Overview of scenic spots and tourism resources

The protection of tourism resources refers to maintaining the intrinsic value of resources, preventing resources from being destroyed and polluted, maintaining the original features of natural and human landscapes, and managing the destroyed tourism resources.

The protection of tourism resources includes the protection of scenery, landscape, environment and artistic conception formed by tourism resources. Among them, the scenery is natural scenery such as strange pines, strange rocks and forest vegetation, as well as ancient and modern man-made moving objects and historical sites.

Landscape is the kind of picture that exists with the landscape, including other secondary scenery that sets off the landscape.

Environment is the spatial environment where the scenery exists. Artistic conception refers to the environmental atmosphere, that is, the feeling that the environment gives people. Tourism resources are one of the necessary conditions for the development of tourism and an important part of tourism products. Without tourism resources, tourism has no foundation for its existence and development. However, tourism resources are fragile and often damaged to varying degrees. Some can repair themselves after a certain period of time, while others will cause irreparable losses, weakening and damaging the attraction of tourist destinations. Protecting tourism resources means protecting the development of tourism. Tourism resources cover a wide range, both natural tourism resources endowed by nature and humanistic tourism resources created by human activities.

Among them, the former is an important part of the ecological environment, and the latter is an important cultural heritage. Protecting tourism resources plays a decisive role in protecting the ecological environment and culture of tourist destinations. [ 1]

2. What are the similarities and differences between tourist attractions and tourist resources?

Dialectical relationship between development and protection

The development of tourism resources is the basis and premise of tourism development, but in a sense, development is both a kind of protection and a kind of destruction. On the one hand, the development of tourism resources will improve and beautify the resource environment, and the tourism income brought by development will also create economic conditions for resource protection. On the other hand, the environmental pollution caused by tourism development, the uncivilized behavior of tourists and the impact of foreign cultures will all cause damage to tourism resources. The development and protection of tourism resources are interrelated and contradictory, which is the dialectical unity of contradictions. They can improve the relationship between tourism resources and environment and promote the sustainable development of tourism.

(1) Development and protection are interrelated and interdependent.

1. Protection is the premise of development and development, and protection is for better development. Tourism resources are the basis and premise for tourists to carry out tourism activities. Once destroyed, tourism lost its dependence and did not develop at all. Therefore, protection is the premise of development and the main contradiction between development and protection. Red grassland is rich in tourism resources, many of which are national or even world-class, especially wetland grassland and Amdo nomadic culture. In view of the current objective conditions, these natural and cultural tourism resources may not be fully developed. So it's best to protect it first. However, how to develop some tourism resources is still controversial. After development, it involves environmental, social, economic and sustainable development issues, so it can be protected first and then developed.

2. Development is the necessary embodiment of protection and the foundation and premise of tourism development. From the perspective of sustainable development of tourism, resource protection is ultimately for the better development of tourism. Therefore, it is of practical economic and social significance to develop and utilize tourism resources, attract tourists and give full play to their functions and benefits. The necessity of tourism resources protection can only be reflected through development. The development of tourism resources is the forerunner of tourism development and the full embodiment of the value of tourism resources. For example, Maiwa Temple, the oldest and largest Buddhist temple in northwest Sichuan, is a window for the outside world to understand Tibetan Buddhist culture. Only through rational development can we go to the world and become a Buddhist holy land with world influence, and can we fully reflect its protection value. along with

With the development of society, the improvement of people's quality and the improvement of people's material and cultural living standards, the demand for American tourism is diversified and complicated. It has become a new direction of tourism development to develop tourism resources that can reflect national characteristics and eco-tourism products with the theme of environmental protection and sustainable development. At present, there are tourism products for tourists to choose from in Hongyuan Prairie.

