fundamental resource advantages of forest parks has become an issue that must be faced and worth exploring in the development process of forest parks. This is not only an important factor affecting the benefits of plant landscape development in forest parks; from a long-term perspective, it is also the fundamental guarantee for the health and harmony of ecosystems in forest parks and even larger regions, and the sustainable development of forest tourism. It is also an important factor in the construction of forest parks in my country. fundamental purpose. Therefore, the optimization of forest park plant landscapes must follow the following basic principles: 1.1 Ecological principles The optimization of forest park plant landscapes should give top priority to restoring zonal forest vegetation, maintaining and improving the natural balance attributes of forest ecosystems, and promoting the forest park plant landscapes. Develop in the direction of stable growth, significant ecological functions, and strong stress resistance, thereby ensuring that the ecological quality of the forest park is continuously improved. 1.2 Natural Principles Forest parks focus on the wild beauty of mountains and forests, mainly reflect the collective and spectacular beauty of the forest, and emphasize a new spiritual experience. Therefore, the optimization of plant landscapes in forest parks must first focus on the big picture, and then highlight the forest edge lines, canopy lines, trees, isolated trees, etc. in key parts from the meso and micro levels to avoid putting the cart before the horse and fragmentation. 1.3 Artistic Principles 1.3.1 Use different design techniques for different visual relationships. Plant landscapes with long-range viewing distances (>2000m) have the highest naturalness, and large-scale design techniques should be used; mid-range viewing distances (300-2000m) can be representative. Special native tree species, use plant shapes and colors to shape the landscape in large color blocks: close-up viewing distance (<100m) requires richer shapes and color units, and ornamental trees and shrubs should be used more. 1.3.2 Give full play to the appeal of plant landscapes from different perspectives. Looking up at the landscape gives people a feeling of calmness, tranquility, and abyss. Therefore, more arrangements should be made in places for rest, recuperation, and health care. When looking up at the landscape, the viewpoint should be arranged at a closer distance, with an elevation angle greater than I500, so as to make it more majestic and enhance the appeal. Looking down at the landscape gives people a sense of condescending joy, which can open people's minds and create the artistic conception of "climbing Mount Tai and minimizing the world". 1.3.3 Plant landscapes with rich and diverse types, alternately distributed spatial combinations, different key tree species and hierarchical structures not only have significantly different tourist values, but also have certain complementarity in function. The forest park should be based on the vertical canopy landscape forest, and at the same time, it should be scientifically, artistically and reasonably configured according to the requirements of viewing, activities and special three-dimensional conditions, so as to create a positive effect of rich and diverse landscape types and alternating spatial combinations, giving Visitors can experience the diverse scenery with each step. 1.3.4 Reasonable arrangement of facing, transparent and obstructing plant landscapes should complement each other, and the ornamental value can be enhanced by selecting the right scenic spots. Perspective means arranging perspective lines or setting up open plant landscapes such as water surfaces and lawns between opposite views so that they can see through each other. Scenery barrier refers to the arrangement of certain trees and shrubs, mostly vertical canopy-type forests, to serve as a barrier when an inconsistent landscape is encountered and obstructs the view.

1.4 Functional Principles Forest parks are generally large in scale. Plant landscapes with multiple tree species, multiple structures, and multiple colors should be used to create forest spaces and environments with different functions such as sightseeing, recuperation and health care, recreation participation, and knowledge learning, etc., to highlight various scenic spots or The forest tourism characteristics of the functional area. 1.5 Dynamic Principle The plant landscape of the forest park is different from the natural landscape or architectural monuments, but a regular dynamic landscape. The initial effect of the construction is often not ideal, but with the improvement of the natural environment, the growth of trees, and the succession of the forest, The effect will gradually increase. 2 Basic principles for the development of forest park plant landscapes In the buyer's tourism market situation, if we do not work hard on tourism products, it will be difficult for the tourism industry to have strong viability and development capabilities. Forest park plant landscape development is the direct purpose and foothold of forest park plant landscape optimization. High-quality forest tourism products with plant landscape as the core tourist attraction are of great significance to ensure that developers remain invincible in the fierce competition in the forest tourism market. of great importance. Therefore, in order to truly realize the virtuous cycle of "tourism promotes protection and protection promotes tourism", the development of plant landscapes in forest parks must follow the following basic principles: 2.1 Protection principles The existing forest resources in forest parks are an important foundation for the development of forest tourism. A series of ecological functions and creating a green tone play an important role and are hard-won. We must establish the concept that protecting green and improving the forest ecological environment is to protect and develop productivity, and pay equal attention to development and protection [2]. According to the aesthetic value, ecological value, scientific value of the plant landscape and the degree of vulnerability of the ecological environment, the development sequence, development scale and development level should be determined according to local conditions and situation, and the development amount should be controlled so that the forest ecosystem can adjust itself and circulate normally. At a stable level, we can achieve the organic unity of economic, social and environmental benefits. 2.2 The principle of natural authenticity. The development of forest park plant landscapes should be based on meeting the needs of tourists to return to nature and return to nature. Art processing should be carried out on the basis of maintaining the true form of the original landscape as much as possible to design a unique ecological forest tourism product style. Form an ecological return mood for forest tourism in the forest park and fully demonstrate the original personality of the forest; avoid deliberately introducing or adding attractions or replicas that are incompatible with the original landscape.

