Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Tourist attractions - You Yangzhou composition
You Yangzhou composition
I first heard that Yangzhou was called Guangling in ancient times. The history of Yangzhou city can be traced back to 486 BC. Today's Yangzhou area was called "Guangling" and "Jiangdu" as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties ... Yangzhou, located in the middle of Jiangsu Province, on the north bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and at the southern end of the Jianghuai Plain, is known as "a beautiful place in the west of the bamboo sea and a famous place in Huaizuo".
The city flowers of Yangzhou are Qionghua and Peony. Urban trees are ginkgo and willow respectively. Why is willow one of the symbols of Yangzhou? Originally, Emperor Yang Di ordered a canal to be dug under Yangzhou, and willows were planted on both sides of the canal, which was named after them, hence the name "Liu Yang".
Yangzhou has an ancient history of nearly 2500 years. It is a city that won the UN Habitat Award, China Habitat Environment Award, National Environmental Protection Model City, China Harmonious Management City, China Civilized City and China Forest City ... Faced with the "temptation" of this string of shining laurels, I was intoxicated before I visited it.
The scenery in the garden is pleasant.
When visiting Yangzhou, the first sight to see must be Slender West Lake. Located in the northern suburb of the city, the lake was listed as "National Important Historical and Cultural Heritage and Key Scenic Spot with Yangzhou Garden Characteristics" by the State Council in 1988, and became the first national 5A scenic spot in Yangzhou in 20 10. Slender West Lake, with a water surface of more than 5 kilometers, is less than 100 meters at its widest point. It turned out to be a wide river outside the city. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were gardens along the Slender West Lake. In the Qing Dynasty, due to the six "southern tours" of Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong, the grand occasion of "flowers and willows on both sides of the strait are all by the water and mountains along the way" was formed. ...
Walking by the lake, I saw several steps and a willow tree. These thousands of willows, like a green mist, are soft and charming, accompanied by flowers or fruits such as camellia, pomegranate, cuckoo and orange; In particular, I heard that Taohuawu was the scene where Lin Daiyu was buried in A Dream of Red Mansions, and I became attached to the graceful scenes. On an antique cruise ship, we found a pot of jasmine in the bow. The fragrance was accompanied by love songs from the soft throat of the beautiful owner, which made us seem to have entered a dreamy "daughter country".
Heyuan, known as the "first garden in the late Qing Dynasty", is located at 66 Xuningmen Street. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit, a national 4A-level scenic spot and one of the first 20 key parks in China. Heyuan, also known as "Jixiao Mountain Villa", was built by He Zhiqing during the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. He left a family style of attaching importance to learning and neglecting teaching, and successively produced grandparents, grandchildren, brothers, doctors, father and daughter painters, and brothers and sisters academicians-tourists are all amazed when they see relevant historical materials and photos! Perhaps it was inspired by Tao Yuanming's farewell speech that "leaning against the south window is proud and climbing to the east is comforting". There are also four rare "world firsts" hidden in Heyuan. Such as "the first gallery in the world", "the first window in the world", "the first mountain in the world" and "the first pavilion in the world". A mere garden contains four "the best in the world", which is probably unique in the world. It is worth mentioning that the "No.1 Pavilion in the World" is the only water stage in China.
Yu Dacheng is the quintessence of Yangzhou gardens, which well integrates the elements of western architecture, and Heyuan has become a wonderful flower in the history of China gardens. Unfortunately, the sky was not beautiful on the day of visiting Heyuan, and many scenic spots were shrouded in heavy rain and fog.
Geyuan, located in the northern corner of the ancient city, was built by Huang Zhijun, the general manager of salt merchants in Huaibei, in the 23rd year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 18 18), and was announced as the third batch of "National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units" by the State Council in 1988. The garden won with bamboo and stone, and even the word "Ge" in the name of the garden was cleverly taken with half a bamboo word. Bamboo is a symbol of elegance, purity, humility and integrity. Throughout the ages, the courtyards of literati "can't live without this gentleman for a day", and Huang Zhijun is a model of loving bamboo.
"If you don't leave home, it will be spring, and the dust horse will rest." In the garden, you can feel the beautiful scenery of the four seasons at any time, which means "spring comes in the pot". In other words, although the garden is as small as a pot, it has its own dry world, and all the worldly troubles of entering the garden have vanished. This shows that the owner of the garden is unique and even innovative. Hehe, sorry. At first, I misread "Hu Chun" as "Chunhu". No wonder I can't untie the "heart knot" in my interpretation. Tourism is a university! Tourist sightseeing is a learning process.
The history of Ge Yuan keeps pace with the famous "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou". It is said that Yangzhou Municipal Government is going to declare Ge Yuan as a world cultural heritage, and this beautiful vision is worth looking forward to by the world.
