What are the characteristics of Shanhaiguan?

“The first pass in the world” is the world-famous historical city of Shanhaiguan.

Xiongguan is a key pass and has become the key link from North China to Northeast China. The ancients called it "the key to the two capitals and the first pass of the Great Wall." It is indeed well deserved. It has a superior location, dangerous situation, numerous cultural relics, pleasant climate, and gorgeous scenery. It is also a tourist attraction that tourists yearn for.

The reason why Shanhaiguan is known as "the first pass in the world" is that it is the first pass at the eastern starting point of the Great Wall in terms of geographical location; and secondly, in terms of geographical situation, it is surrounded by mountains and sea. The strong pass is a locked pass, making it easy to defend but difficult to attack. Shanhaiguan, the eastern starting point of the Great Wall, has become the representative title of "Guan" since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially in modern history.

Situated 7.5 kilometers apart between the mountains and the sea, the Great Wall runs from north to south, and Shanhaiguan City is tightly connected to the pass. Moreover, the steep mountains in the east are a natural barrier and the stone river in the west has become a natural moat, thus forming a veritable strategic location.

Shanhaiguan has a long history and rich culture. As far back as the Neolithic Age, this place was already a place where people worked and lived. Shanhaiguan faces the Bohai Sea to the south and faces the Liaodong Peninsula and Shandong Peninsula across the sea. Since ancient times, it has been connected to all seas and is "easily accessible by sailing". The east-west crossing is at the forefront. Jieshi Port, formed during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, is one of the five major ports in ancient my country.

The first gate in the world is the east gate of Shanhaiguan, also known as "Zhendong Tower". Its specifications, according to the "Linyu County Chronicle": "The building built at the east gate is three feet high, with two floors, the upper floor is five feet high, the lower floor is six feet, and the depth is half and half. The highest level in the world is the Mingxiao Sword. "Things are revealed in the book."

The first gate tower in the world is actually in the form of an arrow tower. According to actual measurement, the city platform is 12 meters high, the city tower is 13 meters high, the tower is 10.1 meters wide from east to west, and 19.7 meters long from north to south. The building is divided into two floors, the first floor is 5.7 meters high and the second floor is 8 meters high (including the kissing ridge). The tower building has a double-eaves roof with a resting mountain, and the top ridge is symmetrical with a double kiss. The lower part is a brick and wood structure. The four-corner eaves are decorated with ridged animals of different shapes, which are beautiful and lifelike. Inside and outside the tower, there are three wooden plaques with black characters on a white ground "The First Pass in the World" hung on the top and bottom of the tower: the first floor of the building is the original plaque, the second floor is the re-engraving of Yansai Lake by Wang Zhiqing in the fifth year of Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty, and the second floor is The inside is a copy of Yang Baoqing's hook in the ninth year of the Republic of China.

The plaque "The First Pass in the World" is more than 5 meters long and 1.5 meters high, and each word is more than one meter long. The calligraphy is in regular script, the writing is vigorous and vigorous, and it is integrated with the style of the tower. It can be called a masterpiece of ancient and modern times.

Climb up to the first gate tower, look at the Bohai Sea in the south, the vast mist, and the Great Wall in the north, with strict barriers, which makes you feel like you are on an ancient battlefield. There are four buildings to the left and right of the "No. 1 Gate in the World" tower, namely Jingbian Tower, Muying Tower, Linlu Tower and Weiyuan Hall.

Laolongtou is the eastern starting point of the Ming Great Wall, located on the coastal highland 5 kilometers south of Shanhaiguan City. The reason why this place is called "Old Dragon Head" is because people compare the Great Wall to a giant dragon. This dragon walks through the desert, climbs Helan and crosses Taihang, descends from Yanshan Mountain, speeds towards the Bohai Sea, and stretches along the Western Liaoning Corridor. After finishing the knot, a mountain and sea pass was erected, and then the neck was led into the sea. The part entering the sea is the old dragon head.

