Commentary of Shaanxi Famen Temple and commentary of scenic spot tour guide

Explanation of Shaanxi Famen Temple Part 1

Famen Temple is located in Famen Town, about 10 kilometers north of Fufeng County, Baoji City. It was built in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. This "royal temple" in the Tang Dynasty became a Buddhist holy place that the whole country looked up to because it housed the highest sacred object in Buddhism, the "finger bone relic" of Buddha Sakyamuni. Today's Famen Temple is divided into two parts: the Tang Dynasty-style old building complex (Famen Temple and Treasure Hall) and the controversial new cultural scenic spot. You can buy a ticket to enter from the old site, or you can buy a ticket to enter at Shanmen Square on the west side of the newly built cultural scenic spot.

As a tourist, if you want to see all the treasures of Famen Temple, you must visit these three places, including the underground palace and treasure hall in the former Famen Temple, as well as the Namaste Relic Pagoda in the cultural scenic area, because Three "shadow bones" (specially made of jade according to the shape and size of the real bones, for the purpose of protecting the real bones) are stored in the underground palace; the unearthed treasures offered to Buddha by the royal family of the Tang Dynasty are on display in the Treasure Hall; The most precious "Buddha's finger (real body) relic" is placed in the Namaste Relic Pagoda on the easternmost side of the cultural scenic spot. This newly built building was unfortunately rated as the top ten ugliest building one year.

If you enter the scenic spot from Shanmen Square on the west side of the cultural scenic spot, then you will see the Foguang Avenue about 1 kilometer long. On both sides of the avenue stand ten huge Buddha statues shining with golden light. At the end of the east side is the Namaste Relic Pagoda. There is a sightseeing bus on the avenue that you can take for 30 yuan round trip. You can stop when you wave. The Buddha's finger bone relics are only open to the public on the first and fifteenth day of each month of the lunar calendar, weekends and major holidays.

To the southwest of the cultural scenic spot is Famen Temple and Treasure Hall. Under the True Body Pagoda in the temple is the underground palace where the Buddha's finger relics were found. Today, you can view three "Shadow Bones" up close in the underground palace. After coming out of the underground palace, you can also wander around the clean temples. There are bell and drum towers, the main hall and the release pond, etc. in the temple, which are all typical Tang Dynasty style buildings.

In the treasure hall (also called the museum) next to it, fine cultural relics unearthed from the underground palace are on display. You can see hundreds of treasures offered to Buddha by the royal family of the Tang Dynasty, and each one is amazing. Among them are: an eight-fold treasure letter containing the relics, a twelve-ring tin staff, a pure gold pagoda, a white marble spiritual tent, secret-color porcelain, a tea set used by the emperor, etc. Some of these treasures are made of pure gold, the production techniques of some have been lost, and some are the only ones in the world. They reflect the extreme wealth of the Tang Empire at that time and the sincerity of the royal family to worship Buddha.

There are catering and accommodation services around Famen Temple, and most tourists will choose to return to Xi'an for accommodation. There is a Fo Guang Pavilion Hotel near the west side of the cultural scenic area. You can eat special vegetarian food here, but the price is very expensive. There are fast food options near the old site, or you can bring your own dry food. Shaanxi Famen Temple Explanation Part 2

Famen Temple is located in Famen Town, 10 kilometers north of Fufeng County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, 120 kilometers east of Xi'an City and 96 kilometers west of Baoji City. Famen Temple Tourist Area is a national Shaanxi Famen Temple commentary level scenic spot. It was first built in the Hengling period at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It has a history of more than 1,700 years and is known as the "ancestor of Guanzhong Pagoda Temple". The mountain gate is the gate of a Buddhist temple. Because most Buddhist temples live in mountains and forests, it is named "Shanmen". It usually has three doors, with a larger one in the middle and smaller ones on the two sides, symbolizing the "three doors of liberation", namely "empty door", "no phase door" and "no phase door". There is no gate, so "Shanmen" is also called "Sanmen", and Shanmen is also used as another name for the temple. Today's Famen Temple consists of four parts: the True Body Relic Pagoda, the Main Hall, the Underground Palace and the Famen Temple Museum (Treasure Hall).

