Tour guide words of Nanjing scenic spots

At present, we are going to visit Xuanwu Lake Park, which is located outside Xuanwu Gate in the northeast of Nanjing. The park covers an area of 472 hectares, including 368 hectares of water surface, 9.5 kilometers of land 104 hectares and a drainage area of 14 square kilometers. It is an important part of the national Zhongshan scenic spot and the largest comprehensive cultural and entertainment park in Nanjing. Xuanwu Lake is surrounded by mountains on three sides and faces the city on two sides. Purple Mountain in the east, Jilong Mountain and Zhoushan Mountain in the south, Mufu Mountain and Guanyin Mountain in the north as barriers, and magnificent ancient city walls stand in the west and south. The lake is sparkling, surrounded by continents, such as Liangzhou, Cuizhou, Lingzhou and Yingzhou, which are connected by dikes and bridges and surrounded by green trees and weeping willows. The ancients once praised the beauty of Qiantang in West Lake and Jinling in Houhu, and compared Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing with West Lake in Hangzhou.

The origin of Xuanwu Lake The name and origin of Xuanwu Lake

Dear friends, when you come to a famous historical and cultural city, you must want to see the most famous and distinctive local attractions! In Nanjing, if you don't go to Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, you can only see half of the ancient city of Nanjing. Although Nanjing is known as the "ancient capital of the Six Dynasties" and has many scenic spots such as "Forty Scenes of Jinling", Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is undoubtedly one of the most attractive and well-known scenic spots. Speaking of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, of course, we should mention its owner, Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the great forerunner of China's democratic revolution. Mr. Sun's real name is Yi Xian. Foreign friends call him "Dr. Sun Yixian". Because he used the pseudonym "Zhongshan Qiao" when he was engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan, he was honored as Dr. Sun Yat-sen in China. Sun Yat-sen was born in a peasant family in Cuiheng Village, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province. He is not ambitious, studying in Honolulu, Hong Kong and other places, and practicing medicine in Guangzhou and Macao after graduation.

Later, he gave up medicine and went into politics, and in 1905, he organized the China League in Japan and was elected Prime Minister. He put forward the famous program of "expelling prisoners, restoring China, establishing the Republic of China, and averaging land rights" and the theory of "national civil rights and people's livelihood"1911116 After the Wuchang Uprising broke out, Mr. Sun was/kloc. Since then, it has experienced Yuan Shikai's theft of the country, the second revolution, the movement to protect the country, the movement to protect the law and other ups and downs. 192 1 became a very large president of the Republic of China in Guangzhou. 1at the first national congress of the Chinese Kuomintang held in Guangzhou in June, 924, he developed the old Three People's Principles into the new Three People's Principles and put forward three policies of "uniting with Russia", "uniting with * * *" and "helping the peasants and workers". In June of the same year165438+1October, at the invitation of Feng Yuxiang, he went north to discuss national plans, and finally died in Beijing on March 1925 due to overwork.

Nanjing is known as the "land of emperors", and various dynasties have left a large number of historical sites and sites in Nanjing. Now we are going to visit the Ming Tombs.

Geographical location-site selection process-Ming tombs construction process.

The Ming Tombs are the burial tombs of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and Ma Shi, the empress of the Ming Dynasty. It is located at the foot of Mount Qomolangma in Dulong, the southern foot of Zijin Mountain, and it is the largest and best-preserved imperial tomb in Nanjing. It has a history of more than 600 years.

The emperor of China was very careful when choosing the location of the mausoleum, paying special attention to the "auspicious land", that is, the land of geomantic omen. Every time I go out to choose a site, I will not only send first-and second-class officials from the imperial court, but also attract alchemists who are familiar with geography and can see Feng Shui. After the emperor selected the mausoleum, he had to make a field trip in person, and it was finally determined when he was satisfied. Shortly after Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he was very concerned about his "paradise" after his death and began planning to build a mausoleum. It is said that he once called Liu Bowen, Xu Da, Chang Yuchun, Tanghe and other ministers to discuss the location. The five people agreed to write the best tomb site on paper and then make it public at the same time. As a result, great minds think alike, and they all say "playing Mount Everest alone". So the tomb site of Zhu Yuanzhang's mausoleum was decided in this way. Dulongfu is a small hill located under the main peak of Zijin Mountain, with a height of150m and a diameter of about 400m, like a huge natural tomb. The feudal emperor of China often compared himself to the real dragon emperor, and built a mausoleum in Dulong House, which met the requirements of feudal superstition.

Linggu Temple is a scenic spot composed of temple buildings, the cemetery of fallen soldiers of the National Revolutionary Army and Guling Park. Due to historical reasons, people still generally call it Linggu Temple. Our car is running. I wonder if you have noticed the two sides of the window. Along the way, magnolia stands upright, with dense trees and winding paths. We seem to be in an incredible situation. Let me first introduce the founding history of Linggu Temple.

