A compilation of excellent lesson plans for "Returning to Lumen at Night"

Teaching objectives

1. Understand the writer’s life

Style of work

The creative background and purpose of this poem.

2. Taste poetry

And recite the whole poem.

3. Combine the poet’s background and thoughts

Grasp the connotation of poetry.

4. Perceive the artistic conception of poetry

Feel the poet’s free and easy mind and reclusive feelings and interests.

Key and difficult teaching points

1. Combine the poet’s Background and thoughts

Grasp the connotation of poetry.

2. Perceive the artistic conception of poetry

Feel the poet's free and easy mind and reclusive feelings and interests.

Class schedule

1 class period

Teaching process

1. Works of writers

1. Introduction to the author

Meng Haoran (689-740), a native of Xiangyang (now part of Hubei)

Mainly active in the Kaiyuan period. He lived in Jiannan Garden near Xian Mountain in the south of Xiangyang City for most of his life. Before he was middle-aged, he traveled far away from home. When he was 40 years old, he went to Chang'an to take the Jinshi Examination. After failing, he traveled in the Wuyue area for many years and visited many scenic spots. . In the twenty-fifth year of Kaiyuan (737)

Zhang Jiuling was demoted to the position of governor of Jingzhou. Meng Haoran once served as the governor, but soon resigned and returned to his hometown where he remained until his death. Meng Haoran was the first poet in the Tang Dynasty who devoted himself to writing landscape poems. There are more than 200 of his poems in existence today. Most of them are landscape travel poems he wrote during his wanderings. There are also some poems he wrote when he visited the Wanshan Mountains in his hometown and Xian. This work was written when visiting Mount Lumen and Lumen Mountain. There are also a few poems about pastoral and rural life. The geographical scope of the poem's material is quite broad.

2. Background introduction

Meng Haoran's home is located in the southern suburbs of Xiangyang City, near Xian Mountain

On the west bank of the Han River, it is called "Nanyuan" or "Jiannanyuan" . The Lumen Mountain in the title is on the east bank of the Han River, on the south bank of the Mianshui River and across the river from Xian Mountain.

It is not far away and can be reached by boat in a few hours. Pang Degong, a famous hermit in the late Han Dynasty, lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain because he refused to conquer the land. Since then, Lumen Mountain has become a holy place of seclusion. Meng Haoran had been living in seclusion at his home in Nanyuan, Xian Mountain. At the age of 40, he went to Chang'an to seek an official position but was not met. After traveling to Wu and Yue for several years, he returned to his hometown. He followed the footsteps of Pang Degong, the sage of Buxiang, and specially built a residence in Lumen Mountain. Occasionally I go to live there, which is actually a separate occupation that flaunts the nature of retreat, so the title is "Returning to Lumen at Night". Although it has a documentary meaning, the main purpose of this poem is to sing about the feelings and interests of retreat.

2. Perceive the content of the poem as a whole

1. Students read aloud

Recite the poem.

2. Read the annotations

< p> Understand the literal meaning

3. Discussion: What is the main content of the poem

3. Appreciation of the content of the poem

1. Analyze the first sentence ：What scene is written in the beginning of the poem?

Clearly: The first two sentences describe the poet’s experiences during his evening trip to the river. The first sentence describes that the day has ended, dusk has fallen, and the bells ringing the time came from the secluded ancient temple. The second sentence describes the noise of people rushing to return home at Yuliang Ferry near Mianshuikou. The first sentence expresses the tranquility. Environment, but the second sentence expresses the hustle and bustle

forming a clear and strong contrast. This is the contrast between the Zen state far away from the world and the noisy and chaotic world.

2. Read and analyze the second sentence: This comparison implies that the poet and the world have different choices.

From this, we can see what the poet’s ambition is?

Make it clear: the first sentence inherits the poetic meaning of "Yuliang" and writes about the villagers returning home each other; the second sentence inherits the poetic meaning of "Mountain Temple" and writes about returning to Lumen. These two sentences use the words "people return" to lead to "self return", as a specific complement to the previous article. The two journeys back home show two different states of mind. This is another contrast, which shows the poet's reclusive ambition to live aloof from the world and his indifferent feelings of not seeking glory and gain.