According to expert research, Famen Temple was first built in the Northern Wei Dynasty around 499 AD. The remaining stele of Thousand Buddhas from the Northern Wei Dynasty that still exists in the temple was erected shortly after the pagoda was built. At that time it was called "Ashoka Temple" (or "Wuyou Temple"). During the Sui Dynasty, Buddhist temples all over the world were renamed Taoist temples, and Ashoka Temple was renamed Chengbao Temple. The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of Famen Temple. With its prominent status as a royal temple complex and the grand event of opening the pagoda seven times to welcome the Buddha's bones, it had a profound impact on Buddhism and politics in the Tang Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, the great ancestor Li Yuan changed the name to "Famen Temple". In the second year of Wude (619), Qin King Li Shimin saved 80 monks here and moved into Famen Temple. Huiye, a monk from Baochang Temple, became the first abbot of Famen Temple. During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, the Ashoka Pagoda was rebuilt into a four-level wooden pagoda. In the third year of Dali (786) of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty, it was renamed "Guo Guo Zhen Shen Pagoda". Since the Zhenguan period, the Tang Dynasty government has spent a lot of manpower and financial resources on the expansion and reconstruction of Famen Temple. There are more and more halls and pavilions in the temple, the pagodas have become more and more magnificent, and the area has become wider and wider. Finally, it has formed a grand temple with 24 courtyards. temple. The number of monks and nuns in the temple has grown from more than 500 during the Zhou and Wei Dynasties to more than 5,000. It is the largest temple in the "Sanfu" area.

Foguang Avenue of Famen Temple

Foguang Avenue is 1,230 meters long, 108 meters wide, and covers an area of ??about 140,000 square meters. It is a road to Buddhahood and the main landscape axis of the scenic spot. . Foguang Avenue is equipped with sutra pillars, bodhisattvas, and other landscapes. It is designed according to the Buddhist "Five Seasons of Discrimination". We compare the mountain gate to "this shore" (the present world). Foguang Avenue leads all living beings to arrive through the "Five Seasons of Discrimination". ? On the other side of the Buddha's land, one reincarnation is a great degree.

At the same time, Buddhism pays attention to the law of cause and condition. The 10 Bodhisattvas on both sides of the avenue are the cause of the Buddha, and the Buddha is the fruit of the Bodhisattva. Walking on the Buddha's Light Avenue, you can feel the process of becoming a Buddha from the cause of the Bodhisattva to the fruit of the Buddha. The Bodhisattvas on the two sides represent one Buddha, and the Buddha is in the middle. The Buddha is ourselves and the Buddha is in our hearts. Located in the boulevard on the east side of Foguang Avenue, we can see the Buddha's holy relics, which are composed of eight groups of landscape sculptures. Its main purpose is to express the human Buddha and human Buddhism. This Buddha statue is a non-consecrated Buddha statue. It has different appearances according to different ages, reflecting the great spirit of the Buddha from ordinary to holy. The eight groups of landscape sculptures presented to you in the boulevard on the west side represent the origin of the Dharma Realm. Its main purpose is to inherit the development of Buddhism after Sakyamuni's Nirvana, such as the Pure Land Sect of Chinese Buddhism, Zen Buddhism, Eight Chinese Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, Theravada Buddhism, etc.

Famen Temple Cultural Scenic Area Foguang Pavilion

Famen Temple Foguang Pavilion is located in the new cultural scenic area of ??Famen Temple. It is the only Buddhist culture experience hotel in the northwest. It is invested and built according to five-star standards and has nearly 200 guest rooms. The room is elegantly and uniquely decorated, fully equipped and uniquely designed. The meditation room is equipped with a Zen platform specifically for Zen meditators. Facilities with Buddhist cultural characteristics such as lecture halls, Zen tea rooms, vegetarian restaurants, and book bars are all available.

Shanyuanju in Famen Temple Cultural Scenic Spot

Foguang Pavilion has a vegetarian restaurant and five independent private rooms with rich Buddhist culture. Here you can enjoy professional chefs serving you Bringing innovative and special Buddhist vegetarian food and our meticulous service.