In recent years, with the awakening of people's ecological awareness and the improvement of economic level, forest tourism has become more and more popular after experiencing the tourism boom such as sightseeing tourism, man-made landscapes, ethnic culture, festivals and ethnic customs. Favor has gradually become an inevitable trend in the development of my country's tourism industry. As the primary base for forest tourism, the forest park is an important place for the in-depth development and all-round promotion of forest tourism products. It has developed particularly rapidly and has a very broad prospect. Our country's vast territory, complex ecological environment and long history and culture have endowed our country with rich and colorful forest landscape resources, such as the magnificent forests in the Greater Khingan Mountains, the ancient virgin forests in the snowy plateau of Sichuan and Yunnan, the "undersea" forests on the southeast coast, and the volcanic crater. "Underground forests" and so on, they provide a good foundation and environment for the development of my country's forest tourism industry. The establishment of the forest park has taken a key step for the development of my country's forest tourism industry. In 1982, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, my country's forest park with forest landscape as the main body, was approved by the state. It showed the world its beautiful forest landscape, forest environment and magical landforms, and created a successful start for my country's forest tourism industry. example. Since then, my country's forest parks have developed rapidly. The optimization and development of forest park plant landscapes is a series of complementary, decision-making, conscious and purposeful coordination activities carried out in order to meet people's pursuit of social, economic, environmental and other benefits of forest park plant landscapes. The two are each other's means and goals, and must follow the path of organic combination and coordinated development. 1. The basic principles that must be followed in the optimization of forest park plant landscapes. How to vigorously improve the comprehensive quality of forest park plant landscapes and ensure the fundamental resource advantages of forest parks has become an issue that must be faced and worth exploring in the development process of forest parks. This is not only an important factor affecting the benefits of plant landscape development in forest parks; from a long-term perspective, it is also the fundamental guarantee for the health and harmony of ecosystems in forest parks and even larger regions, and the sustainable development of forest tourism. It is also an important factor in the construction of forest parks in my country. fundamental purpose. Therefore, the optimization of forest park plant landscapes must follow the following basic principles: 1.1 Ecological principles The optimization of forest park plant landscapes should give top priority to restoring zonal forest vegetation, maintaining and improving the natural balance attributes of forest ecosystems, and promoting the forest park plant landscapes. Develop in the direction of stable growth, significant ecological functions, and strong stress resistance, thereby ensuring that the ecological quality of the forest park is continuously improved. 1.2 Natural Principle Forest parks value the wild beauty of mountains and forests, mainly reflect the collective and spectacular beauty of the forest, and emphasize a brand new spiritual experience. Therefore, the optimization of plant landscapes in forest parks must first focus on the big picture, and then highlight the forest edge lines, canopy lines, trees, isolated trees, etc. in key parts from the meso and micro levels to avoid putting the cart before the horse and fragmentation. 1.3 Artistic Principles 1.3.1 Use different design techniques for different visual relationships. Plant landscapes with long-range viewing distances (>2000m) have the highest naturalness, and large-scale design techniques should be used; mid-range viewing distances (300-2000m) can be representative. Special native tree species, use plant shapes and colors to shape the landscape in large color blocks: close-up viewing distance (<100m) requires richer shapes and color units, and ornamental trees and shrubs should be used more.

1.3.2 Give full play to the appeal of plant landscapes from different perspectives. Looking up at the landscape gives people a feeling of calmness, tranquility, and abyss. Therefore, more arrangements should be made in places for rest, recuperation, and health care. When looking up at the landscape, the viewpoint should be arranged at a closer distance, with an elevation angle greater than I500, so as to make it more majestic and enhance the appeal. Looking down at the landscape gives people a sense of condescending joy, which can open people's minds and create the artistic conception of "climbing Mount Tai and minimizing the world". 1.3.3 Plant landscapes with rich and diverse types, alternately distributed spatial combinations, different key tree species and hierarchical structures not only have significantly different tourist values, but also have certain complementarity in function. The forest park should be based on the vertical canopy landscape forest, and at the same time, it should be scientifically, artistically and reasonably configured according to the requirements of viewing, activities and special three-dimensional conditions, so as to create a positive effect of rich and diverse landscape types and alternating spatial combinations, giving Visitors can experience the diverse scenery with each step. 1.3.4 Reasonable arrangement of facing, transparent and obstructing plant landscapes should complement each other, and the ornamental value can be enhanced by selecting the right scenic spots. Perspective means arranging perspective lines or setting up open plant landscapes such as water surfaces and lawns between opposite views so that each other can be seen through. Scenery barrier refers to the arrangement of certain trees and shrubs, mostly vertical canopy-type forests, to act as a barrier when the landscape is unharmonious and obstructs the view.

The above is collected and compiled by Zhongda Consulting

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