3. Read and analyze the third sentence: Since the poet chose to return to Lumen, what did he see on his way back?

Clear: The trees in Lumen Mountain are basically Shrouded in the dusk mist, it was hazy and blurry. When the mountain moon came out, the clear light shone brightly, the dusk fog disappeared, and the shadows of the trees became clear. The poet was completely intoxicated by nature. He climbed the rugged mountain road without knowing it and came to the place where Pang Gong lived in seclusion. This subtle feeling and intimate experience show the taste and artistic conception of seclusion. The hermit is melted by nature and forgets everything else. Pang Gong, also known as Pang Degong, was a hermit in the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty? Biography of Yi Min" records: "Pang Gong was from Xiangyang in Nanjun. Liu Biao, the governor of Jingzhou, invited him several times, but he could not give in, so he took his wife to Mount Lumen, but he did not return because he was collecting medicine." Meng Haoran admired Pang Gong. He also recited a poem in "Climbing Lumen Mountain to Reminisce about the Past": "In the past, I heard that Pang Degong collected medicine and never returned. His traces still exist today, and the high wind is far away."

4

Read and analyze the fourth sentence: The poet returned to Lumen’s hermitage, what kind of life did he live?

Make it clear: This " "Youren" not only refers to Pang Degong, but also refers to himself, because the poet completely understood the fun and true meaning of "escaping from the world without boredom", and practiced Pang Degong's path and destination of "taking medicine and never returning". Inside the mountain rocks, the firewood gate is half-covered, and under the pine path, there is a self-made path. There is no worldly interference here, only birds and mountains and forests as companions. The hermit lives here in secluded solitude, living a quiet and lonely life.

4. Class Summary

The theme of this poem is "Returning to Lumen at Night"

It reads quite like a landscape sketch. .But its theme is to express the noble and reclusive feelings and destiny. The poem describes from sunset to the moon hanging in the night sky

From the boat trip on the Han River to Lumen Mountain

The essence The above is the hermit road from the mundane world to the lonely nature. The poet uses a heart-to-heart tone

Natural structure

Clean pen and ink

Sparse touches

Truely express one's inner experience and feelings

Movingly show the image of a calm and detached hermit

Form a unique artistic conception and style.< /p>

5. Assignment

Exercise 3 after class

Compare this poem with Wang Wei’s "Gui Songshan Composition"

Talk about it What are the similarities and differences in the artistic conception of the two poems?

1. Introduction to the author (see textbook p28)

Meng Haoran (689-740), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose real name was Hao and whose courtesy name was Haoran. A native of Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangfan, Hubei), he was known as Meng Xiangyang in the world. Because he had never been an official, he was also called a Mengshan native. He once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. Meng Haoran's life experience is relatively simple, and the themes of his poetry creation are also very narrow. Most of Meng's poems are five-character short stories, mostly about landscapes, countryside, the joy of living in seclusion, and the mood of traveling and traveling. Although there are some cynical words in them, they are more of the poet's self-expression. Together with Wang Wei, he is known as the representative of landscape and pastoral poetry in the Tang Dynasty. Although his poetry is far less broad than Wang Wei's, he has unique attainments in art. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Wang Shiyuan of Yicheng compiled Meng Haoran's poems and obtained 218 poems. His book has been lost. The current collection of "Meng Haoran Collection" contains 263 poems, 45 more than Wang Ben's, among which there are other people's works. Deeds can be seen in the new and old "Tang Shu" biography.

2. Explanation of the meaning of the question

Pang Degong, a famous hermit in the late Han Dynasty, lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain with his family because he refused to conquer the land. Since then, Lumen Mountain has become a holy place of seclusion.

Meng Haoran is a reclusive poet. Before the age of 40, he lived in seclusion at his home in Nanyuan of Xianshan on the west bank of the Han River. At the age of 40, he went to Chang'an to seek an official position but failed to find an official. After traveling to Wu and Yue for several years, he returned home, determined to follow the footsteps of the sage Pang Degong. On the east bank of the Han River, he met with Xianshan There is a residence in Lumen Mountain across the river, and I sometimes stay there. This poem is about his "returning to Lumen at night". Therefore, the title "Returning to Lumen at Night" has a documentary meaning, but the main purpose is to indicate that this poem is a song about the feelings and interests of returning to seclusion.

3. Reading Appreciation

Reading Tips: This is a seven-character ancient poem with smooth tone and simple language. When reading, you should pay attention to the smooth rhythm.

4. Overall Perception

The first two sentences, (Translation: The bells in the mountain temple are ringing, the sky is already dark, and people at Yuliang Ferry are noisy as they scramble to cross the river.) Write a poem When people walk along the river in the evening, they hear the bells of mountain temples telling the time and see people fighting for the ferry. The contrast between the tranquility of the mountain temple and the hustle and bustle of the ferry reminds people of the free and easy mind of entering.

The third and fourth sentences, (Translation: Pedestrians walked along the beach to Jiangcun, and I took a boat back to Lumen.) It writes that the world returns to the village, but the poet leaves home and returns to Lumen. The comparison of the return journey reveals the poet's ambition to be reclusive and contented.