Famous food shows its characteristics
Yangzhou fried rice is famous all over the world. Can you not taste the origin of this fried rice? On the first day of eating, my friend invited us to eat authentic Huaiyang cuisine, and we ate Yangzhou fried rice. Yangzhou fried rice, also called Yangzhou fried rice with eggs, is mainly made of refined white indica rice or new white japonica rice. It needs to be cleaned with water before cooking. After a little soaking, put it in a pot and cook it until it is cooked thoroughly, without hardness and loose particles. Fried rice contains green beans, tender bamboo shoots, shrimp and other ingredients. When dressing up, you should use famous porcelain. As the saying goes, "Good food is beautiful". It seems that the so-called Yangzhou fried rice in many places is thick and greasy, and the "truth" of fried rice has not been obtained.
The steamed buns in Yangzhou are also great. Such as dried vegetable bag, diced bag, mushroom bag, shredded radish bag, wild vegetable bag and so on. Dumpling is a kind of steamed stuffed bun similar to glutinous rice balls. I tasted it carefully when I had breakfast in Yangzhou. When the steamed stuffed bun is just served, don't "blow away", otherwise it will burn your lips or even your mouth. Sven's way of eating is to insert a straw into the steamed stuffed bun, then suck it gently, and then "destroy" the thin skin after the steamed stuffed bun shrinks gradually. There is a little yellow in the steamed stuffed bun, which is the famous crab yellow. Because there are so many delicious dishes that I can't name them if I swallow them. Anyway, the "three heads" (lion head, fish head and pig head meat) have all been eaten. Steamed bass, I know what it tastes like. One morning, I also went to Sanhe Simei pickles shop and bought several pickles that Yangzhou locals also like to eat.
Next, please invite the prose master Zhu Ziqing to comment on the famous food in his hometown. Zhu Ziqing wrote in the article "Talking about Yangzhou": "Yangzhou has steamed snacks, meat stuffing, crab stuffing and bamboo shoots stuffing. Needless to say, the most delicious food is steamed bread and dried buns. Choose the most tender dish, chop it into mud, add a little sugar and oil, steam it until it needs to be cooked and scalded, and it will melt in the mouth, leaving some aftertaste ... after a meal, you can relax. But only an experienced tea drinker would be so cautious; Occasionally, the locals and foreigners in the teahouse couldn't help but gorge, and when they arrived, they walked out with their stomachs covered. "
Yangzhou has been a beautiful, gentle and wealthy town since ancient times. The ancients said: I am rich, riding a crane to Yangzhou. It can be seen that the joy of life is nothing more than this. Yangzhou has many scenery. However, the softness of the Slender West Lake, the tranquility of daming temple, the vicissitudes of the Grand Canal, and the exquisiteness of one garden and one garden are not worth mentioning, either because it is not in spring or because it is gorgeous and luxurious. The simplicity and grandeur of Shi Kefa's ancestral home alone touched my heart. As soon as I entered the main entrance, I saw an ancient ginkgo tree on both sides, which was planted during the Qianlong period. Today, the towering trees cover the sky. Surrounded by other forests, there are thick shadows. In the surrounding corridor, there are stone tablets written by predecessors, or grass or lines, which are as big as a bucket, tense and full of potential, making this temple more attractive. A straight bluestone road in the middle leads to the dining hall of Shi Gongkefa. The dining hall is very big, and it is dedicated to a dry-painted stone statue with a long beard and awe-inspiring eyes. The words "vigorous mountains and rivers" are written on the flat ground.
King Chuang went to Beijing, Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in Jingshan Park, and the Ming Dynasty perished. At this time, half of the south of the Yangtze River has not yet fallen, and Ma Shiying, the satrap of Fengyang, succeeded to the throne in Nanjing, which was called Nanming in history. But as soon as the new emperor succeeded to the throne, he didn't want to recover the rivers and mountains of the Central Plains to avenge his father. On the contrary, he decided to elect beautiful women and drink all day for one's pleasure. Since ancient times, the country will die and there will be evil spirits. Ma Shiying, Ruan Dacheng and other courtiers sold officials and titles, and the party disputed differences. At this time, the Qing army went all the way south, stationed in the Huaihe River, and most of the cities it passed surrendered without a fight. The historian was afraid, and repeatedly advised the bad king and the courtiers to unite as one. At this time of national crisis, Yangzhou city should be heavily guarded. Yangzhou is an important town north of the Yangtze River, located in the Jianghuai area. If Yangzhou city is broken and the northern defense line falls, the capital (Nanjing) will be difficult to defend. However, after repeated remonstrances and defeats, the bad king thought he was wordy, promoted him to University of Wuyingdian, University of Dongge and Minister of War, and sent him to guard Yangzhou, but only gave him 3,000 soldiers and horses. Shi Gong is a honest man, knowing that going here will be a failure and a dead end, he left generously. Later, support troops arrived, with another 4,000 people.