3. Development itself means protection. Under normal circumstances, the rational and scientific development of tourism resources is to update tourism resources, rather than let them protect themselves to extend their life cycle. Improve and beautify tourism resources and environment, and increase their accessibility; Or collect and sort out humanistic tourism resources to reproduce its glory. At the same time, part of the tourism income brought by the development of tourism resources can also be returned to resource areas in various forms for environmental reconstruction, infrastructure and environmental construction in resource areas. In this sense, development is protection. Hongyuan county declared AAA scenic spot of Hongyuan prairie, and formulated Measures for Tourism Management in Hongyuan County and Measures for Pastoral Music Management in Hongyuan County. These measures are the first protection network of human and natural tourism resources in Hongyuan grassland.

(2) Protection and development are contradictory.

1. To some extent, development is also a kind of destruction. Including damage caused by tourism development and damage caused by non-tourism development. Although the destruction of tourism resources is not only caused by development, but also by other social and cultural reasons, the destruction caused by development is obvious, which runs counter to the protection of resources.

First of all, the development of tourism resources will inevitably cause some damage. The development of tourism resources requires proper construction of resource land on the premise of local destruction. It can be said that there is no development without destruction, and it is natural to destroy and develop to a certain extent. As tourism is a new industry, extensive development mode is widespread at present, which brings positive development as well as destruction. Moon Bay, the landmark scenic spot of Hongyuan grassland, is an example. Because of capital investment and technical constraints, the vegetation and environment of the Moon Bay observation deck have been damaged to varying degrees. That kind of blind and predatory development has caused waste of tourism resources, environmental pollution and ecological imbalance, which is a serious damage to tourism resources.

Secondly, from the human point of view, the development of tourism resources will also have a great destructive effect. Due to poor management, tourists often flood into resources beyond their carrying capacity, thus causing fatal damage to the resources themselves. The noise brought by a large number of tourists destroyed the solemn atmosphere of the temple; Uncivilized behaviors such as graffiti and rambling by tourists here are a great damage to tourism resources.

Thirdly, due to the cultural attributes of tourism resources (especially humanistic tourism resources), the impact of foreign culture brought by development may also be a devastating blow to tourism resources. Although the communication and influence between tourists and the resource location and the interaction between the two cultures are mutual and two-way, in fact, the impact and influence of foreign cultures and tourists on the resource location (tourist destination) is far greater than the influence of the resource location they accept. The development of tourism has brought many negative effects, such as the emergence and development of prostitution, crime and gambling, the change of residents' concept and consciousness of resource location, the change of economic situation, economic consciousness, aesthetic tendency and social relations of tourist destinations, and the assimilation and vulgarization of folk customs. Directly or indirectly destroyed tourism resources and their environment.

2. Conservative protection hinders development. Because of the fear of damage caused by development, it is easy to nip in the bud, leading to one-sided emphasis on protection, thus ignoring the development of resources. Without one-sided protection of resources, the value of resources itself will not be reflected, and tourism will not develop.

3. The relationship between tourist attractions and tourist resources.

A scenic spot refers to an independent administrative area that has a clear regional place, attracts domestic and foreign tourists, and can meet the tourism needs of tourists such as sightseeing, entertainment, fitness and knowledge.

Tourist destination: it is a place that attracts tourists to stay and visit here for a short time. Tourist passage connects tourist source and destination, and it is a bridge of the whole tourism system. Their underground definition of tourism purpose is to organically combine tourism resources in a certain geographical space with special tourism facilities, tourism infrastructure and other related conditions, and become a place for staying and activities of tourist destinations, that is, tourist destinations. In different situations, tourist destinations are sometimes called tourist destinations or tourist resorts.

Visiting relatives and friends, working and traveling on an auspicious day, a good omen begins with choosing a good auspicious day trip.

Contact: tourist attractions are included in tourist destinations, but the concept of tourist destinations is broader.

4. Integration of tourist attractions and tourist resources

With the outbreak of tourism, tourism safety incidents have attracted more and more attention. Due to poor management, inadequate preventive measures and uncontrollable scenic spots, there are many problems and pain points in the management and operation of traditional scenic spots:

There is no unified management platform in the scenic spot, each system is independent of each other, and there are information islands;

The system data for operation, logistics and tourists are scattered, and the management ability and efficiency of scenic spots are low, so managers can't understand the actual operation of the system;

It is difficult for the system to give quick feedback. In the face of unexpected situations, it can warn in advance, understand in time and deal with them quickly.