Laolongtou is an important part of the Great Wall. It forms a horn with the Jiaoshan Great Wall in the north and Weiyuan City in the east, guarding Shanhaiguan City. During the more than 260 years from the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty to the Chongzhen period in the late Ming Dynasty, Laolongtou was continuously built and gradually improved. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that the inside and outside of the Great Wall became unified, and the Old Dragon Head lost its role as a military defense and became a tourist attraction for emperors, generals, literati and scholars. Since the founding of the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang have all visited Laolongtou many times. Among them, Emperor Qianlong came here four times to climb the tower and view the sea, leaving behind a large number of poems and calligraphy treasures. The "Heaven Opens and Sea Mountains" stele on Laolong's head is said to be a relic of the Tang Dynasty. These four words express the charm of the wonderful landscape "Looking at the sky, the vast sky is blue, and the heaven and earth are suitable for it". Laolongtou is one of the "Top 40 Tourist Attractions in China" and a national 4A-level scenic spot. Climb up the old dragon's head and face the turbulent sea with vast clouds and water. You can enjoy the spectacular scenery of "The Great Wall spans the dragon's head for thousands of miles, and you can see Gauguin climbing upstairs, the strong wind blows, the sun and clouds rush together, and the huge waves empty the snow and float". , producing endless reveries.

Tour items: Climb the Chenghai Tower and lean on the railing to overlook the past and reflect on the present. The site will be on the platform and think about the sound of war drums; visit the sea stone city, Jinglutai, Nanhai Pass, Ninghai City, etc. to learn about this sea The vicissitudes of history of the fortress.

Meng Jiangnu Temple, also called Zhennu Temple, is located on Fenghuang Mountain about 6 kilometers east of Shanhaiguan City. It is said that it was built before the Song Dynasty. The story of Meng Jiangnu is one of the four major Chinese folk legends. Later generations admired Meng Jiangnu's loyalty and lamented her loyalty, so they built this temple. The existing Meng Jiangnu Temple embodies the architectural style of the Ming Dynasty. In front of the temple, there are 108 pedestrian stone staircases built against the mountain. There is a plaque with the name "Zhennu Temple" on the mountain gate. The front hall hangs a unique couplet that is famous throughout the country. The first couplet is "Sea Water". "The clouds are falling, the clouds are falling", and the second line is "The clouds are growing and disappearing". In September 1992, the Shanhaiguan District Government built the Meng Jiangnu Garden, a large cultural garden based on the legend of Meng Jiangnu, on the north side of the Meng Jiangnu Temple. The garden takes the legend of "Jiang Nu Qianli to find her husband and weeps down the Great Wall" as the main line. After watching twenty scenes such as "Crying the Cold Clothes at Night", "Ten Thousand Men Building the City", "Watching the Husband's Concave Stone" and "Crying Down the Great Wall", You will experience this touching love story more deeply.

Jiaoshan Mountain is a majestic and rolling mountain that serves as a natural barrier to Shanhaiguan.

From the front mountain, you can overlook Guancheng and the sea; from the back mountain, you can admire the mountains and Yansai Lake, the "Guilin of the North". Climbing up to the Enemy Tower on Jiaoshan Mountain, you can see the cliffs nearby. You can see the undulating peaks in the distance. The sea seems to be at your feet. The Great Wall hangs upside down in the mountains. There is a poem that says, "Since ancient times, the Great Wall has been dangerous. The natural pass is at Jiaoshan. The Great Wall hangs upside down on the peak. Looking down at Guancheng in front of you." ". Watching it makes people full of interest and thoughts, and fully appreciate the heroic spirit of "if you don't visit the Great Wall, you are not a hero". Kakuyama is not only an important place, but also has many scenic spots. Qixian Temple, located on the mountainside, was built in the early Ming Dynasty. It was a secluded place for scholars such as Xiao Xian and Zhan Rong to study and live in seclusion during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The peak behind Jiaoshan Mountain is named "Weichun Mountain". After Xiao Xian resigned from Fujian and returned to his hometown, he built a draft hall here, named "Weichun Villa", and he spent his whole life traveling here. Jiaoshan has beautiful scenery and quiet environment. It is really a good place to explore the ancient times.

