What are the characteristics of the development stages of the life cycle evolution of tourist destinations?

Although Butler's life cycle stage model theory can grasp and analyze the macro-development process of a tourist destination as a whole, it lacks the corresponding analysis and description of socio-economic indicators such as tourist types, tourist numbers and tourism products. In this regard, Arendt and Gates have made further in-depth research and given the characteristics of each stage of the life cycle of tourist destinations. See Table 6-65438+ for details.

In the initial stage of tourism development, natural and cultural attractions attracted a few "multi-center" tourists or explorers. At this time, there are few special tourist service facilities in tourist destinations, and the number of tourists increases. Local residents provide simple tourist services for tourists and make advertisements to promote tourist destinations. The tourism market is seasonal and regional, and tourism investment mainly comes from the local area. Public investment began to pay attention to the rapid growth of the number of tourists in the development stage of tourism infrastructure construction and had a clear source of tourists; A large number of foreign investment has brought a large number of tourist facilities and services to tourist destinations and controlled the local tourism industry; Man-made tourist attractions appear and gradually replace the original natural and cultural tourist attractions; A large number of tourist advertisements attract more tourists; "Intermediate" tourists replace "multi-center" tourists, and the phenomenon of over-utilization of tourism facilities and deterioration of tourism environment begins to appear. The growth rate of tourists decreased in the consolidation stage. In order to alleviate the seasonal differences in the tourism market and open up new tourism markets, more tourism advertisements appear, and "self-centered" tourists come in droves; The functional zoning of tourist destinations is clear, and local residents feel the importance of tourism. At the stagnation stage, the peak number of tourists has arrived, which has reached or exceeded the tourism capacity. Tourism image is divorced from the environment, and tourism destinations are no longer fashionable; Tourist destinations rely on conservative "repeat customers"; A large number of tourist facilities have been commercialized, and the owners of the tourism industry have changed frequently. In the decline stage of the peripheral areas of tourist destinations, tourists are lost, and tourist destinations rely on day trips and weekend trips in the surrounding areas to support them. The nature of tourist destinations often changes, and tourist facilities are used for other purposes; Local investment once again replaces foreign investment. In the recovery stage, completely new tourist attractions replace the original tourist attractions and develop new tourist resources.