In the era of big data, the wisdom of scenic spots has not only stayed in the visible services such as scanning code into the park and intelligent tour guides. The refined management of scenic spots has become an important development direction of smart tourism.

Wisdom Flower Bay: Safe, green and intelligent, suitable for swimming!

This is the tourists' evaluation of Flower Shop Bay. Compared with traditional scenic spots, where is the wisdom of Flower Shop Bay?

Dynamic visualization of scenic spot management;

Can take the initiative to call the police in case of emergency;

Linkage can trigger scheduling;

Deep data mining and comprehensive analysis.

(3) In Nianhuawan Scenic Area, the management department can grasp the overall operation of the scenic spot through a platform and perceive all-round information of the scenic spot in real time. So, how is this intelligent platform built?

Based on the enterprise development strategy and core business, Huadian Bay Scenic Area cooperates with Lang Kun Wisdom to build a safe and intelligent operation control platform for Huadian Bay Scenic Area and install a smart brain for the scenic area! Use information technology to comprehensively improve the management level of scenic spots, provide tourists with a safer, more convenient and more comfortable tourism environment, and realize the intelligence of tourism service, management and marketing.

The platform is based on Lang Kun LiEMS platform, integrates all kinds of smart tourism business systems and sub-platforms in scenic spots, and comprehensively manages the information, safety, monitoring, inspection, emergency, management and control of scenic spots, so as to realize target responsibility, system management, education and training, equipment and facilities, fire safety, occupational health, related party safety, operation safety, food safety, potential risks, emergency management, accident management and operation management.

On the operation monitoring screen of Nianhuawan Smart Scenic Area, the statistics of safety operation days, safety investment indicators, personnel training statistics, fire control facilities distribution map, personnel holding rate, special equipment expiration monitoring, safety production scoring, hidden dangers rectification, environmental monitoring and so on can be seen at a glance. Large screen indicators are dynamic data, updated regularly; Cockpit graphic data, accurate images; Information can be penetrated and business can be tracked; Auxiliary decision-making is deeper and more thorough, which makes the scenic spot data come alive.

The platform has established an emergency plan system for safety accidents, stored emergency materials, established a management ledger, and conducted regular inspection and maintenance. Based on the emergency management system, early warning and alarm are given for security incidents in scenic spots. Once the scenic spot is in danger, the emergency command center can call the relevant monitoring screen for emergency response and command the relevant pe.

Combined with the current situation and actual demand of scenic spot management, the comprehensive solution of smart scenic spots created by Lang Kun highly integrates tourism market, tourism management and tourism marketing, so that the resources and information of scenic spots can be systematically integrated and deeply developed and applied, and the safety of scenic spots can be guaranteed.

5. Differences and connections between tourist attractions and tourist resources.

The development of tourism resources includes the development of a single tourism resource, the comprehensive development of various tourism resources and the development of a tourist spot or destination. The main contents of development include:

(1) Improving the accessibility of tourist destinations: refers to the smooth and convenient traffic connection between tourist resources and the outside world and internal traffic conditions.

(2) Construction and improvement of tourism infrastructure: refers to the tourism facilities that are mainly used by local residents and tourists also need to rely on. Such as water, electricity and gas systems; Roads, stations, docks, airports, etc. Hospitals, banks, etc.

(3) Tourism superstructure (or service facilities) construction: service facilities mainly used by foreign tourists. Such as hotels, information centers, souvenir shops and entertainment places.

(4) Development, construction and management of tourist attractions: including the development of new attractions, as well as the transformation and renewal of existing attractions.

(5) The function of training service personnel to expand information tourism resources refers to its utility and value to human society. The utility and value of tourism resources are mainly divided into two aspects:

First, for tourists, its functions are mainly manifested in three aspects: viewing leisure, entertainment and fitness, and increasing knowledge and mind, among which viewing leisure is the most basic function of tourism resources;

Secondly, for tourism destination countries or regions and their tourism operators, its role is mainly manifested in the economic, social and environmental benefits achieved.