Tourist items: Above the mountains and trees, the Jiaoshan Tourist Cableway flies across the sky, leading to Qixian Temple. Sitting on the hanging chair, watching the Great Wall winding up and down, listening to the long and gentle ringing of the ancient temple bells, you feel like a fairy. The stars are faint and the morning light is slightly dew. When you climb Jiaoshan Mountain and look down to the south, you can see the beautiful rising sun gushing out from the sea and sky, surrounded by golden clouds. People call this scene "Ruilian holding the sun", and the viewer is intoxicated. Jiaoshan has an outing festival in spring and a climbing festival in autumn. You can pack your bags and go hiking.

Shoushan, Changshou Mountain Scenic Area is located 8.5 kilometers northeast of Shanhaiguan City. It is connected to the remaining veins of Yanshan Mountain. Based on the natural scenery of Changshou Mountain and with the theme of longevity and longevity, it allows you to understand longevity and longevity. The true meaning of. President Jiang visited the scenic spot on August 12, 1995 and spoke highly of it. Changshou Mountain is very rich in humanistic resources. There is the "Magic Doctor Grotto" mainly composed of statues of famous ancient doctors such as Hua Tuo, Zhang Zhongjing, Li Shizhen, and Song Ci. In the forest of longevity steles, the Shoushan rocks of different sizes are engraved with the character "longevity" written by famous Chinese calligraphers from different dynasties and different fonts, fully demonstrating the artistic charm of Chinese calligraphy.

Yansai Lake, Yansai Lake Natural Scenic Area, is located at the foot of Yanshan Mountain and within the famous tourist city of Shanhaiguan. It is an important part of Changshou Mountain National Forest Park. Yansai Lake, also known as Shihe Reservoir, is a natural moat in the military fortress of Shanhaiguan. Ethnic military conflicts in the Sui, Tang, Liao and Jin dynasties often occurred here. Li Zicheng, the leader of the peasant uprising army in the late Ming Dynasty, led a 200,000-strong army to fight against Wu Sangui, the commander-in-chief of Jiliao in the Ming Dynasty, and Dorgon, the general of the Qing Dynasty, on both sides of the Shihe River; the two Zhili-Fengtian wars in the Beiyang period also took place here; in January 1933, the Japanese invading army Attacking North China, the patriotic general General He Zhuguo also fought here. Nowadays, the cliffs along Yansai Lake are in various shapes, and the natural landscape is dotted with green pines and cypresses, wild apricots and peaches. It is known as the "Little Guilin" and "Little Three Gorges" in the north. There is a Birdsong Forest in the Yansai Lake Scenic Area, which is a leisure paradise for sightseeing and bird performances. There are more than 2,000 rare birds of more than 100 species, including black swans and red-crowned cranes, which are of high ornamental value and interest. .

Shanhaiguan Great Wall Museum is located 200 meters south of the "First Pass in the World" tower, covering an area of ??12,000 square meters. The display area is 124,752 meters. The whole museum is divided into 6 exhibition halls and 8 exhibition rooms, with attached special exhibition hall and film and television hall. Through historical documents, precious cultural relics, models, and photos, it focuses on the history of the Great Wall of China and the historical features of the Ming Dynasty Great Wall in Shanhaiguan. It is one of the patriotic education bases in Qinhuangdao City.

Shanhaiguan Happy Ocean Park is a park based on blue sky, blue sea and golden sand; it integrates viewing, entertainment, leisure, dynamic stimulation, sports participation and popular science education; it is based on undersea sightseeing, water entertainment and large-scale marine breast-feeding It is a high-end, environmentally friendly and ecological urban seaside park with the theme of animal exhibitions and cultural performances. Visitors can not only see groups of dolphins, sea lions, beluga whales, seals, walruses, polar bears, fur seals and penguins in the park, but also see wonderful performances by sea lions, dolphins and beluga whales; they can take a submarine for sightseeing or dive with fish Let your children play, experience the fun of roaming the seabed, explore the infinite mysteries of nature, and watch special cultural performances and high-end large-scale theatrical performances.

The park is mainly divided into five functional areas.

