9th grade Chinese language lesson plan "Longzhong Dui"

Longzhong's conversation is selected from Chen Shou, the author of "Three Kingdoms" and a historian of the Western Jin Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang during his three visits to the thatched cottage in Longzhong, Xiangyang. The following is the lesson plan for the ninth-grade Chinese language "Longzhong Dui" that I shared. Everyone is welcome to refer to it!

Teaching objectives

1 Knowledge and ability: Accumulate classical Chinese content words, master common classical Chinese sentence patterns, Develop a sense of literary language.

2 Process and method: Read aloud repeatedly to understand the content of the text and grasp the context of the article. Combining chapters 37 and 38 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", students will be guided to understand the similarities and differences between historians' writing methods and novelists' writing methods.

　3 Emotional attitudes and values: Discover the shining points of the characters in the text, and educate students to be people who love the motherland, have great ambitions, have ideals, ambitions, wisdom and courage; to respect knowledge, value talents, be open-minded, and not ashamed to ask questions. people.

Teaching focus: Let students analyze and clarify the core principles and basis of Zhuge Liang's remarks.

Teaching difficulties: the historical events and background involved in the teaching materials.

The class schedule is divided into two periods.

Teaching methods: Reading method, Questioning method, Discussion and analysis method, Multimedia demonstration, etc.

Teaching materials and academic situation analysis. The story in this article is in "Chu Shi Biao" and "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" are described from different angles. Ninth-grade students have already reached a certain level in reading classical Chinese, so the horizontal connections and vertical expansion of the teaching materials can be appropriately broadened and deepened.

Teaching process

(1) Introduction of new lessons

Use the courseware to play the ending song "The Sky of History" in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and the teacher asks: "Flying before my eyes "With vivid faces", may I ask, which heroes from the Three Kingdoms are in your mind? Who is your favorite? Why? Mobilize students' enthusiasm by asking questions and activate their thinking quickly.

Then show the courseware: Du Fu's poem in "The Prime Minister of Shu": Three visits frequently trouble the world, and two dynasties open up the hearts of old ministers. He died before leaving the army, which made the hero burst into tears. Question, who is the person written in the poem? - Zhuge Liang. Which article of his have we studied? - "Exemplary Practice". Try to recite the sixth paragraph: "I am a commoner... You have been twenty and one year."

Prompt students to recite the question: In this paragraph, "Three visits to the ministers in the grass" What is "In the House" talking about? Students can easily answer: "Three visits to the thatched cottage". The teacher then made it clear: Yes, this is the story of Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage that Zhuge Liang himself recalled fondly. I believe that students also know it from novels and TV series. So, how is it recorded in the history books? Today we will study the article "Longzhong Dui", which is an excerpt from the history book "Three Kingdoms".

Evaluation: I believe that the introduction not only plays an introductory role, it also plays a review role in reviewing the past and learning the new; it plays a transitional role in connecting the past and the future; it plays a role in horizontal expansion and vertical extension of knowledge. Therefore, if necessary, the design of the introduction can be slightly longer.

(2) Brief background and title: In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the heroes were divided. After the Northern Wei Dynasty Cao Cao unified the north, he prepared to go south to eliminate Sun Quan of the Eastern Wu Dynasty and Liu Bei of the Western Shu Dynasty. However, Liu Bei had only a few soldiers at this time. It was a time when people were thirsty for talents. In 207 AD, Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times to visit Zhuge Liang in Longzhong on the recommendation of Xu Shu. Zhuge Liang made a confident strategic decision for Liu Bei based on the political situation at that time. This article records the whole story of Liu Bei's three visits to the thatched cottage and his Q&A with Zhuge Liang.

Yes, countermeasures means answering questions. In the feudal era, when courtiers answered questions raised by the emperor, they were called countermeasures.

