What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Three Gorges Dam?

Flood control and flood regulation: During the operation period of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the reserved flood control capacity is 2.2/kloc-0.50 billion cubic meters, and the flood regulation of the reservoir can reduce the peak flow by 27,000-33,000 cubic meters per second, which is the highest in the world.

Hydroelectric power generation: The Three Gorges Hydropower Station will install 32 hydro-generator sets with a single unit capacity of 700,000 kWh (including 6 hydro-generator sets in underground powerhouse), plus two hydro-generator sets with a total installed capacity of 22.5 million kW, with an annual power generation of 654.38+000 billion kWh, making it the largest hydropower station in the world.

Improve shipping: The backwater of the Three Gorges Reservoir reaches Chongqing, an important town in the southwest, and the shipping mileage is increased by 660 kilometers, and the annual one-way navigation capacity is increased from 6,543,800 tons to 50 million tons. It is well-deserved to call the Three Gorges Project the first hub project in the world to improve shipping conditions.

Disadvantages: The dam prevents the sediment from flowing downstream, which makes the estuary of the Yangtze River, including Shanghai, shrink, and the salt water from the ocean is flowing backwards into the inland. Untreated sewage and fertilizer residues are continuously discharged into the dam reservoir, which leads to the growth and reproduction of giant algae and threatens the downstream water supply. The fluctuation of reservoir water level is also considered to be the root of the strange rat disaster for farmers in Hunan Province.

From the problems exposed by the Three Gorges Dam, it can be seen that on the one hand, China, a country that is rapidly moving towards industrialization, is eager to get rid of the shackles of nature, on the other hand, its efforts have backfired. The opening of the Three Gorges Project coincides with the re-examination of dam-building practice by foreign ecologists, and economists hold the same view. They believe that such an expensive project can only survive by state subsidies.

Dam impoundment and water level adjustment in rainy season led to landslides, which also seriously damaged the geological structure of He Miao Village and other areas. The water storage of the dam destroyed the water cycle, resulting in continuous drought in Yunnan and other places, and many rivers were cut off.

The Three Gorges Dam is located in Sandouping, Yichang City, Hubei Province, 38 kilometers away from the downstream Gezhouba Water Control Project. It is the largest concrete hydropower project in the world, the main project of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station and the core landscape of the Three Gorges Dam tourist area. three

The Xiaba project consists of the main building and diversion project, with a total length of about 2,309 m and a dam height of 185m, with a total investment of 95.46 billion yuan. On February 65, 438+0994, 65, 438+04, the project was officially started and completed on May 20, 2006.

With the approval of the National Defense General, the Three Gorges Reservoir was officially started at 0: 00 on September 201year 175m for the fourth experimental water storage. By 9: 00 on June 8/kloc-0, the water level of the reservoir reached160.18m .. 20. 20 12 On July 24th, the inflow of the Three Gorges Dam reached 7120,000 cubic meters per second, the largest flood peak since the Three Gorges Reservoir was built.