6. The relationship between tourist attractions and tourist resources

A: The difference is: the difference in scope. Small scenic spots, big tourist areas. The so-called scenic spot is an area that people can visit according to certain landscape resources and characteristics. Tourist area is a large area which is connected by several scenic spots and wind attractions through traffic routes and can be used for people to travel. One is a tourist attraction and the other is a tourist area; Small field is big, then this is the difference.

7. Evaluation criteria of tourist attractions and tourist resources

According to the relevant provisions of the Measures for the Administration of Quality Grading of Tourist Attractions (Order No.23 of the National Tourism Administration) and the National Standard Classification and Evaluation of Quality Grading of Tourist Attractions (GB/T 17775-2003), these Detailed Rules are formulated. These rules are divided into three parts:

Detailed Rules for Scoring Service Quality and Environmental Quality

1. These rules *** 1000 integral is divided into eight major items. The scores of each major item are: tourist flow130; Travel 235 points; Travel safety 80 points; Health 140; Posts and telecommunications service industry 20 points; 50 points for shopping; Comprehensive management 200 points; Resources and environmental protection, 145.

2.5A scenic spot requires 950 points, 4A scenic spot 850 points, 3A scenic spot 750 points, 2A scenic spot 600 points and 1A scenic spot 500 points.

Two. Detailed rules for landscape quality scoring

1. These rules are divided into two evaluation items and nine evaluation factors, and the total score is 100. The attraction of resources is 65 points, and the attraction of market is 35 points. Each evaluation factor is divided into four evaluation scores.

2. When scoring, the evaluation team members score the evaluation items and evaluation factors respectively, and finally get the total score by arithmetic average.

3. Basic types of scale and abundance evaluation factors.

4.5A scenic spot needs 90 points, 4A scenic spot needs 80 points, 3A scenic spot needs 70 points, 2A scenic spot needs 60 points, and 1A scenic spot needs 50 points.

Rule 3: Views on tourist classification rules.

1. The quality grade of tourist attractions is to score tourists according to their comprehensive satisfaction with tourist attractions. 2. The comprehensive satisfaction of tourist survey mainly refers to the classification, investigation and evaluation of tourism resources.

3. The questionnaire of tourists' opinions in scenic spots will be distributed, recycled and counted directly to tourists by on-site evaluation I..

5 tourist scenic spots tourist opinion questionnaire should be distributed randomly. In principle, the distribution target shall not be less than three tourist groups, and pay attention to the balance of gender, age, occupation and consumption level of tourists.

6. Comprehensive satisfaction rating method for tourists:

(1) Total tourist satisfaction score 100.

(2) Scoring criteria:

The overall impression is 20 points. Among them, satisfaction is 20 points, satisfaction 15 points, general satisfaction 10 points, and dissatisfaction is 0 points.

Other 16 items are out of 5 points, and ***80 points. Of all the projects, 5 points are satisfactory, 3 points are satisfactory, 2 points are average, and 0 point is unsatisfactory.

(3) Scoring method: First, calculate the arithmetic average of all items in the tourist opinion questionnaire of tourist attractions, and then add the arithmetic average of this 17 item as the comprehensive score of this tourist opinion evaluation. If no single item is filled in all questionnaires, the average score of other items (except the overall impression item) will be included in the total score.

7. The minimum requirements for comprehensive evaluation of tourists are as follows: the quality grade of tourist attractions.

5A Tourist attractions: 90 points

4A Tourist attraction level: 80 points

A-level tourist attractions: 70 points

Secondary tourist attractions: 60 points

A-level tourist attractions: 50 points

The study of tourism resources from 20 10 to 20 15 will promote the development of tourism. Tourism resources are the raw materials and foundation of tourism products, and their tourism and leisure needs affect the scope of river basin resources. The development of convective resources forms scenic spots, and the combination of scenic spots forms tourism products. The study of tourism resources can promote the sustainable development of tourism resources, effectively ensure scientific management and actively build sustainable tourism resources.