(3) Next, students are asked to read the text. Individual reading is carried out, and joint reading is combined with the teacher's model reading. Teachers, please pay attention to the correct pronunciation:

hào fǔ suì yì bǐng qīng tuí duó shēn chāngjué

It is good for "Liang Fu Yin", and then the people of Liangping devoted themselves to virtue, strength, faith and righteousness

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　kuài dài yīn xù zhòu zhū róng dān

　Wu Hui’s people, Yin’s country’s rich people, and the imperial family’s lords, all the soldiers, eat pots of pulp

(4) Let students try Use your own language to interpret the text. You don’t have to translate it word for word, as long as you can translate the general idea. If you encounter difficulties, you can use reference books or discuss with classmates, and then talk to classmates. The teacher will pay attention to correcting mistakes or emphasizing the translation of special sentence patterns, such as:

1. It is difficult for people to allow it at this time—— (Inverted sentence) Translation: _______________________________

2 Use talents for their own purposes - (Passive sentence) Translation: ____________________________

3 Zhuge Kongming is also a crouching dragon.

——(Judgement sentence) Translation: ____________________________

4. Which of the common people would dare to welcome the general without emptying the pot of slurry? ——(Rhetorical question) Translation: ____________________________________________________________

(5) Ask students to quickly read the text silently again, and present questions for students to think about and answer one by one:

This article is an excerpt of a biography, but its core part is a brilliant strategy, so who is asking? Ask Who? What is the question? Why is it asked? Who is answering? What did he answer? Try to summarize the key points of his answer. Thinking: Why did he answer like this? What kind of person is this? From what aspects can it be seen?

For questions like evaluation design, the teacher has actually listed the main content and context of the lesson. In the process of answering, the process of students thinking and organizing and using language to answer is the process of exercising their ability to analyze and summarize. It is necessary to mobilize students' enthusiasm and require them to combine independent thinking with discussion and inquiry, and answer each question carefully.

1 Who is asking?——The First Lord Liu Bei.

2 Who to ask?——Ask Zhuge Liang.

3 What are you asking? - The "plan" in "You said that the plan will be settled" - the plan to believe in righteousness in the world - the plan to eliminate the traitors and help the Han Dynasty.

4 Why ask?——A has a recommendation from Xu Shu.

B The words of the late Lord: "The Han Dynasty collapsed, traitors stole their lives, and the Lord was covered in dust. I did not measure my virtue and ability, and wanted to believe in righteousness in the world, but I was short-sighted, so I used it rampantly. As of today, But the ambition is still there."

5 Who is answering? - Zhuge Liang.

6 What did he answer? Try to summarize the key points of his answer:

(1) Analyze the opponent’s situation and response strategy: Cao Cao has millions of people (military) , using the emperor to command the princes (politically) - cannot compete with him; Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong (natural danger), has been through three generations (history), the country is dangerous but the people are attached to it (people's hearts), and the virtuous can be used (talents) - can There is no hope for help.

(2) Analyze the favorable terrain and utilization strategies: Jingzhou is a land of martial arts, and Yizhou is a land of abundance. ——There are Jingyi across the road to protect the rock.

(3) Analyze Liu Bei’s advantages: The royal family is loyal to the world, takes charge of heroes, and is thirsty for talents.

(4) Determine the strategy to dominate and prosper the Han Dynasty: (A) Make preparations: there is Jingyi across the road, protect the rocks, make peace with the Rong in the west, pacify the Yiyue in the south, make good friends with Sun Quan externally, and make good friends with Sun Quan internally. Repair politics.

(B) Waiting for the opportunity: The world has changed.

(C) Raise troops and attack: Order a general to lead the army of Jingzhou towards Wanluo, and the general to lead the army of Yizhou out of Qinchuan.

7 Why did he answer like this? That is, what is the basis for his answer?

Zhuge Liang actually made a series of careful plans for Liu Bei based on analyzing the general trend of the world< /p>

(1) See your opponent clearly - Cao Cao seizes the opportunity, Sun Quan is sitting on the terrain, so you should grasp the "harmony", that is, "conquer the Rong in the west, pacify the Yiyue in the south, and make good friends with Sun Quan in the outside world" ( Lian Wu resisted Cao)

(2) On the basis of harmony and harmony, we must also occupy geographical advantages: there are Jingyi across the road, and the rocks are blocked.

(3) See yourself clearly: "The general is an emperor..." Because only by seeing yourself clearly can you enhance your self-confidence, know yourself and the enemy, and be victorious in a hundred battles.

(4) Move with the times and use troops accurately: the world has changed...

8 What kind of person is this? In what aspects can we see it?

(1) From Zhuge Liang’s “yes”, that is, Zhuge Liang’s answer, that is, Zhuge Liang’s wonderful analysis of the general trend of the world and careful planning of strategic strategies for Liu Bei, we can see that Zhuge Liang is ambitious, far-sighted, talented and rich Wisdom, clear-headed, and far-sighted. He is a military strategist with far-sighted strategic thinking and a politician with practical political talents.