At that time, Hou Zuo Liangyu of Ningnan was stationed in Wuchang, with 700,000 troops. The army rushed to the capital along the river, fighting for power with Ma Shiying. At this time, Shi Gong begged the capital to reinforce and guard Yangzhou. Ma Shiying rose up against Zuo Liangyu, saying, "Those who break their promises will be beheaded! We would rather die at the hands of the Qing Dynasty than at the hands of Zuo Liangyu. " Self-interest, self-interest, modest return. If you ask for help several times, you have no success.
One day, I went to Yantou, Yanzi, only to find that the river was long and the willows were long, and the sun was like blood. I thought the mountains and rivers were broken, but there was no king of Zhongxing, and the great mountains and rivers fell into the hands of foreigners. I also think of my old and helpless mother, who is too busy to serve the country all day and in a miserable situation. At this moment, the feelings of grief, pity and self-blame come to my mind, and I can't help but burst into tears. I wrote a poem: I didn't see my mother when I came to Beijing, thousands of miles away. The stone head shed clear tears and the water droplets sank to the bottom of the river. Then I returned to Yangzhou City with pain.
200,000 Qing troops went south, and the soldiers were divided into three ways. Among them, there were 100,000 soldiers in the East Road, led by Heshuo and Prince of Henan, who attacked Yangzhou. A few days before the siege, Gansu company commanders brought 4,000 stragglers to join Stone Bow. One day, Shi Gong and the company commander boarded the city head and looked out. When they saw that the Qing army had surrounded Yangzhou city with three floors inside and three floors outside like iron drums, the flag covered the sun, the armor shone, and the military potential was very strong. The commander-in-chief was greatly frightened and had the intention of surrendering. However, if only 4000 soldiers fall, they will not be reused. If we can persuade Shi Kefa to fall with us, prosperity will be at your fingertips. He took the opportunity to lobby Shigong, who sternly refused, thinking that the troops in the city were already thin and would be destroyed if they fought again. He said generously, "I swear to live and die with this city. What do you want? " If you want to be rich, help yourself! "It was the Japanese company commanders who led four thousand soldiers out of the city to surrender to the Qing army.
Duoduo already knew the truth of the city, and repeatedly advised Shigong to surrender, destroying books and beheading him until he died. In Shi Kefa's ancestral home, there is a history of the Book of Vodourgen, which is read word for word, and the spirit of awe is vividly on the paper. Knowing that the situation was overwhelming, Shi called Liu Dewei, the deputy commander, and told him to commit suicide once he broke the city, so as to fulfill his martyrdom. Dewei generously let go. The husband has been married for many years and has no children. His wife has repeatedly advised him to marry a concubine, but he always refuses to do so with the ambition of "why do Huns not die at home?" At this time, Liu Dewei was accepted as the adopted son of Helicoverpa armigera, and he wrote to tell his mother to put it into the family tree.
Yangzhou city was breached in one day, and the Qing army wantonly killed and set fire to vent their anger. Shi Gong and his generals were breaking through. When they saw Qin Bing and the people lying in a pool of blood one after another, they felt heartbroken at the thought that they could not defend the mountains and rivers and save the people below. However, he shook his clothes and stood proudly with a sword. The clear voice said, "I am a member of the cabinet!" "
The Qing soldiers surrounded him and came to Duoduo's account. Duoduo greeted Mr. Wang with courtesy and advised him to surrender. "My country is an important minister, and I have no intention of surrendering. I hate following my late emperor to the grave. Now that I'm caught, I want to die quickly. There is nothing to say. " Seeing this a lot, the governor can't do it and kill it. Later generations buried the cenotaph in Meihualing.
A few years after Shi Gong's death, the rebels kept impersonating him. Gradually, even the Qing people began to doubt. When Sun Zhaokui of Wuzhong was arrested in the anti-Qing uprising, Hong Chengchou met him and asked, "Sir, do you know that Shi Gongguo of Yangzhou Pavilion is dead?" Not dead? Sun Gong said, "I came from the north and learned that Guo, the commander-in-chief of Songshan martyrs, was dead. "? Not dead? "It turned out that Hong Chengchou fought against the Qing army in Songshan during the Chongzhen period and was defeated by the Qing army. Chongzhen thought it was a martyrdom for his country and set up an altar to cry bitterly.
Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty built a temple for Shigong, praising and comforting loyal souls, and admonishing courtiers to be loyal to their country and not to learn from Hong Chengchou.
The ancients did not judge heroes by success or failure, but only by right or wrong. Such as Shi Gong, although things can't be done, loyalty will last forever and enjoy the temple for thousands of years. It has been 70 years since the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. There used to be many heroes who risked their lives to defend mountains and rivers, but now they are all dead. I feel deeply about Sri Lanka, miss the past and miss today, because this is a literary work!
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