The fifth and sixth sentences, (Translation: The moon in Lumen Mountain illuminated the hazy tree shadows clearly. Unconsciously, I suddenly came to the place where Pang Gong lived in seclusion.) Write on the mountain road of Lumen Mountain , the moonlight shines on the woods, hazy and wonderful. The poet is intoxicated in this scenery and can't help but become one with nature. Arriving at the destination unknowingly, it turned out that this was the secluded place of Pang Degong. These two sentences express the reclusive taste and artistic conception.

The seventh and eighth sentences, (Translation: The mountain gate of the cave and the path among the pines are quiet, and only I, the hermit, come and go alone.) Write about the situation in the hermitage: alone, Isolated from the world and kept company with the mountains and forests. It shows the fun and true meaning of reclusive life.

The "return" of "returning at night" written in this poem is actually the road from secularity to seclusion. The author uses light and clean pen and ink to express the feelings and interests of hermits, vividly shaping the image of a hermit and forming a unique artistic conception.

5. Discussion and Research

Answer the following questions to understand the beauty of this poem.

(1) This poem writes two scenes respectively by the river and in the mountains according to the order of time and space. Compare the different emphases of the poet when describing these two scenes, and talk about how they form a harmonious unity. Poetic.

(2) What kind of mood does the sentence "Only lonely people come and go" reflect the poet's state of mind? Wen Yiduo's article "Meng Haoran" said that "poetry is like its person". Tell us about your understanding of "poetry" understanding of the evaluation "just like the person he is."

Clarification:

(1) The scene by the river focuses on the secular world. People are noisily fighting to get home, but the poet maintains a detached and unrestrained mentality; the scene in the mountains focuses on the secular world. The poet lives in seclusion, isolated from the world, and lonely. From the first scene to the second scene, the poet returns from earthly life to living in seclusion. This highlights the poet's image as a hermit and shows his peaceful and free reclusive aspirations. Therefore, the poetic landscape composed of these two scenes is harmonious and unified.

(2) This sentence means that the poet lives here in seclusion, isolated from the world, surrounded only by mountains and forests, and comes and goes alone. The "youren" in the sentence refers to Pang Degong and the poet himself. Pang Degong once lived in seclusion here, and the poet followed in his footsteps and lived alone here. In this world, people seem to melt together with nature, and their hearts are so peaceful, detached and leisurely.

Wen Yiduo's article "Meng Haoran" said that "Poetry is like the person". Meng Haoran's poems are like the person Meng Haoran. In other words, Meng Haoran can be seen from Meng Haoran's poems. In the poem "Song of Returning to Lumen at Night", the scenery in the last four sentences is quiet and quiet, and the author's mood and emotions are also quiet and quiet, so the subject and object are integrated into one, forming a quiet and quiet artistic conception. This tranquility and tranquility is the artistic realm of this poem, and it is also Meng Haoran's ideological realm. The artistic realm and the ideological realm are very consistent, so it is said that "the poem is like the person it is."

6. Comparative Reading

Read this poem against Wang Wei's "Gui Peng Shan Composition" and talk about the similarities and differences in the poetic realm of the two poems.

Make it clear: "Returning to Pengshan" is about the scenery and mood Wang Wei saw on his way to resigning from office and returning to seclusion. There is emotion in the scenery and the blending of scenes. As the author writes down the scenery on the way back to the mountain in a layered manner, the poet's emotions also change step by step: he was peaceful and calm when setting off, once desolate and miserable on the way, and finally peaceful and indifferent. It can be seen that the poet actively yearns for seclusion and feels comfortable and contented.

The most common point in the poetic realm between "Returning to Lumen at Night" and "Returning to Songshan" is that man and nature are highly spiritually consistent, and the scenery and feelings are poetically combined. , the whole poem is a harmonious and complete whole, tranquil and beautiful.

The difference is: Meng’s poems mostly use line drawings and light ink, which makes them more simple and simple than Wang’s poems; Wang’s poems “have paintings in their poems” and are rich in color and luster. Li Dongyang of the Ming Dynasty said: "Wang's poems are rich but not flashy, while Meng's poems are ancient and simple, far-reaching and profound, and there is no such thing as frugality and hemorrhoids." ("Lutang Poetry Talk") This comparison is equally suitable for these two poems.

7. Recite the whole poem

8. Related links

1. Li Bai's "Gift to Meng Haoran"

To Meng Haoran

Li Bai

I love Master Meng, and he is famous all over the world.

The beauty abandons her crown, and her white head lies in the pine clouds.

The drunken moon frequently attracts the saints, and the lost flowers are of no concern to you.

You can look up to the high mountains, just to bow to the clear fragrance.

