Introduction to study tour

Confucius is famous for traveling around the world. He has led students around mountains and rivers, extensively seeking knowledge, enriching experience, inspecting political style and people's feelings, and propagating ritual and music culture 14 years. He can be regarded as a pioneer and model of reading and traveling in the world. China has received people from Europe, Japan, Ryukyu, Russia, North Korea, Jiaozhi and other countries to study and travel in China. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, China's study tour was very popular. Ma Lu, a Japanese student from Abe Middle School, studied in Chang 'an Imperial College at the age of 65,438+09 and later became a scholar. He served as secretary of the Economic and Social Affairs Bureau, school editor, left-wing editor, left-wing supervisor and Wei. Xuanzong was very happy to be named Chao Heng [65,438+0]. He studied and traveled in China for 53 years. Tang Xuanzang's learning from the West and learning from the scriptures were also immortal. After that, Kelpolo worked in the Yuan Dynasty and studied in 17, and wrote the famous The Travels of Marco Polo. In the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728), the Russian Museum was also established in imperial academy. Tao Xingzhi also advocated study tour, actively promoted the "Xin 'an Primary School Long-distance Study Tour Group" to tour the whole country, showed anti-Japanese films and sold progressive books, newspapers, speeches and labor, which became a famous "new study tour" at home and abroad at that time. The Song of Xin 'an Tour Group composed by him and Tian Han became a famous song in 1930s [2].

Ancient Greece and Rome are the cradles of European civilization, where ancient western philosophers, scientists and sociologists first started their study tour. Pythagoras, Archimedes, Aristotle and other sages all formed their own works and academic thoughts through exchanges, inspections and lectures in various countries. The climax of European study tour arose in the "Grand Tourism" movement in the17th century. At first, it was a "roaming study tour" for aristocratic children from Britain and Germany to study in France and Italy. As Adam Smith said, "in Britain, young people are sent to travel abroad as soon as they graduate from middle school, but they don't wait until they enter university." This has become an increasingly strong social atmosphere. It is generally believed that our young people will make great progress after returning from their travels. " Tourists learn language, culture, social art, etiquette, etc. While visiting famous mountains and rivers, ancient city ruins and cultural relics. The number of tourists has gradually expanded to adults and become a way of life of the intellectual class and the upper class [3]. Today, it is still popular in Britain to let students drop out of school after graduating from high school and carry out social activities such as tourism. However, the word "study tour" originated from Japan, which has encouraged study tour since the Meiji Restoration. It stipulates in the syllabus that primary school students should do social studies in this city for several days each year, junior high school students should do social studies in the whole country for several days each year, and senior high school students should do social studies around the world for several days each year, which is called "study tour". The number of overseas students has reached 1998. Nowadays, students' organized and planned study tour has become an organic part of quality education in developed countries. According to the statistics of the International Student Travel Federation, which is headquartered in Copenhagen, Denmark, in the early 1990s, the association sold more than 1.5 million travel discount cards specifically for young students every year [4]; The government of Bavaria, Germany, explicitly wrote the study tour and its carrier-youth hostel into the local education law, and made clear provisions on the course, method and time of study tour.

2. The development status of study tour in China.

After the reform and opening-up, cultural exchanges between China and other countries in the world are increasing. As a distinctive and meaningful special tourism project, study tour shows a vigorous development trend. This paper introduces its present situation from three aspects: inbound tourism, outbound tourism and domestic study tour:

(1) inbound study tour. It has become one of the most dynamic and potential gold tourism markets in China. 1) From the perspective of resources, the areas rich in historical and cultural resources in China are concentrated in the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, mainly in Shaanxi, Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Beijing and Shanghai; 2) From the perspective of product development, there are many kinds of study tours, such as a series of tourism products designed by Suzhou with local characteristics and representing the essence of China culture: religious theme tour with Hanshan Temple as the carrier, Wu culture series calligraphy and painting tour with Wumen calligraphy and painting as the carrier, World Expo heritage tour with classical gardens as the carrier, traditional opera tour with Pingtan Kunqu opera as the carrier, arts and crafts practice tour with Suzhou embroidery silk as the feature, and aunt tour with Suzhou special catering as the selling point. In addition, there are hutong tours, calligraphy tours, Buddhism tours, famous schools tours, and literati hometown tours. 3) From the perspective of market and tourists, tourists studying in these areas are mainly overseas, and overseas scholars come from all over the world, mainly in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea; Organized large-scale cross-regional domestic study tour has not yet entered the development stage; 4) From the point of view of attention and practice in various places, taking Beijing and Shanghai as the forerunner, 1993, Beijing set up a special reception committee for Japanese teenagers' study tour activities, and in 2003, Shanghai set up a "study tour center", and also compiled and published a study tour handbook, inviting more than 120 overseas principals to attend the opening ceremony of study tour activities. 5) From the development trend, the developed areas of study tour have stepped out of the primary development stage, moved from disorder to order, and began to consciously cultivate the brand of study tour. All localities are striving to build the core products and brand of study tour. For example, Suzhou has carefully created and developed "active study tour" and regarded it as an opportunity to integrate into the international community. Qufu is taking Confucius' hometown as the historical background, supplemented by the study tour resources of relevant cities in Shandong Province, and constructing the industrial pattern of great culture and great study tour. By holding Confucius study tour festival, we can explore and fully display Qufu's rich humanistic connotation, innovate cultural experience tourism products, enhance the cultural character of Confucius tourism, and build the first brand of study tour in China. Liu, deputy director of Qufu Tourism Bureau, said: "In the long run, we will build a study tour.

(2) outbound tourism. It is a hot product and topic in China's study tour market in recent years. It is mainly composed of primary and secondary school students, and its destinations are mainly English-speaking countries such as Britain and the United States, and there are not a few people who go to Japan, South Korea and Singapore. Most of them are organized by travel agencies and study abroad agencies. The selling point is to learn English conversation and feel foreign higher education. Most of the purpose is to prepare students for studying abroad in the future. This kind of study tour has a strong profit purpose, so the study tour content of the activity itself is generally not high and the cost is high, which has become an aristocratic consumption project.

(3) domestic study tour. With the transformation of China's educational model from "exam-oriented education" to "quality education", domestic study tour, as a traditional and modern means of quality education, has been widely concerned and gradually emerged and popularized. However, the current study tour lacks policy support. In 2008, Guangdong Province took the lead in making study tour a compulsory course for primary and secondary schools and writing it into the syllabus. Specific promotion measures are still under discussion. Second, the study tour project lacks planning and design. No matter from the establishment of concept, the design of specific projects or the implementation plan, we should plan our domestic study tour from the height of national strategy, national quality education and national human resources development. Third, the breadth and depth of study tour refers to the spatial span of study tour behavior. The existing study tours in primary and secondary schools in China are mainly spring tours, popular science tours and second-class interest activities, and cross-city or even inter-provincial study tours are rarely reported; Depth refers to the far-reaching consideration of the influence of study tour design on the quality of scholars, which is reflected in all levels and aspects. As far as project design is concerned, we should get rid of the monotonous, superficial and formalistic status quo. Although many new forms such as pro-poor tours and animation tours have been developed in recent years, they can directly integrate political, economic, cultural and professional experience and guidance like foreign countries. On the other hand, depth refers to the in-depth participation and profound experience of the project.

Although study tour has existed since ancient times, it has developed rapidly and has a huge market; However, as an independent tourism product that represents a certain future trend in a certain sense, the theoretical system research is not yet mature, and its concept, nature, characteristics, classification, market and other issues need to be deeply discussed by tourism practitioners and theoretical workers to form a theoretical system.