The Top Ten of Famen Temple

1. The Buddha finger relics (one gold bone and three shadow bones) unearthed from the underground palace are the only ones found in the world that have documented records and inscriptions. The confirmed relics of the true body of Sakyamuni Buddha are the highest sacred objects in the Buddhist world.

2. Famen Temple Underground Palace is the oldest, largest and highest-level pagoda underground palace discovered in the world.

3. The way in which cultural relics are displayed in the underground palace is the earliest tantric mandala of the Tang Dynasty found in the world.

4. Among the more than 27,000 coins in the underground palace, 13 tortoise-shell Kaiyuan Tongbao coins are the earliest and unique tortoise-shell coins discovered in the world.

5. A complete set of palace tea sets unearthed from the underground palace is the earliest, highest-grade, and most complete set of palace tea sets discovered in the world. Breaking the theory of the origin of Japanese tea culture

6. The two-wheeled twelve-ring large tin staff unearthed from the underground palace is 1.96 meters long. It is the oldest, largest, highest-grade, and most exquisitely crafted one discovered in the world. Buddhist ritual implements.

7. The 13 pieces of palace secret-color porcelain discovered in the underground palace are the earliest secret-color porcelain discovered in the world and confirmed by inscriptions.

8. More than 700 pieces of silk fabrics were discovered in the underground palace, covering almost all silk categories and silk weaving techniques of the Tang Dynasty. They can be called a treasure house of Tang Dynasty silk and an unprecedented discovery in Tang Dynasty silk archeology. .

9. The eight-layered treasure letter containing the fourth Buddha's finger relic is the most exquisitely made, with the most layers and the highest grade of relics found in the world.

10. The gold-plated silver letter enshrining the relics of the third Buddha's true body is engraved with forty-five statue mandalas from the Vajra Realm. It is the earliest tantric mandala altar discovered in the world. field.

On May 25, 2006, the Famen Temple site, as an ancient site from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, was approved by the State Council to be included in the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Shaanxi Famen Temple Explanation Chapter 3

Famen Temple is located in Famen Town, 10 kilometers north of Fufeng County, 120 kilometers west of Xi'an City, and 96 kilometers east of Baoji City. Famen Temple has been famous since ancient times for housing the finger bone relics of Sakyamuni Buddha. Therefore, it was supported by the Chinese dynasty and became the earliest four major Buddhist holy sites in my country.

Dharma door means the door that practitioners must enter.

Famen Temple was first built in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the temple was built because of the pagoda. The Famen Temple Pagoda is also known as the "True Body Pagoda", so named because it contains a finger bone of Sakyamuni. In 485 BC, Sakyamuni died. King Asoka of the Maurya Dynasty of Magadha, India, converted to Buddhism. In order to spread the Buddha's glory, he divided the Buddha's bones into 84,000 pieces and hid them all over the world. Four thousand towers. There are 19 Buddha relic pagodas in our country, and the Famen Temple pagoda is one of them. Therefore, Famen Temple Pagoda and Famen Temple are known as the ancestors of Guanzhong Pagoda Temple.

We can now see the mountain gate we just entered, also called the "Three Gates". The ones on the left and right are the Wuxiang Gate and the Wuzuomen, and the middle is the Void Gate. We generally refer to becoming a monk as entering the door. This is probably where Buddhism comes from.

Now we are coming to the Bronze Buddha Hall, the only ancient building in Famen Temple. In the main hall, Sakyamuni’s Dharmakaya Buddha Vairocana Buddha is enshrined. There are also eighteen Arhat statues on both sides of the main hall, so The Bronze Buddha Hall is also called the Arhat Hall.

Now we are coming to the True Body Pagoda of Famen Temple, but what we see was rebuilt in 1987. Famen Temple has been famous for housing the finger bone relics of Sakyamuni Buddha since ancient times. It is also because of the relics that the pagoda was built and the pagoda was built into the temple. It is recorded in the Buddhist temple that in 485 BC, Sakyamuni died. King Asoka of the Mauryan Dynasty of Magadha, India, converted to Buddhism. In order to make the Buddha's glory far-reaching, he divided the Buddha's bones into Eighty-four thousand pieces are hidden in various parts of the world, and 84,000 towers have been built. There are 19 Buddha relic pagodas in our country, and the Famen Temple pagoda is the fifth among them. Therefore, the original Famen Temple was called Ashoka Temple, and the Famen Temple tower was called Ashoka Pagoda.