Linggu Temple-located at the southern foot of Zijin Mountain, is one of the three major Buddhist temples in Ming Dynasty. As early as the Six Dynasties, Purple Mountain was a holy place of Buddhism. When Liang Wudi was in China, there were more than 70 temples around him. In the Ming Dynasty, most of these monasteries were destroyed after vicissitudes of life, and only a few monasteries, such as Jiangshan Temple, Ding Lin Temple and Songxi Temple, in Dulonggang, at the south foot of the mountain, were well preserved. The predecessor of Linggu Temple is Kaichan Temple in Dulonggang. In the 13th year of Nan Prison (5 14), Liang Wudi built a beautiful house and a stone pagoda in Dulonggang to bury monk Baozhi. It was renamed Baogongyuan in the Tang Dynasty, Taiping xingguo temple in the Northern Song Dynasty and Jiangshan Temple in the early Ming Dynasty. In order to build the Ming Tombs, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered people to choose Longgang, the capital of Feng Shui, and ordered all the temples in this area, including Jiangshan Temple, to be moved to the eastern foot of Zijin Mountain and merged into one. Because the terrain of Linggu Temple is a valley between "the left mountain and the right mountain", it is named "Linggu Temple has a specialization". Linggu Temple was first built on a grand scale, with many pagodas in the main hall. It is 2.5 kilometers long from the gate to the Hall of Ursa Major, covering an area of about 500 mu, with thousands of monks. No wonder Zhu Yuanjin regarded it as a masterpiece and inscribed "The First Zen Forest". Unfortunately, because of the fire and soldiers, only five grain shops survived. By the time of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, the scale of rebuilding Linggu Temple was far less than that of that year. However, red walls, yellow tiles, pine trees, fragrant flowers and quiet environment still maintain the beautiful scenery of "late autumn".

Hongshanmen-memorial archway for fallen soldiers, Wuliangdian-memorial for fallen soldiers

Ladies and gentlemen, we have come to the front of the mountain gate of Linggu Temple, which is the general name of the temple gate. This mountain gate is also the gate of Guling Park. Please see: the mountain gate of this antique building was rebuilt in the 1930s. It is in the form of three arches, a green glazed tile roof and a red outer wall, so it is also called the red mountain gate. On the forehead of the door, there are four characters inscribed by Mr. Qian, a modern calligrapher, "Ancient spirit and beautiful scenery". A pair of stone lions outside the gate were presented by the Beiping Military Division, which built the cemetery for fallen soldiers.

Welcome to Nanjing Confucius Temple. Confucius Temple is located on the Qinhuai River in the south of the city, with superior geographical position and convenient transportation. It is a historical relic and tourist attraction that Nanjing people are proud of, and it is a bustling place where emerging cultures, businesses, tourist centers and temple cities are integrated.

Confucius Temple, also known as Confucius Temple and Confucius Temple, is a place dedicated to Confucius, a famous great educator and thinker in China. Confucius was revered as Confucius in ancient times, so his temple was commonly called "Confucius Temple". Because of the orthodox position of Confucianism, its founder Confucius was highly respected by rulers and scholars in feudal society, and there were more than one Confucius temple dedicated to him all over the country, in some places. Confucius Temple, as a place for feudal scholars to sacrifice, is mostly equipped with educational facilities (such as Gong Xue and Gong Yuan), that is, the so-called temple is attached to the school, usually in front of or on the side of Gong Xue.

Historically, there were three Confucius temples in Nanjing, one in the present municipal government compound and the other in the Chaotian Palace. What we are going to visit now is the third and most famous place. Song Jingyao moved from Chaotian Palace in the first year (1034). At the beginning, it was Jiankang Fu Xue, Qing Ji Road Xue Xue in Yuan Dynasty, Guo Xue in early Ming Dynasty, and then Yingtianfu Xue Xue. In Qing Dynasty, it moved out of Fu Xue and changed to Jiangning and Shangyuan County Xue Xue. Xianfeng was destroyed by fire and rebuilt in Tongzhi (1869). It was burned by the Japanese in the Anti-Japanese War. The existing Confucius Temple was rebuilt in the early 1980s. It uses the front temple and the back school, with the Confucius Temple in front and Gong Xue in the back. The Gong Yuan set up behind is arranged on the left side of Gong Xue. Therefore, the relatively complete pattern of Nanjing Confucius Temple includes three parts, namely Confucius Temple, Gong Xue and Gong Yuan. The north-south central axis with Dacheng Hall as the center, the main buildings on both sides and the Jiangnan Gongyuan Exhibition Hall with Mingyuan Building as the center have become the most important tourist attractions in the Confucius Temple area.