Tibetan geography paper 1000 words

Xizang Autonomous Region is located in the southwest of People's Republic of China (PRC), with a land span of 26 50' ~ 36 53' north latitude and 78 25' ~ 99 06' east longitude, with an area of 1.22 million square kilometers, accounting for about 1/8 of the total land area of China, second only to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China. It borders Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province in the north, and Yunnan Province and Sichuan Province in the east and southeast. The south and west are adjacent to Myanmar, India, Bhutan, Nepal and Kashmir respectively from east to west, and the border line is about 3842 kilometers long.

Due to the influence of topography, landforms and atmospheric circulation, the climate in Tibet is unique, complex and diverse. Generally speaking, the climate in the northwest is cold and dry, and the climate in the southeast is warm and humid. So from southeast to northwest, the climate types are tropical, subtropical, temperate plateau, sub-frigid plateau, frigid plateau and so on. In the alpine valleys and southern slopes of the Himalayas in southeastern Tibet, due to the repeated uplift of the terrain, the temperature gradually drops, and the climate changes vertically from tropical or subtropical climate to temperate, cold temperate and frigid climate. [29]

With the increase of altitude and the decrease of air pressure and air density, the oxygen content per cubic meter of air gradually decreases, which is equivalent to 73% of sea level at an altitude of 3,000 meters, 62% ~ 65.4% at 4,000 meters, 59% at 5,000 meters and less than 52% above 6,000 meters.

Under the alternating control of winter westerly wind and summer southwest monsoon, the difference between dry season and rainy season in Tibet is very obvious. The general dry season is 10 to April of the following year. May to September is the rainy season, and the rainfall generally accounts for about 90% of the annual precipitation. The precipitation in different places is also seriously uneven, and the annual precipitation is gradually reduced from 5000 mm in the southeast lowlands to 50 mm in the northwest. [29]

The climate in southern Tibet and northern Tibet is very different. Affected by the warm and humid air current in the Indian Ocean, the southern Tibet Valley is mild and rainy, with an annual average temperature of 8℃, a monthly average minimum temperature of-16℃ and a monthly average maximum temperature of over 16℃. The northern Tibetan Plateau has a typical continental climate, with an annual average temperature below 0℃ and a freezing period of half a year. The highest temperature in July does not exceed 10℃, and it is warmer in June-August, rainy in winter and windy at night. As far as the climate is concerned, March to 65438+1October is more suitable for traveling to Tibet, and June to September is the best season. [29]

Tibet is the place with the largest solar radiation energy in China, which is twice as much as the plain area at the same latitude, namely 1/3. The sunshine time is also the longest in the country. Compared with the mainland of China, the temperature in most parts of Tibet is low, and the annual average temperature in Lhasa and Shigatse is lower than that in Chongqing, Wuhan and Shanghai at the same latitude 10 ~ 15℃. In Ali, where the altitude is more than 5000 meters, the daytime temperature is only about 10℃ in midsummer and August, and the temperature will even drop below 0℃ at night.

Xizang Autonomous Region has discovered mineral resources 10 1 species, discovered mineral resources reserves of 4 1 species, proved mineral deposits 100, discovered more than 2,000 occurrences and developed 22 kinds of minerals. The main minerals in Tibet are copper, chromium, boron, lithium, lead, zinc, gold, antimony, iron and geothermal water. Some minerals occupy an important position in the country, and the potential value of mineral resources is more than one trillion yuan. Chromium, craft crystal, corundum, high-temperature geothermal, copper, kaolin, magnesite, boron, natural sulfur, mica, arsenic, mineral water and other mineral resources 12, ranking the top five in China. At present, petroleum resources also have good exploration prospects.