(2) From what other places can we see Zhuge Liang’s extraordinary qualities?

A. He cultivated long acres in order to write "Liang Fu Yin". He is eight feet long, compared with Guan Zhong and Le Yi. ——Be ambitious, confident and ambitious.

B Zhuge Kongming is also a crouching dragon. ——Hide away from the world and wait for the time to fly.

C This person can be seen but cannot be surrendered. The general should take care of it in vain. ---Be reserved and self-respecting.

D The First Lord said: "Good!" So he and Liangqing became close. ——The insights are brilliant and convincing.

E Guan Zhang was displeased, and the late Lord explained it by saying: A lonely place has a bright sky, just like a fish has water..." -----The pillar of governing the country.

(VI ) The character description can be combined with positive description and side foil. Take a look at the above description of Zhuge Liang’s character. Which are positive descriptions and which are side foils?

Zhuge Liang’s answer and A belong to positive description. , and BCDE is a side foil.

(7) What kind of person is Liu Bei in the article? Where can we tell it?

Liu Bei is an ambitious, ambitious, charisma and prestigious person who can seek talents with an open mind. A person who respects the virtuous corporal. A When Xu Shu saw the first master, he first mastered the weapon.

B Because of this, the first master came to Liang, and every time he went there three times, he saw it.

C Yinping people said: "The Han Dynasty is in decline...Do you think the plan will work out?"

D The First Master said: "Good!" So they and Liang had a good relationship. dense.

E The late master explained: "There is a hole in a solitary place, just like a fish has water. I hope you will not say anything more."

(8) Print and distribute information to students Quickly read Chapters 37 and 38 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and try to compare and analyze the differences between the literary style and the historian's style? Give an example to illustrate.

Historians’ narrative style is simple and “only records the actual events.” They objectively and fairly record history by recording events and words, and generally there is no praise or criticism in the article. Literary writing emphasizes vivid plots and vivid characters, often adding legends and the author's imagination appropriately based on history. Therefore, it is often lively, interesting and fascinating to read. For example, when Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang, the narrative in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" was very concise, only "It was the first master who succeeded in attaining Liang, and every time he went there three times, he saw it." However, the narrative in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" was very detailed and vivid, and every time Xiangxi describes the dialogue between Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei, and the characters' language is very consistent with their respective personalities.

(9) Expansion: Appreciate the calligraphy and songs of "The Rolling Yangtze River Passes East".

(10) Content review, class summary.

(11) Assign homework.

Attachment: Blackboard writing design

Liang Zi comparison: Every time he compares himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi, no one at that time would agree.

Recommended by common people: Zhuge Kongming is also known as Wolong.

Long Bei Sanguan: Whenever you go three times, you will see.

Caosun Ji

Analysis of the political situation and Jing Yishi

Advantages of lieutenant generals

Proposed countermeasures:

There are Jingyi across the road, and the rocks are blocked

Formulate strategic policies to conquer the Rong in the west, and push Yiyue in the south

Strategy with Sun Quan externally, and cultivate political principles internally

When the world changes, then...

Be highly praised: A lonely person has a hole in it, just like a fish has water.

Teaching reflection:

"Longzhong Dui" is a text in the second unit of the first volume of ninth grade. Considering that this lesson involves a lot of content, it is beneficial to junior high school students Integration of knowledge, so I designed the above teaching ideas, and overall the effect is very good. Because I have learned "Teaching a Teacher" in the first volume of the seventh grade as a foundation, I consciously expanded the teaching design horizontally and vertically. Through teaching practice, I further realized that it is important to mobilize students' enthusiasm in class. If their thinking can be truly active, students' understanding and perception abilities will be greatly improved, and our classroom teaching will be more effective with half the effort. .

Of course, there is no fixed method for teaching and there is no end to learning. Like all the classes I have taken, this class still has shortcomings. For example, when students summarize the key points of Zhuge Liang's countermeasures, the language is not concise enough, the key points are not comprehensive enough, and they are not aware of the politics, economy, military, etc. involved in the dialogue. In this regard, teachers need to carefully design inspiring guides.