Famen Temple was first built in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the temple was built because of the pagoda. In the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong rebuilt a four-level wooden pagoda here to worship the Buddha's finger relics. The wooden pagoda built in the Tang Dynasty collapsed during the Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, monks from Famen Temple rebuilt an 8-sided 13-story pagoda for alms. Half of the brick pagoda collapsed in 1981. In 1985, in order to rebuild the pagoda, the local government manually demolished the half-collapsed half of the pagoda. In 1987, when cleaning the base of the pagoda to prepare for reconstruction, an accident occurred. The underground palace was discovered, and four finger relics of Sakyamuni Buddha and 2,499 royal treasures of the Tang Dynasty were unearthed. Famen Temple has become the focus of the world's attention overnight. Now, everyone is invited to go to the underground palace to worship the Buddha's finger relic.

The Famen Temple underground palace has a total length of 21.2 meters and an area of ??31.84 square meters. It is the largest temple tower underground palace discovered in China so far. The four Buddha bones discovered in the underground palace are the most eye-catching. The first relic is hidden in the eight-fold treasure letter in the back room. It is 40.3 mm long, connected from top to bottom, and is placed vertically on the silver pillar at the base of the pagoda. The second relic is hidden in the white marble double eaves spiritual tent in the middle room. 1 piece is similar. The third piece is hidden in the white jade coffin of the five-fold treasure letter in the secret niche in the back room. It is tubular, 37 mm long, white with yellowing. The fourth relic is hidden in the colorful pagoda painted with Bodhisattva Asoka in the front room. Its color, luster and shape are similar to those of the first and second relics. The president of the National Buddhist Association, Zhao Puchu, and the vice president, Mr. Zhou Shaoliang, confirmed that the third one is a spiritual bone, that is, the finger bone of the Buddha's real body, and the remaining three are shadow bones, which were imitated by the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty to protect the real bones. But in the eyes of Buddhists, shadow bones are also sacred bones and have the same meaning as bones.

After visiting the underground palace of Famen Temple, we came to the Mahavira Hall of Famen Temple. Mahavira is the honorific title for Sakyamuni. It was consecrated in 1994. It enshrines the five Buddhas of the Tantric sect of Buddhism, which represent the five directions, east, west, north, and south. They are Amitabha, Amitabha, Eight-Day Tathagata, Precious Born Buddha, and Achu Buddha. Next to it are two The ten groups of heaven represent the twenty-four gods in the sky.

After visiting Famen Temple, let’s visit the Famen Temple Museum in the west. It was officially opened to the public on November 9, 1988. It is the only thematic museum in the country with Buddhist content as its theme. . The museum consists of the historical exhibition of Famen Temple, the Buddhist cultural exhibition of Famen Temple, the cultural exhibition of Tang Mi Mandala of Famen Temple and the exhibition of Tang Dynasty treasures of Famen Temple.

Let’s first visit the Famen Temple Historical Exhibition Hall. In the Famen Temple Historical Exhibition Hall, we mainly show people the historical reasons for the construction of Famen Temple, as well as the history of the construction of Famen Temple in various historical dynasties. real thing.

Next we came to the Tang Dynasty treasure display, which included 44 national treasure-level cultural relics and 99 first-class cultural relics. It is the museum with the largest proportion of Chinese treasure-level cultural relics among the 88 museums in Shaanxi. First of all, we What I saw was the Yitong Stele, which is the Wu Zhang Stele. It records in detail who gave the treasure in the underground palace, its name, size, etc. It is a national treasure-level cultural relic.