The friendship between Li Bai and Meng Haoran is a good story in the poetry world. The two got to know each other, and there was no lack of fun in drinking, singing, and going on trips together, but the most important thing was to pursue emotional harmony and seek spiritual and elegant companions and bosom friends. According to historical records, Meng Haoran once hid in Lumen Mountain and visited the capital when he was more than 40 years old. Finally, he returned to his hometown because "there was no one on the road". Li Bai actually had a similar experience. He spent some time hiding in Minshan Mountain, and then hidden himself in Cuilai Mountain. Later, he was summoned to the capital by Xuanzong to worship Hanlin. In the end, he was slandered by villains and was given gold to release him. Indeed, these two famous poets are the fundamental reason why they became close friends. This poem is a testimony of the friendship between the two.

Word explanation

① Master: a respectful title for a man. ②Fengliu: Elegant and free style.

③ Hongyan: refers to when you are young. ④Xuanmian: refers to official position, Xuan: car; Mian: the hat worn by high-ranking officials.

⑤Woofongyun: refers to retreating into the mountains and forests. ⑥Zhongsheng: It means drunk.

⑦Drunken Moon: Drunk under the moon. ⑧揖Qingfen: pay tribute to the high wind and pure charm.

⑨An: Qi. ⑩ Only here: only here. Only here: only here.

Explanation of poems

I love Meng Haoran, his chic demeanor and superhuman talent are known to everyone in the world. He gave up his fame and fortune when he was young and lived in seclusion among the green pines and white clouds in his later years. He often gets drunk when drinking wine under the moonlight, and is obsessed with the scenery and unwilling to serve the king. How can you look up to your character like a mountain? I can only bow to you here and admire your fragrant virtues.

Poetry Appreciation

The poet praised Meng Haoran's indifferent and noble character without seeking fame or fortune, showing the deep affection between the poet and Meng Haoran, and at the same time expressing the poet's admiration for Meng Haoran and his envy of him emotions of life.

The whole poem is natural and bold, neat and smooth, with profound artistic conception.

Supplement:

Wang Wei privately invited him into the Internal Affairs Bureau (Wang Wei's office). Soon Tang Xuanzong came, and Meng Haoran hid under the bed. Wang Wei told Tang After hearing Xuanzong's true story, the emperor was so happy that he said, "I have heard of this man but never seen him. Why should I be afraid and hide him?" He ordered Meng Haoran to come out. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty asked about his poems, and Meng Haoran saluted again and recited his own poems. When it came to the sentence "I don't know how to abandon you", the emperor said: "You don't ask for an official position, and I haven't abandoned you. Why do you want to frame me?" So Meng Haoran was allowed to go back.

2. How to understand Su Shi’s evaluation of Meng’s poetry as “high in rhyme but short in talent, like making a winemaker with internal skills but no materials” (quoted in "Houshan Poetry Talk")?

Song Dynasty People Yun has meanings such as "not vulgar" and "with aftertaste", and is a very advanced aesthetic realm. Su Shi said that Meng Haoran's poems had high rhyme and described Meng as a "wine maker", which was a very high evaluation. "Neifa wine" is the royal wine of the palace, and those who can make Neifa wine are naturally masters. Su Shi used it as a metaphor for Mencius, praising him as a master of poetry and calling his poems "high in rhyme". This is consistent with previous comments on Meng Shi.

Refer to previous comments and Meng Haoran's poems to understand "high rhyme". It may have the meaning of elegance and refinement, enlightenment, style, subtlety, mellowness and elegance.

As for "short talent", it is obviously Yan Meng's shortcoming. For example, Ouchi is a master of brewing sake but lacks materials. This metaphor is a bit vague. From the perspective of the theory of "high rhyme", "short talent" does not mean a lack of talent, but a lack of "materials". But what does "material" mean? Some explanations made by later generations following Su Shi may be helpful in understanding this issue. For example, Zhang Jie's "Suihantang Poetry Talk" says:

Zi Zhanyun's poems are as grand as Neiku's wine, but he is on the scale of the Supreme Master, but he lacks the talent of wine. This is all.

Yan Yu's "Canglang Poetry Talk? Poetry Analysis":

Generally speaking, the path of Zen only lies in the wonderful enlightenment, and the path of poetry also lies in the wonderful enlightenment. Moreover, Meng Xiangyang's academic ability was far behind that of Han Dynasty, but his poems were unique and superior to those of Han Dynasty. They were just wonderful insights. Only enlightenment is what we should do, and it is our true nature.

From this point of view, "short talent" and "no material" should have two meanings. One means that the content and subject matter are relatively thin and not rich enough; the other means that the knowledge is not profound and profound enough. People in the Song Dynasty "used talent and learning as poetry"[35], while Meng Haoran used aura and understanding as poetry.