1. Happy Bay Area

Including an artificial bay with a water surface of nearly 100,000 square meters. The two islands in the bay are a world of marine mammals.

Aquarium: With a construction area of ??1,800 square meters, a water area of ??1,200 square meters, a water depth of 5-7 meters, and a circulating water volume of 8,000 tons, it is not only the largest in the country, but also the only one truly built under the sea level. "World\" is the representative of the latest aquarium in China. In front of the 24-meter-long and 3.5-meter-high acrylic large panel window, visitors feel as if they are visiting the depths of the ocean. They can watch many varieties of rare ocean fish and the underwater performances of the "Fish Beauty"; if visitors are interested, they can also Put on your diving equipment and experience the wonderful feeling of diving and roaming the depths of the ocean.

Shark Museum: Here visitors can see more than ten types of sharks, including nearly a hundred sharks, such as great white sharks, sand tiger sharks, hammerhead sharks, sawtooth sharks and plowhead sharks. Spectacular scenes of feeding by divers and schools of sharks competing for food.

Seal Bay: There are nearly a hundred harbor seals. While watching, tourists can feed the harbor seals in a dedicated area, or wear diving suits and go into the water to play with the harbor seals.

Sea Lion Bay: The environmental design style is a seaside rocky landscape, with an area of ??about 350 square meters, of which the water area is 250 square meters, the water depth is 1-3 meters, and the water volume is about 500 tons. A special safety zone can be set up on the shore. Watch the feeding of 6 South American sea lions weighing about 300 kilograms.

Seal Dog Bay: The design style is a seaside rocky landscape, with an area of ??about 180 square meters, a water area of ??120 square meters, a water depth of 1-2.5 meters, and a water volume of 200 tons. In addition to watching from the side windows and the shore, you can also feed 10 fur seals weighing about 50 kilograms in a special safe area on the shore.

Ice and Snow World: Visitors can watch the cute polar bears, Antarctic king penguins, rare beluga whales, and walruses weighing 800 kilograms.

Undersea tunnel: built 2 meters below sea level, 15 meters long and 6 meters wide. Here tourists can experience the feeling of walking under the sea and see many marine animals.

Ocean Theater: The theater is open and integrated with the natural environment. It can accommodate 2,800 tourists at the same time to enjoy the wonderful performances of 2 sea lions, 4 dolphins and 2 beluga whales.

Submarine sightseeing: There are 10 semi-submersible sightseeing submarines with a crew of 50 people in Happy Bay, which is the first of its kind in China.

2． The water park area covers an area of ??more than 20,000 square meters and can accommodate 5,000 people to enjoy river rafting and water play at the same time. They can participate in tubular transparent slides, family raft slides, toboggan slides, gyro slides, and wave swings. There are thrilling water projects such as slides, interactive water play houses, and diving. At the same time, the park also has a special children's water play area, making it a happy paradise for children.

3. Bathing area

Using the natural beach beach to create a high-end bathing area to experience the exotic style, it is also equipped with yachts, motorboats, paragliders, low-altitude water planes, windsurfing, water bicycles, banana boats, underwater Motorcycles, underwater bicycles, flying balls, etc. participate in entertainment projects.

4. Main cultural square and small event venues

In these places, you can enjoy diving, acrobatics, water ballet, sports dance, trapeze, fashion shows, small singing and dancing, roadside jazz and Russian and other ethnic songs and dances, etc. . At night, under colorful lights, tourists can perform night swimming, night diving, night submarine sightseeing, watch water curtain movies, large-scale theatrical performances, etc. The colorful night activities will extend tourists' play time, fill the gap in night tourism and entertainment activities in our city, and improve tourist satisfaction.

5. The green leisure area

There are romantic tree-lined avenues, ancient fossil forests, sketches and sculptures of various forms. The carefully designed and constructed street bars, seafood bars, barbecue bars, beer bars, ice cream bars, fruit bars, tea gardens and fast food restaurants can not only meet the catering consumption needs of tourists, but at the same time the elegant environment and romantic atmosphere can also satisfy tourists. Get high-grade leisure and enjoyment.

It can be reached by bus No. 25, which is very suitable for children and young people.