Next, what we see is the most precious porcelain of the Tang Dynasty? The secret color porcelain unearthed from the Yue kiln in the south. The secret color porcelain was specially used for the royal family. It is a kind of celadon. The craftsmanship is complex and difficult. It got its name because the secret recipe is kept secret. You can see that this secret color porcelain plate seems to have a thin layer of water on the bottom, which makes it feel very crystal clear. But after all, secret color porcelain has been lost in China for more than 1,000 years. It is the first time it has been unearthed in the underground palace of Famen Temple. It can be said that its production method is still unknown. It should be said that it is an eternal mystery.

In addition, silk fabrics from the Tang Dynasty are also quite precious. However, because silk is not easy to preserve, many of them have weathered. Among them, the most intact one is the tufted gold embroidery, and tuft means shrinkage. Gold threads are used to form flower patterns and then fixed on silk. This kind of fabric is called cluster gold embroidery. The preciousness of gold cluster embroidery is, firstly, that it is well protected, and secondly, its workmanship. We can see that its texture is silky, and the patterns on it are all embroidered with gold thread. However, this kind of Gold wire is not an ordinary gold wire. It first uses pure gold wire to wrap around the tire wire. If the tire wire in the middle is one meter, then the gold wire needs to be wound for 33,000 turns. We saw that this kind of composite thread is used to weave patterns on fabrics. We once made a measurement, and we didn’t expect that the smallest diameter of the gold wire used in this kind of gold cluster embroidery is only 64.6 wire is 0.06 mm, which is smaller than a human hair. Still fine. There are only 20 wires of this kind of gold wire made in the world today, in Japan and only 70 wires in China. Unexpectedly, in the Tang Dynasty, cultural relics show that the drawing technology at that time was already quite high, reaching 6 wires.

(The exquisite craftsmanship of gold brocade weaving in the Tang Dynasty was astonishing.

The gold wire used in brocade weaving has a minimum diameter of only 0.1 mm, which is thinner than a human hair. With silk thread as the core and gold thread wound around it, one meter long gold thread needs to be wound more than 3,000 times. The embroidered skirt enshrined by Wu Zetian is made of this kind of fabric. )

In addition, some colored glaze ware tribute from the Mesopotamia and Mesopotamia are also on display.

Next, we went to Zhenbao Pavilion to visit the Buddhist cultural display of Famen Temple. The cultural relics in this showcase are also arranged according to the mandala in Buddhism.

Among them, the most precious cultural relic is this gilt tin staff with 12 rings on both sides. It is called tin. In fact, it is not made of tin, but when you shake the tin staff ring, it will make a squeaking sound. It is named after sound. There are also different levels of tin sticks. What we are seeing now belongs to the king of tin sticks in the world and is the highest specification tin stick. This tin stick is 1.96 meters long and weighs 2390 grams. It is made of 2 taels of gold and 58 taels of silver. , however, the level of the tin stick is represented by the number of the first ring and the drum. You can see that the peach-shaped one is called the drum. This tin stick has a total of four drums, and each drum has 3 rings on it. 4 drums and 12 drums. Rings, 4 drums and 12 rings represent the highest level of magic power in Buddhism? The Four Noble Truths and 12 Causes and Conditions, so its magic power is the highest. This level of tin staff can only be held by Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism, so it is the king of tin staffs in the world.

In addition, we can also see some utensils for enshrining the Buddha's finger relics. The most precious one is this gilt holding the true body of the Bodhisattva. The Bodhisattva is covered with pearls, and has a lotus leaf-shaped tray in his hand. There is a pure gold plaque on the tray. There are words on the golden plaque. After research, it was a monk named Chengyi who gave it to Li Cui, Yizong of the Tang Dynasty. 39th birthday gift. It is said to be precious because this Bodhisattva also completed an important historical mission. In order to welcome the relics from Famen Temple, Li Cui, Yizong of the Tang Dynasty, once said: "If you are born to see the relics, you will die without regrets." Therefore, after the relic arrived in Chang'an, it was placed on the lotus leaf plate held in the hands of the Bodhisattva during the ceremony of kneeling and worshiping. Therefore, this Bodhisattva is also called the Bodhisattva Holding the True Body.

At this point, the restaurant in Famen Temple is coming to an end. I hope my explanation can leave you with good memories!!