Village planning is very basic and important. How should we plan it?

When it comes to a village, what are its problems and what kind of planning it needs? Planners must "sink". Without a deep understanding of a village, planners are likely to plan an industry subjectively ...

At the 218 academic annual meeting of Nanjing Urban Planning Association, we heard a real case: a state-owned enterprise plans to invest several million yuan to build a rural museum in a village. After discussion, the village committee declined the investment. Because the transportation in this village is inconvenient, it is not suitable for developing tourism, and the existing industrial base can't provide tens of thousands of yuan of annual operation and maintenance fees, the village is worried that the museum will become an "empty shell", but it will become a burden.

highlighting the guidance of planning is a breakthrough in implementing the rural revitalization strategy. Many planners have gone deep into the countryside to paint a blueprint for revitalization. How does planning really lead? At the annual meeting, participants expressed their views on truly "sinking" into the countryside and making plans according to local conditions.

Need to understand the countryside from bottom to top

"A few years ago, some scholars questioned whether it was necessary to prepare rural planning, but now such voices have disappeared." Wang Xiaochun, technical director of Jiangsu Urban and Rural Planning and Design Institute, was delighted to see the change. Great progress has been made in the theoretical construction and practice of rural planning. Jiangsu builds characteristic rural areas, and expands the traditional spatial planning to system research, industrial development, construction, organization and promotion.

He Shimao, vice president of Nanjing Urban and Transportation Planning and Design Institute, said that doing a good job in rural planning is an inevitable choice for rural revitalization, and it is also the historical mission and promising space for planners. "But do planners really know the countryside?" He believes that the urban planning knowledge and accumulated experience of a large number of planners are not applicable in rural areas. "Planners must first ask themselves: Are you familiar with the people and resources in the countryside? What do local farmers really need? Is the beautiful vision you have planned for them really suitable for them? "

"Learn about the countryside from the bottom up." Zhang Yi, deputy director of the Urban Planning Institute of China Design Group Co., Ltd. suggested. He said that the lack of people, land and money are universal constraints to rural revitalization. However, when it comes to a village, what problems it has and what kind of planning it needs, planners can't understand it without "sinking". Rural planning can not ignore the development of industry, but without a deep understanding of a village, planners are likely to plan an industry subjectively.

It is necessary to avoid the similarity of subjective planning industries

Participants mentioned the problems in current rural planning and rural development. "The framework of rural planning is becoming more and more complex and the content is becoming more and more complicated. But in the end, it was found that there were very few. " Wang Xiaochun analyzed, "People often say that planning is the' leader', but we need to objectively realize that planning cannot solve all the problems faced by a village." The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the general requirements of "prosperous industry, livable ecology, civilized rural customs, effective governance and affluent life" for rural revitalization. Traditional rural planning is good at the four words "ecologically livable", and these 2 words are a complete system and are indispensable. Planners need to pay more attention to the other 16 words.

we don't shy away from the problem of industrial similarity. He Shimao has reviewed many rural planning projects and left the impression that "rural tourism is a big hit"-many villages plan tourism projects regardless of whether they have the conditions. He told reporters that when he learned that a village refused the rural museum, he couldn't help but praise the rationality of the village cadre.

the similarity of industries lies in the fact that the planning does not accurately judge the characteristic "resource points" of rural areas. To revitalize the countryside, it is undoubtedly necessary to have its own characteristics. Whether the characteristics of a village are mountains and rivers, ancestral halls, folk customs or other things, planners must have a deep understanding. He Shimao suggested that the evaluation of characteristic "resource points" should be paid attention to, and the "resource points" can be well excavated, activated and enlarged after being identified.

rural planning needs integration and innovation

Last year, Nanjing Planning and Design Institute prepared a plan for Xianxian Village in Guanhu Town, Pizhou City. Planners visited villagers, town and village cadres and distributed questionnaires to listen to their opinions on housing and environmental improvement, infrastructure construction and industrial development. The results of interviews and questionnaires have played a role in planning. Wang Yi, deputy chief engineer of the hospital, said: "Planning is also a coordination work. Coordinating the opinions of the government, villagers, developers and other parties, especially letting the villagers actively play the main role, is the key to the success and sustainable development of village planning. " He suggested that when building a characteristic rural construction team, rural areas should not only have professionals in planning and design, industrial planning, landscape design and architectural design, but also employ rural consultants including rural craftsmen and village cadres, and absorb villagers' representatives within the team.

In Xiaolushan Village, Heilin Town, Ganyu District, Lianyungang City, planners explore a new path of rural construction integrating "planning-design-construction". The resident designer manages the whole process of the design, procurement and construction of the village construction project, and is fully responsible for the quality, safety, construction period and cost of the project. The resident designer can optimize the design scheme according to the site problems, so that the planning and design can play a leading role in the engineering construction process.

Wang Xiaochun participated in the discussion of a rural planning project in Wujin District, Changzhou City, and found that this project integrated the village land use planning with the traditional village planning, realized the "multi-regulation integration" in rural areas, and made the construction project and land use adjustment simultaneously, which was beneficial to the planning and construction project. He said that provincial towns and rural planning and design institutes are also innovating, interacting traditional planning with planning and operation, construction and implementation, and land system, hoping to play a greater leading role in rural planning.

there are many kinds of villages, and there is no fixed model and development routine. If we plan based on reality, the bright future of villages can be expected.